Test Bank - Chapter 01
1. Only about _______ of the world’s land area is suitable for production of foods that can be directly consumed
by humans. [Multiple Choice]
a. 6%
b. 11% ✔
c. 16%
d. 21%
ANS: B
Foods that cannot be directly consumed by humans are considered to be “waste material,” yet are suitable for
livestock, accounting for about 75% of energy intake by ruminants and 30% by nonruminants.
Foods that cannot be directly consumed by humans are considered to be “waste material,” yet are suitable for
livestock, accounting for about 75% of energy intake by ruminants and 30% by nonruminants.
2. Farmers and ranchers comprise less than 1% of the U.S. population, but they produce approximately ______ of
the world’s meat and ______ of the world’s fluid milk. [Multiple Choice]
a. 22%, 32% ✔
b. 12%, 22%
c. 15%, 40%
d. 40%, 25%
ANS: A
The United States is the world’s largest exporter of agricultural products.
The United States is the world’s largest exporter of agricultural products.
3. The U.S. state that leads the nation in the production of beef cattle is ________ and of dairy products is
________. [Multiple Choice]
a. Kansas, New York
b. Nebraska, Wisconsin
c. Iowa, Idaho
d. Texas, California ✔
,ANS: D
Nebraska and Wisconsin rank second in production of beef cattle and dairy products, respectively. Kansas and
New York rank third in their respective categories, and Iowa and Idaho rank fourth.
Nebraska and Wisconsin rank second in production of beef cattle and dairy products, respectively. Kansas and
New York rank third in their respective categories, and Iowa and Idaho rank fourth.
4. Modern-day livestock producers lose ____________ of their incomes to parasites, toxins, and diseases affecting
their animals. [Multiple Choice]
a. Less than 5%
b. 5% to 10%
c. 15% to 20% ✔
d. More than 20%
ANS: C
Only 10% of all livestock producers currently use effective disease prevention practices.
Only 10% of all livestock producers currently use effective disease prevention practices.
5. The most common type of housing for dairy cows, which provides cleaner environments, less bedding expense,
fewer space requirements, and fewer teat and udder injuries is the [Multiple Choice]
a. Pasture
b. Parlor
c. Dry lot
d. Free stall barn ✔
ANS: D
In free stall barns, cows can move anywhere they wish throughout the pen and typically are equipped with
bedded areas where the cows can lie down. A dry lot is a feedlot. When housed in dry lots or on pasture, the cows
are brought inside only for milking. A parlor is where the cows are milked, an area separate from their housing.
In free stall barns, cows can move anywhere they wish throughout the pen and typically are equipped with
bedded areas where the cows can lie down. A dry lot is a feedlot. When housed in dry lots or on pasture, the cows
are brought inside only for milking. A parlor is where the cows are milked, an area separate from their housing.
6. Cows should not be confined in a holding pen for more than ________ before milking. [Multiple Choice]
a. 30 minutes
,b. 1 hour
c. 2 hours ✔
d. 4 hours
ANS: C
Cows left in the holding area for more than 2 hours tend to become stressed, which leads to decreased milk
production.
Cows left in the holding area for more than 2 hours tend to become stressed, which leads to decreased milk
production.
7. Virtually all septic mastitis in the cow occurs when [Multiple Choice]
a. Bacteria ascend the streak canal ✔
b. Bacteria infect a mammary gland via the bloodstream
c. Chlorine is used for the post dip
d. The entire udder is not washed before milking
ANS: A
The streak canal is the teat orifice, which must remain open during milking, thus providing a route for bacteria to
enter the mammary gland. Despite common belief, mastitis does not occur by seeding of the mammary gland
through the blood. Chlorine is a disinfectant commonly used to clean the teats both before and after milking. The
entire udder should never be washed in preparation for milking, only the teats.
The streak canal is the teat orifice, which must remain open during milking, thus providing a route for bacteria to
enter the mammary gland. Despite common belief, mastitis does not occur by seeding of the mammary gland
through the blood. Chlorine is a disinfectant commonly used to clean the teats both before and after milking. The
entire udder should never be washed in preparation for milking, only the teats.
