International
Law Exam 1
Questions and
Answers Updated
2026
InternationalBLawB-
BAnswerBABcomplexBsetBofBtreatiesBandBcustomaryBpracticesBthatBgovernBstateBbeha
vior,BtheBuseBofBforce,BprotectsBstateBsovereignty,BhumanBrights,BglobalBpublicBhealth,
BandBtheBregulationsBofBtheBoceans,Bskies,Bspace,BandBallBotherBglobalBcommons
ThucydidesB-BAnswerBMelianBDialogueBholdsBtheBrootsBofBclassicalBrealism
FormsBbasisBforBhowBrealistsBthinkBaboutBIL
AnBaccountBofBtheBPeloponnesianBWarB(416BBC)B-BAthensBandBSpartans
AllBthatBmattersBisBmaterialBpowerB-
BMeliansBdidn'tBjoinBAtheniansBandBtheirBcivilizationBwasBdestroyed
Melians'BfourBappealsBtoBAthensB-BAnswerB1)Bneutrality
2)B(ethnicBkinship)BifByouBattackBus,BSpartaBwillBattackByou
3)BILBshouldBbeBrespected
4)BGods
E.H.BCarrB-BAnswerBTheBTwentyBYears'BCrisisB(1919-1939)-BinterwarBperiod
InternationalBsystemBattemptedBtoBrestrainBtheBworstBinBstatesBthroughBlaw
,FaithBinBtheBLeagueBofBNationsBactuallyBbackfiredBandBcausedBanotherBwar
BlindBtrustBinBinstitutionalismBisBatBbestBdangerousBandBatBworstBcatastrophic
HansBMorgenthauB-BAnswerBagreesBwithBCarr
ILBisBaBprimitiveBformBofBlaw,BcallsBitB"utopian"
AgreesBthatBinstitutionsBmayBbeBobeyed,BbutBthatBdoesBnotBmeanBthatBILBisBeffectiv
eB-BbecauseBit'sBdecentralizedBandBanarchicB(noBsuchBthingBasBaBworldBgovernment)
AlwaysBwillBbeBinferiorBtoBdomesticBlaw
GeorgeBKennanB-BAnswerBNationalBinterestBshouldBformBpolicy,BnotBlaw
PowerBrelationshipsBdetermineBoutcomesB(agreesBwithBThucydides)
DoesBnotBmatterBifBstatesBcomply,BonlyBpowerBmatters
BlamesBconceptBofB"totalBvictory"B-
BitBhasBgivenBriseBtoB"totalBwar"B(whyBmoralityBisBbadBinBIR)
BeliefBinBinstitutionsBgaveBriseBtoBtotalBvictory,BwhichBinBturnBcausedBwarB(exactlyBw
hatBwasBnotBintended)
OnlyBnationalBinterestBandBbalanceBofBpowerBshouldBinfluenceBFP
UtopianBForeignBPolicyBtraditionsB-BAnswerBBelievesBthatBhumanBnatureBisBgood
USABdoesBthingsBforBgood,BhumanitarianB
PossibleBtoBestablishBaBmoral-politicalBorderBthroughBlawsBandBinstitutions
WoodrowBWilson
CanBregulateBtheBworstBofBstatesBthroughBregulations
MorgenthauBcallsBthisBcomparableBtoB"fascism"
RealistBForeignBPolicyBTraditionsB-BAnswerBMorgenthauB
StatesBmakeBbadBdecisionBbecauseBpeopleBmakeBbadBdecisions
NationalBinterest/security
NoBideologyBorBmoralityBinvolved
, StructuralBRealismB(assumptionsBandBviewsBonBIL)B-
BAnswerBAssumptions:BstatesBwantBpowerBforBnationalBsecurity,BgoalBisBsurvival,Boutc
omeBinBinternationalBsystemBisBalwaysBtragedyBbecauseBeveryoneBisBworkingBforBsurv
ival,BstateBpreferencesBareBfixed,BpowerBisBzero-
sumB(myBlossBisByourBgain,BviceBversa)
ViewBonBILB-
BstatesBwillBonlyBcomplyBifBit'sBinBtheirBnationalBinterest,BandBwillBleaveBasBsoonBasB
itBconflictsB(epiphenomenal)
LiberalBInstitutionalismB-
BAnswerBAroseBasBaBresponseBtoBrealismBandBretainsBsomeBstructuralBrealistBassump
tionsBaboutBsignificanceBofBpower,Banarchy,BandBstate-
