,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 1
Import Settings:
Base Settings: Brownstone Default
Information Field: Complexity
Information Field: Ahead
Information Field: Subject
Information Field: Title
Information Field: Taxonomy
Highest Answer Letter: D
Multiple Keywords in Same Paragraph: No
NAS ISBN13: 9781284296457, add to Ahead, Title tags
Chapter: Chapter 01 - Quiz
Multiple Choice
1. In the 1970s, which publication established the connection between social issues and the role of the
nurse?
A) The IOM Report on Medicine
B) The IOM Core Competencies
C) Hospitals, Paternalism, and the Role of the Nurse
D) National Nursing Journal
Ans: C
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: From Past to Present: Nursing History
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Recall
2. What did Isabel Hampton Robb do as the first president of the American Nurses Association?
A) Ensured that vulnerable populations were recognized by nurses
B) Wrote forceful editorials
C) Obtained medical care for mothers and babies in rural America
D) Organized the nursing profession at the national level
Ans: D
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: From Past to Present: Nursing History
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Application
Copyright © 2026 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 1
3. How did the Industrial Revolution affect health care?
A) It brought many more caretakers into the workforce as doctors and nurses.
B) It created crowded workplaces that were breeding grounds for disease.
C) It forced children to become independent at a younger age.
D) It brought about many new public health laws.
Ans: B
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: From Past to Present: Nursing History
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Analysis
4. How did the 1948 Brown report on nursing education change the focus of nursing education?
A) Nursing schools began to view accreditation and standardization as necessary steps for success.
B) Nurses were then required to attend baccalaureate programs.
C) There was a movement toward hospital-based nursing schools.
D) The National League for Nursing was created in response to this report.
Ans: A
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: From Past to Present: Nursing History
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Analysis
5. What does belonging to a professional nursing association do for the nurse?
A) It costs money and time.
B) It allows nurses to be nationally/locally active.
C) It allows lobbyists to have more money.
D) It helps nurses get jobs.
Ans: B
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Professionalism: Critical Professional Concepts and Activities
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Application
6. The standards of practice for the American Nurses Association (ANA) include which of the following?
A) Assessment
B) Crisis management
C) Data recording
D) Rounding practices
Ans: A
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Professionalism: Critical Professional Concepts and Activities
Copyright © 2026 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 1
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Recall
7. What are the public’s views of nursing and nurses are based on?
A) Relationships with other healthcare professionals
B) Word of mouth
C) Personal experiences
D) Recommendation
Ans: C
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: The Image of Nursing
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Recall
Essay
1. Describe how Florence Nightingale influenced the nursing profession in the 1850s.
Ans: Outspoken and classically educated, Nightingale used her upbringing to influence powerful people
and convince them that women could do anything that a man could; she was religious; she organized a
school of nursing because she believed nursing education was vital; and she developed the profession so
it was not seen as containing only subordinate females.
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: From Past to Present: Nursing History
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Recall
2. Describe the recommendations of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing in response to the
health profession’s level of diversity in 2004. Think about the diversity of the healthcare workforce today.
Has anything changed? If so, has it improved or worsened? Use your own experiences in your
description.
Ans: The AACN recommends that schools hire diversity program managers; provide support services to
minority students; provide and support bridging programs from 2-year degrees to 4-year degrees;
enhance admission processes, cultural competence, and minority student recruitment; remove financial
barriers; and increase diversity program funding by Congress. Students can discuss personal
experiences in the workforce today and relate to these recommendations.
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Professionalism: Critical Professional Concepts and Activities
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Analysis
Copyright © 2026 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 1
3. Describe how the definition of nursing has changed over time. What do you think has allowed these
definitions to change?
Ans: Florence Nightingale’s definition was related to caring for someone’s health no matter what, putting
the person “in the best possible condition for nature to act upon him.” Virginia Henderson focused on
doing for the patient what he would do for himself if he were able, and to help him gain independence.
Martha Rogers focused on assisting a human being to achieve maximum health within his or her own
potential. The ANA and the ICN focus on autonomous nurses caring for the protection, promotion, and
optimization of health, all while collaborating with a healthcare team. The role of the nurse, as well as the
role of a woman, has altered this definition over time. The change in culture from a focus on illness to a
focus on health has also been important. Furthermore, teamwork and collaboration among healthcare
providers at all levels have become truly important in the complex healthcare environment.