8. During which phase of the lactation cycle would ketosis commonly be seen in a freshened cow? [Multiple Choice]
a. Phase one ✔
b. Phase two
c. Phase three
d. Phase four
ANS: A
Freshening (“calving”) marks the beginning of phase one. Metabolic diseases are common during this phase, often
due to high demands placed on the cow to rapidly increase milk production, which often leads to a decrease in
, body weight and energy reserves. During phase two, feed intake adequately matches milk production levels, and
lost weight is regained. In phase three, dry matter consumption declines as the cow’s milk production declines.
During phase four (the “dry phase”), provision of good nutrition will ensure a proper body condition score at the
next calving, thereby helping to prevent disease during the next lactation cycle.
Freshening (“calving”) marks the beginning of phase one. Metabolic diseases are common during this phase, often
due to high demands placed on the cow to rapidly increase milk production, which often leads to a decrease in
body weight and energy reserves. During phase two, feed intake adequately matches milk production levels, and
lost weight is regained. In phase three, dry matter consumption declines as the cow’s milk production declines.
During phase four (the “dry phase”), provision of good nutrition will ensure a proper body condition score at the
next calving, thereby helping to prevent disease during the next lactation cycle.
9. Cows typically are rebred during _________ of the lactation cycle. [Multiple Choice]
a. Phase one ✔
b. Phase two
c. Phase three
d. Phase four
ANS: A
Phase one lasts 10 to 12 weeks. Cows typically are rebred around 50 to 60 days after calving.
Phase one lasts 10 to 12 weeks. Cows typically are rebred around 50 to 60 days after calving.
10. During which of the milk processing steps are the fat globules broken down, thereby preventing creaming?
[Multiple Choice]
a. Pasteurization
b. Tri-process separation
c. Homogenization ✔
d. Fortification
ANS: C
During the first step, milk goes through a tri-process separator, which separates, standardizes, and clarifies the
milk. This is followed by pasteurization, during which the milk is heated in order to destroy bacteria.
Homogenization is followed by fortification, such as the adding of vitamins.
During the first step, milk goes through a tri-process separator, which separates, standardizes, and clarifies the
milk. This is followed by pasteurization, during which the milk is heated in order to destroy bacteria.
Homogenization is followed by fortification, such as the adding of vitamins.
1. Only about _______ of the world’s land area is suitable for production of foods that can be directly consumed
by humans. [Multiple Choice]
a. 6%
b. 11% ✔
c. 16%
d. 21%
ANS: B
Foods that cannot be directly consumed by humans are considered to be “waste material,” yet are suitable for
livestock, accounting for about 75% of energy intake by ruminants and 30% by nonruminants.
Foods that cannot be directly consumed by humans are considered to be “waste material,” yet are suitable for
livestock, accounting for about 75% of energy intake by ruminants and 30% by nonruminants.
2. Farmers and ranchers comprise less than 1% of the U.S. population, but they produce approximately ______ of
the world’s meat and ______ of the world’s fluid milk. [Multiple Choice]
a. 22%, 32% ✔
b. 12%, 22%
c. 15%, 40%
d. 40%, 25%
ANS: A
The United States is the world’s largest exporter of agricultural products.
The United States is the world’s largest exporter of agricultural products.
3. The U.S. state that leads the nation in the production of beef cattle is ________ and of dairy products is
________. [Multiple Choice]
a. Kansas, New York
b. Nebraska, Wisconsin
c. Iowa, Idaho
d. Texas, California ✔
,ANS: D
Nebraska and Wisconsin rank second in production of beef cattle and dairy products, respectively. Kansas and
New York rank third in their respective categories, and Iowa and Idaho rank fourth.
Nebraska and Wisconsin rank second in production of beef cattle and dairy products, respectively. Kansas and
New York rank third in their respective categories, and Iowa and Idaho rank fourth.
4. Modern-day livestock producers lose ____________ of their incomes to parasites, toxins, and diseases affecting
their animals. [Multiple Choice]
a. Less than 5%
b. 5% to 10%
c. 15% to 20% ✔
d. More than 20%
ANS: C
Only 10% of all livestock producers currently use effective disease prevention practices.
Only 10% of all livestock producers currently use effective disease prevention practices.
