Chapter 01
1. Data acquisition refers to: [Multiple Choice]
a. collecting X-ray transmission readings from the patient. ✔
b. subjecting data to computer processing.
c. changing the data before they are displayed on a monitor.
d. storing the data collected from the patient onto magnetic tapes or disks.
ANS: A
The term data acquisition refers to the collection of X-ray transmission measurements from the patient.
2. CT has been applied to the study of internal log defects and Egyptian mummies. [Multiple Choice]
a. True ✔
b. False
ANS: A
CT can be used for both the study of internal log defects and the study of Egyptian mummies.
3. Gas-ionization detectors (xenon gas) are used in the majority of commercial CT scanners today. [Multiple Choice]
a. True
b. False ✔
ANS: B
Detectors fall into two categories, namely, solid-state detectors (scintillation detectors) and gas-ionization
detectors (xenon gas). While the xenon gas detectors have become obsolete, scintillation detectors have evolved.
4. Isodose curves are a dose descriptor used in reporting radiation doses in CT. [Multiple Choice]
a. True ✔
b. False
ANS: A
Dose descriptors include the single-scan dose profile, multiple-scan dose profile, CTDI, MSAD, and isodose curves.
5. The mathematical techniques used by the computer to reconstruct the CT image are known as: [Multiple Choice]
a. computer programs.
,b. image reconstruction algorithms. ✔
c. manipulation of images.
d. pattern recognition.
ANS: B
After enough transmission measurements have been collected by the detectors, they are sent to the computer
for processing. The computer uses special mathematical techniques to reconstruct the CT image in a finite
number of steps called image reconstruction algorithms.
6. Sectional images are obtained from all of the following except: [Multiple Choice]
a. tomography.
b. transverse axial tomography.
c. conventional radiography. ✔
d. computed tomography (CT).
ANS: C
Conventional radiography cannot obtain sectional images.
7. Processing images by computer is referred to as digital image processing. [Multiple Choice]
a. True ✔
b. False
ANS: A
Digital image processing involves the use of a digital computer to process and manipulate digital images.
8. What contribution did Cormack make to the development of clinical CT? [Multiple Choice]
a. He developed Britain’s first business computer
b. He developed programs to calculate doses to patients
c. He developed the solutions to the mathematical problems in CT ✔
d. He performed a practical reconstruction of an image of the sun
ANS: C
Professor Cormack developed solutions to the mathematical problems in CT.
9. Determining tissue types in CT slices is referred to as volume formation. [Multiple Choice]
,a. True
b. False ✔
ANS: B
Volume formation involves stacking images to form a volume with some preprocessing. Classification refers to
determining the tissue types in the slices.
10. The radiation used by Hounsfield in his original experiments was: [Multiple Choice]
a. gamma rays. ✔
b. X-rays.
c. beta particles.
d. electrons.
ANS: A
The radiation used was from an americium gamma source coupled to a crystal detector.
11. All these elements can be used during data acquisition to reduce patient dose except: [Multiple Choice]
a. combined applications.
b. ultrafast ceramic (UFC) detectors.
c. decreased pitch. ✔
d. online dose modulation.
ANS: C
One scheme uses three elements to keep the patient dose to a minimum during data acquisition: combined
applications to reduce exposure, new UFC detectors, online dose modulation.
12. Which form of imaging primarily uses DSCT scanners? [Multiple Choice]
a. Virtual colonoscopy
b. Cardiac imaging ✔
c. Biopsy procedures
d. Pulmonary imaging
ANS: B
DSCT scanners feature two X-ray tubes and two detectors specifically intended for imaging cardiac patients in a
, very short time.
13. Please match the following CT concepts. All answer selections will be used just once. 3D technique3D
classificationImage reconstructionAnalog to digital converterMSADDetermine tissue types in CT
slicesAlgorithmsCT dose descriptorConverting electrical signals into digital dataSurface-based rendering
14. What form of archiving has proven most popular among CT departments? [Multiple Choice]
a. Film-based recording
b. Optical card
c. Picture archiving and communication system ✔
d. Magnetic tapes
ANS: C
CT departments now operate in a picture archiving and communications systems environment that allows the
flow of CT data and images among devices and people not only in the radiology department but throughout the
hospital as well.
15. The first clinical prototype CT scanner was used to scan a woman patient with a suspected brain lesion.
[Multiple Choice]
a. True ✔
b. False
ANS: A
In 1972, the first patient was scanned by this machine. This patient was a woman with a suspected brain lesion,
and the picture showed clearly in detail a dark circular cyst in the brain.
16. Which acronym has been established by the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) and the accepted
term for use within the radiologic community and major American radiology journals? [Multiple Choice]
a. CAT
b. CT ✔
c. CTAT
d. RT
ANS: B
The term CT was established by the RSNA in its major journal Radiology. In addition, the American Journal of
Roentgenology accepted this term, which has now gained widespread acceptance within the radiologic
community.