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Professionalism: Critical Professional Concepts and Activities
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Analysis
Copyright © 2026 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 2
Import Settings:
Base Settings: Brownstone Default
Information Field: Complexity
Information Field: Ahead
Information Field: Subject
Information Field: Title
Information Field: Taxonomy
Highest Answer Letter: D
Multiple Keywords in Same Paragraph: No
NAS ISBN13: 9781284296457, add to Ahead, Title tags
Chapter: Chapter 02 - Quiz
Multiple Choice
1. A defining characteristic of a knowledge worker serving as a nurse is:
A) consistency.
B) empathy.
C) critical thinking.
D) experience.
Ans: C
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Analysis
2. Knowledge workers recognize that change is:
A) something to be avoided.
B) inevitable in health care.
C) a barrier in many situations.
D) experienced mostly by patients.
Ans: B
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Application
3. Dichotomous thinking limits choices because it means someone is looking at an issue as being:
A) either good or bad.
B) partially right and partially wrong.
C) clearly correct.
D) unfounded.
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 2
Ans: A
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Analysis
4. Which of the following is the best response to the statement that medicine focuses on curing, and
nursing on caring?
A) This is an accurate statement.
B) This statement is simplistic.
C) This statement adds conflict and creates difficulty in conversation.
D) This statement puts nurses in the key role of understanding patients holistically.
Ans: C
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Analysis
5. Which of the following is one of the key issues identified by the American Nurses Association (ANA)
related to a nurse’s knowledge base?
A) Leadership
B) Informatics
C) Research
D) Health literacy
Ans: D
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Recall
6. Which of the following is an example of a routine part of a nurse’s work?
A) Recognizing a lab value that is dangerously low
B) Measuring blood pressure
C) Responding to an emergent situation
D) Paging the healthcare provider to discuss a patient’s pain management
Ans: B
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Recall
7. Which of the following nursing roles is becoming increasingly prominent?
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 2
A) Researcher
B) Change agent
C) Entrepreneur
D) Manager
Ans: C
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Multiple Nursing Roles and Leadership
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Recall
8. What term has been applied to the definition “making sense of a problem”?
A) Sensemaking
B) Clinical reasoning
C) Intuition
D) Groupthink
Ans: A
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Recall
Essay
1. Consider the definition of nursing developed by the American Nurses Association (ANA): “the
protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation
of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of
individuals, families, communities, and populations” (p. 43). Discuss the meaning of any three of the
following terms found in this definition: promotion of health, health, prevention of illness and injury, illness,
injury, diagnosis, treatment, advocacy.
Ans: 1. Promotion of health: Assisting people to maintain their health within their abilities—supporting
families, populations, and communities to maintain a healthy lifestyle. 2. Health: “An experience that is
often expressed in terms of wellness and illness, and may occur in the presence or absence of injury”
(ANA, 2015a, p. 87). 3. Prevention of illness and injury: Interventions taken to keep illness or injury from
occurring—for example, immunization for tetanus or teaching parents to use a car seat. 4. Illness: “The
subjective experience of discomfort” (ANA, 2015a, p. 88). 5. Injury: Harm to the body—for example, a
broken arm due to a fall from a bike. 6. Diagnosis: “A clinical judgment about the patient’s response to
actual or potential health conditions or needs” (ANA, 2015a, p. 86). 7. Treatment: To give care through
interventions—for example, administering medication, teaching patients how to give themselves insulin,
wound care, preparing a patient for surgery, ensuring that the patient is not at risk for an infection, and so
on. 8. Advocacy: The act of pleading for or supporting a course of action on behalf of individuals, families,
communities, and populations—for example, a nurse who works with the city council to improve health
access for a community.
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Nursing: How Do We Define It?