5. The most common type of housing for dairy cows, which provides cleaner environments, less bedding expense,
fewer space requirements, and fewer teat and udder injuries is the [Multiple Choice]
a. Pasture
b. Parlor
c. Dry lot
d. Free stall barn ✔
ANS: D
In free stall barns, cows can move anywhere they wish throughout the pen and typically are equipped with
bedded areas where the cows can lie down. A dry lot is a feedlot. When housed in dry lots or on pasture, the cows
are brought inside only for milking. A parlor is where the cows are milked, an area separate from their housing.
In free stall barns, cows can move anywhere they wish throughout the pen and typically are equipped with
bedded areas where the cows can lie down. A dry lot is a feedlot. When housed in dry lots or on pasture, the cows
are brought inside only for milking. A parlor is where the cows are milked, an area separate from their housing.
6. Cows should not be confined in a holding pen for more than ________ before milking. [Multiple Choice]
a. 30 minutes
,b. 1 hour
c. 2 hours ✔
d. 4 hours
ANS: C
Cows left in the holding area for more than 2 hours tend to become stressed, which leads to decreased milk
production.
Cows left in the holding area for more than 2 hours tend to become stressed, which leads to decreased milk
production.
7. Virtually all septic mastitis in the cow occurs when [Multiple Choice]
a. Bacteria ascend the streak canal ✔
b. Bacteria infect a mammary gland via the bloodstream
c. Chlorine is used for the post dip
d. The entire udder is not washed before milking
ANS: A
The streak canal is the teat orifice, which must remain open during milking, thus providing a route for bacteria to
enter the mammary gland. Despite common belief, mastitis does not occur by seeding of the mammary gland
through the blood. Chlorine is a disinfectant commonly used to clean the teats both before and after milking. The
entire udder should never be washed in preparation for milking, only the teats.
The streak canal is the teat orifice, which must remain open during milking, thus providing a route for bacteria to
enter the mammary gland. Despite common belief, mastitis does not occur by seeding of the mammary gland
through the blood. Chlorine is a disinfectant commonly used to clean the teats both before and after milking. The
entire udder should never be washed in preparation for milking, only the teats.
8. During which phase of the lactation cycle would ketosis commonly be seen in a freshened cow? [Multiple Choice]
a. Phase one ✔
b. Phase two
c. Phase three
d. Phase four
ANS: A
Freshening (“calving”) marks the beginning of phase one. Metabolic diseases are common during this phase, often
due to high demands placed on the cow to rapidly increase milk production, which often leads to a decrease in
, body weight and energy reserves. During phase two, feed intake adequately matches milk production levels, and
lost weight is regained. In phase three, dry matter consumption declines as the cow’s milk production declines.
During phase four (the “dry phase”), provision of good nutrition will ensure a proper body condition score at the
next calving, thereby helping to prevent disease during the next lactation cycle.
Freshening (“calving”) marks the beginning of phase one. Metabolic diseases are common during this phase, often
due to high demands placed on the cow to rapidly increase milk production, which often leads to a decrease in
body weight and energy reserves. During phase two, feed intake adequately matches milk production levels, and
lost weight is regained. In phase three, dry matter consumption declines as the cow’s milk production declines.
During phase four (the “dry phase”), provision of good nutrition will ensure a proper body condition score at the
next calving, thereby helping to prevent disease during the next lactation cycle.
9. Cows typically are rebred during _________ of the lactation cycle. [Multiple Choice]
a. Phase one ✔
b. Phase two
c. Phase three
d. Phase four
ANS: A
Phase one lasts 10 to 12 weeks. Cows typically are rebred around 50 to 60 days after calving.
Phase one lasts 10 to 12 weeks. Cows typically are rebred around 50 to 60 days after calving.
10. During which of the milk processing steps are the fat globules broken down, thereby preventing creaming?
[Multiple Choice]
a. Pasteurization
b. Tri-process separation
c. Homogenization ✔
d. Fortification
ANS: C
During the first step, milk goes through a tri-process separator, which separates, standardizes, and clarifies the
milk. This is followed by pasteurization, during which the milk is heated in order to destroy bacteria.
Homogenization is followed by fortification, such as the adding of vitamins.
During the first step, milk goes through a tri-process separator, which separates, standardizes, and clarifies the
milk. This is followed by pasteurization, during which the milk is heated in order to destroy bacteria.
Homogenization is followed by fortification, such as the adding of vitamins.