1. Data acquisition refers to: [Multiple Choice]
a. collecting X-ray transmission readings from the patient. ✔
b. subjecting data to computer processing.
c. changing the data before they are displayed on a monitor.
d. storing the data collected from the patient onto magnetic tapes or disks.
ANS: A
The term data acquisition refers to the collection of X-ray transmission measurements from the patient.
2. CT has been applied to the study of internal log defects and Egyptian mummies. [Multiple Choice]
a. True ✔
b. False
ANS: A
CT can be used for both the study of internal log defects and the study of Egyptian mummies.
3. Gas-ionization detectors (xenon gas) are used in the majority of commercial CT scanners today. [Multiple Choice]
a. True
b. False ✔
ANS: B
Detectors fall into two categories, namely, solid-state detectors (scintillation detectors) and gas-ionization
detectors (xenon gas). While the xenon gas detectors have become obsolete, scintillation detectors have evolved.
4. Isodose curves are a dose descriptor used in reporting radiation doses in CT. [Multiple Choice]
a. True ✔
b. False
ANS: A
Dose descriptors include the single-scan dose profile, multiple-scan dose profile, CTDI, MSAD, and isodose curves.
5. The mathematical techniques used by the computer to reconstruct the CT image are known as: [Multiple Choice]
a. computer programs.
,b. image reconstruction algorithms. ✔
c. manipulation of images.
d. pattern recognition.
ANS: B
After enough transmission measurements have been collected by the detectors, they are sent to the computer
for processing. The computer uses special mathematical techniques to reconstruct the CT image in a finite
number of steps called image reconstruction algorithms.
6. Sectional images are obtained from all of the following except: [Multiple Choice]
a. tomography.
b. transverse axial tomography.
c. conventional radiography. ✔
d. computed tomography (CT).
ANS: C
Conventional radiography cannot obtain sectional images.
7. Processing images by computer is referred to as digital image processing. [Multiple Choice]
a. True ✔
b. False
ANS: A
Digital image processing involves the use of a digital computer to process and manipulate digital images.
8. What contribution did Cormack make to the development of clinical CT? [Multiple Choice]
a. He developed Britain’s first business computer
b. He developed programs to calculate doses to patients
c. He developed the solutions to the mathematical problems in CT ✔
d. He performed a practical reconstruction of an image of the sun
ANS: C
Professor Cormack developed solutions to the mathematical problems in CT.
9. Determining tissue types in CT slices is referred to as volume formation. [Multiple Choice]
,a. True
b. False ✔
ANS: B
Volume formation involves stacking images to form a volume with some preprocessing. Classification refers to
determining the tissue types in the slices.
10. The radiation used by Hounsfield in his original experiments was: [Multiple Choice]
a. gamma rays. ✔
b. X-rays.
c. beta particles.
d. electrons.
ANS: A
The radiation used was from an americium gamma source coupled to a crystal detector.
11. All these elements can be used during data acquisition to reduce patient dose except: [Multiple Choice]
a. combined applications.
b. ultrafast ceramic (UFC) detectors.
c. decreased pitch. ✔
d. online dose modulation.
ANS: C
One scheme uses three elements to keep the patient dose to a minimum during data acquisition: combined
applications to reduce exposure, new UFC detectors, online dose modulation.
12. Which form of imaging primarily uses DSCT scanners? [Multiple Choice]
a. Virtual colonoscopy
b. Cardiac imaging ✔
c. Biopsy procedures
d. Pulmonary imaging
ANS: B
DSCT scanners feature two X-ray tubes and two detectors specifically intended for imaging cardiac patients in a
, very short time.
13. Please match the following CT concepts. All answer selections will be used just once. 3D technique3D
classificationImage reconstructionAnalog to digital converterMSADDetermine tissue types in CT
slicesAlgorithmsCT dose descriptorConverting electrical signals into digital dataSurface-based rendering
14. What form of archiving has proven most popular among CT departments? [Multiple Choice]
a. Film-based recording
b. Optical card
c. Picture archiving and communication system ✔
d. Magnetic tapes
ANS: C
CT departments now operate in a picture archiving and communications systems environment that allows the
flow of CT data and images among devices and people not only in the radiology department but throughout the
hospital as well.
15. The first clinical prototype CT scanner was used to scan a woman patient with a suspected brain lesion.
[Multiple Choice]
a. True ✔
b. False
ANS: A
In 1972, the first patient was scanned by this machine. This patient was a woman with a suspected brain lesion,
and the picture showed clearly in detail a dark circular cyst in the brain.
16. Which acronym has been established by the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) and the accepted
term for use within the radiologic community and major American radiology journals? [Multiple Choice]
a. CAT
b. CT ✔
c. CTAT
d. RT
ANS: B
The term CT was established by the RSNA in its major journal Radiology. In addition, the American Journal of
Roentgenology accepted this term, which has now gained widespread acceptance within the radiologic
community.