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 1
Import Settings:
Base Settings: Brownstone Default
Information Field: Complexity
Information Field: Ahead
Information Field: Subject
Information Field: Title
Information Field: Taxonomy
Highest Answer Letter: D
Multiple Keywords in Same Paragraph: No
NAS ISBN13: 9781284296457, add to Ahead, Title tags
Chapter: Chapter 01 - Quiz
Multiple Choice
1. In the 1970s, which publication established the connection between social issues and the role of the
nurse?
A) The IOM Report on Medicine
B) The IOM Core Competencies
C) Hospitals, Paternalism, and the Role of the Nurse
D) National Nursing Journal
Ans: C
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: From Past to Present: Nursing History
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Recall
2. What did Isabel Hampton Robb do as the first president of the American Nurses Association?
A) Ensured that vulnerable populations were recognized by nurses
B) Wrote forceful editorials
C) Obtained medical care for mothers and babies in rural America
D) Organized the nursing profession at the national level
Ans: D
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: From Past to Present: Nursing History
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Application
Copyright © 2026 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 1
3. How did the Industrial Revolution affect health care?
A) It brought many more caretakers into the workforce as doctors and nurses.
B) It created crowded workplaces that were breeding grounds for disease.
C) It forced children to become independent at a younger age.
D) It brought about many new public health laws.
Ans: B
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: From Past to Present: Nursing History
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Analysis
4. How did the 1948 Brown report on nursing education change the focus of nursing education?
A) Nursing schools began to view accreditation and standardization as necessary steps for success.
B) Nurses were then required to attend baccalaureate programs.
C) There was a movement toward hospital-based nursing schools.
D) The National League for Nursing was created in response to this report.
Ans: A
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: From Past to Present: Nursing History
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Analysis
5. What does belonging to a professional nursing association do for the nurse?
A) It costs money and time.
B) It allows nurses to be nationally/locally active.
C) It allows lobbyists to have more money.
D) It helps nurses get jobs.
Ans: B
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Professionalism: Critical Professional Concepts and Activities
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Application
6. The standards of practice for the American Nurses Association (ANA) include which of the following?
A) Assessment
B) Crisis management
C) Data recording
D) Rounding practices
Ans: A
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Professionalism: Critical Professional Concepts and Activities
Copyright © 2026 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 1
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Recall
7. What are the public’s views of nursing and nurses are based on?
A) Relationships with other healthcare professionals
B) Word of mouth
C) Personal experiences
D) Recommendation
Ans: C
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: The Image of Nursing
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Recall
Essay
1. Describe how Florence Nightingale influenced the nursing profession in the 1850s.
Ans: Outspoken and classically educated, Nightingale used her upbringing to influence powerful people
and convince them that women could do anything that a man could; she was religious; she organized a
school of nursing because she believed nursing education was vital; and she developed the profession so
it was not seen as containing only subordinate females.
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: From Past to Present: Nursing History
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Recall
2. Describe the recommendations of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing in response to the
health profession’s level of diversity in 2004. Think about the diversity of the healthcare workforce today.
Has anything changed? If so, has it improved or worsened? Use your own experiences in your
description.
Ans: The AACN recommends that schools hire diversity program managers; provide support services to
minority students; provide and support bridging programs from 2-year degrees to 4-year degrees;
enhance admission processes, cultural competence, and minority student recruitment; remove financial
barriers; and increase diversity program funding by Congress. Students can discuss personal
experiences in the workforce today and relate to these recommendations.
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Professionalism: Critical Professional Concepts and Activities
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Analysis
Copyright © 2026 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 1
3. Describe how the definition of nursing has changed over time. What do you think has allowed these
definitions to change?
Ans: Florence Nightingale’s definition was related to caring for someone’s health no matter what, putting
the person “in the best possible condition for nature to act upon him.” Virginia Henderson focused on
doing for the patient what he would do for himself if he were able, and to help him gain independence.
Martha Rogers focused on assisting a human being to achieve maximum health within his or her own
potential. The ANA and the ICN focus on autonomous nurses caring for the protection, promotion, and
optimization of health, all while collaborating with a healthcare team. The role of the nurse, as well as the
role of a woman, has altered this definition over time. The change in culture from a focus on illness to a
focus on health has also been important. Furthermore, teamwork and collaboration among healthcare
providers at all levels have become truly important in the complex healthcare environment.
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Professionalism: Critical Professional Concepts and Activities
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: Professional Nursing: History and Development of the Nursing Profession
Taxonomy: Analysis
Copyright © 2026 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 2
Import Settings:
Base Settings: Brownstone Default
Information Field: Complexity
Information Field: Ahead
Information Field: Subject
Information Field: Title
Information Field: Taxonomy
Highest Answer Letter: D
Multiple Keywords in Same Paragraph: No
NAS ISBN13: 9781284296457, add to Ahead, Title tags
Chapter: Chapter 02 - Quiz
Multiple Choice
1. A defining characteristic of a knowledge worker serving as a nurse is:
A) consistency.
B) empathy.
C) critical thinking.
D) experience.
Ans: C
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Analysis
2. Knowledge workers recognize that change is:
A) something to be avoided.
B) inevitable in health care.
C) a barrier in many situations.
D) experienced mostly by patients.
Ans: B
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Application
3. Dichotomous thinking limits choices because it means someone is looking at an issue as being:
A) either good or bad.
B) partially right and partially wrong.
C) clearly correct.
D) unfounded.
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 2
Ans: A
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Analysis
4. Which of the following is the best response to the statement that medicine focuses on curing, and
nursing on caring?
A) This is an accurate statement.
B) This statement is simplistic.
C) This statement adds conflict and creates difficulty in conversation.
D) This statement puts nurses in the key role of understanding patients holistically.
Ans: C
Complexity: Difficult
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Analysis
5. Which of the following is one of the key issues identified by the American Nurses Association (ANA)
related to a nurse’s knowledge base?
A) Leadership
B) Informatics
C) Research
D) Health literacy
Ans: D
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Recall
6. Which of the following is an example of a routine part of a nurse’s work?
A) Recognizing a lab value that is dangerously low
B) Measuring blood pressure
C) Responding to an emergent situation
D) Paging the healthcare provider to discuss a patient’s pain management
Ans: B
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Recall
7. Which of the following nursing roles is becoming increasingly prominent?
,Professional Nursing Concepts: Competencies for Quality Leadership, Sixth Edition
Anita Finkelman
Chapter Quiz
Chapter 2
A) Researcher
B) Change agent
C) Entrepreneur
D) Manager
Ans: C
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Multiple Nursing Roles and Leadership
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Recall
8. What term has been applied to the definition “making sense of a problem”?
A) Sensemaking
B) Clinical reasoning
C) Intuition
D) Groupthink
Ans: A
Complexity: Easy
Ahead: Knowledge and Caring
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
Taxonomy: Recall
Essay
1. Consider the definition of nursing developed by the American Nurses Association (ANA): “the
protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation
of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of
individuals, families, communities, and populations” (p. 43). Discuss the meaning of any three of the
following terms found in this definition: promotion of health, health, prevention of illness and injury, illness,
injury, diagnosis, treatment, advocacy.
Ans: 1. Promotion of health: Assisting people to maintain their health within their abilities—supporting
families, populations, and communities to maintain a healthy lifestyle. 2. Health: “An experience that is
often expressed in terms of wellness and illness, and may occur in the presence or absence of injury”
(ANA, 2015a, p. 87). 3. Prevention of illness and injury: Interventions taken to keep illness or injury from
occurring—for example, immunization for tetanus or teaching parents to use a car seat. 4. Illness: “The
subjective experience of discomfort” (ANA, 2015a, p. 88). 5. Injury: Harm to the body—for example, a
broken arm due to a fall from a bike. 6. Diagnosis: “A clinical judgment about the patient’s response to
actual or potential health conditions or needs” (ANA, 2015a, p. 86). 7. Treatment: To give care through
interventions—for example, administering medication, teaching patients how to give themselves insulin,
wound care, preparing a patient for surgery, ensuring that the patient is not at risk for an infection, and so
on. 8. Advocacy: The act of pleading for or supporting a course of action on behalf of individuals, families,
communities, and populations—for example, a nurse who works with the city council to improve health
access for a community.
Complexity: Moderate
Ahead: Nursing: How Do We Define It?
Subject: Chapter 2
Title: Knowledge and Caring