centrism,BbutBhadBidealistBviewBofBlaws,Brules,BandBinstitutions
StatesBcanBmakeBbetterBdecisionsBwithBmoreBinformation
StatesBassumeBtheBworstBbecauseBofBtheBuncertaintyBcausedBbyBlackBofBinformationB
available
InstitutionsBcanBprovideBthatBmissingBinformationB"lengthenBshadowBofBtheBfuture"
ActBasBanBinterveningBvariableBonBbadBstateBbehavior
ConstructivismB-BAnswerBInternationalBsystemBisBaBsocialBsystem
TwoBclaims:B1)BmaterialBfactsBonlyBhaveBmeaningBwhenByouBaddBideasBandBidentity,
BandB2)BtheBinternationalBsystemBisBoneBofBmutualBconstitutionalism
OnBILB-BlegitimacyBexertsBaB"complianceBpull"BonBstates
ILBsetsBstructureBforBstates,BevenBifBthat'sBbroken,BitBstillBaffectsBstateBidentityBandBt
hereforeBbehavior
StatesBseeBthemselvesBasBlegallyBcompliantBentities
StatesBareBtaughtBhowBtoBbehaveBbecauseBofBlaw,BnotBjustBbyBpower
StatesBconstructBrulesBthroughBtheirBmutualBinteractions
Law Exam 1
Questions and
Answers Updated
2026
InternationalBLawB-
BAnswerBABcomplexBsetBofBtreatiesBandBcustomaryBpracticesBthatBgovernBstateBbeha
vior,BtheBuseBofBforce,BprotectsBstateBsovereignty,BhumanBrights,BglobalBpublicBhealth,
BandBtheBregulationsBofBtheBoceans,Bskies,Bspace,BandBallBotherBglobalBcommons
ThucydidesB-BAnswerBMelianBDialogueBholdsBtheBrootsBofBclassicalBrealism
FormsBbasisBforBhowBrealistsBthinkBaboutBIL
AnBaccountBofBtheBPeloponnesianBWarB(416BBC)B-BAthensBandBSpartans
AllBthatBmattersBisBmaterialBpowerB-
BMeliansBdidn'tBjoinBAtheniansBandBtheirBcivilizationBwasBdestroyed
Melians'BfourBappealsBtoBAthensB-BAnswerB1)Bneutrality
2)B(ethnicBkinship)BifByouBattackBus,BSpartaBwillBattackByou
3)BILBshouldBbeBrespected
4)BGods
E.H.BCarrB-BAnswerBTheBTwentyBYears'BCrisisB(1919-1939)-BinterwarBperiod
InternationalBsystemBattemptedBtoBrestrainBtheBworstBinBstatesBthroughBlaw
,FaithBinBtheBLeagueBofBNationsBactuallyBbackfiredBandBcausedBanotherBwar
BlindBtrustBinBinstitutionalismBisBatBbestBdangerousBandBatBworstBcatastrophic
HansBMorgenthauB-BAnswerBagreesBwithBCarr
ILBisBaBprimitiveBformBofBlaw,BcallsBitB"utopian"
AgreesBthatBinstitutionsBmayBbeBobeyed,BbutBthatBdoesBnotBmeanBthatBILBisBeffectiv
eB-BbecauseBit'sBdecentralizedBandBanarchicB(noBsuchBthingBasBaBworldBgovernment)
AlwaysBwillBbeBinferiorBtoBdomesticBlaw
GeorgeBKennanB-BAnswerBNationalBinterestBshouldBformBpolicy,BnotBlaw
PowerBrelationshipsBdetermineBoutcomesB(agreesBwithBThucydides)
DoesBnotBmatterBifBstatesBcomply,BonlyBpowerBmatters
BlamesBconceptBofB"totalBvictory"B-
BitBhasBgivenBriseBtoB"totalBwar"B(whyBmoralityBisBbadBinBIR)
BeliefBinBinstitutionsBgaveBriseBtoBtotalBvictory,BwhichBinBturnBcausedBwarB(exactlyBw
hatBwasBnotBintended)
OnlyBnationalBinterestBandBbalanceBofBpowerBshouldBinfluenceBFP
UtopianBForeignBPolicyBtraditionsB-BAnswerBBelievesBthatBhumanBnatureBisBgood
USABdoesBthingsBforBgood,BhumanitarianB
PossibleBtoBestablishBaBmoral-politicalBorderBthroughBlawsBandBinstitutions
WoodrowBWilson
CanBregulateBtheBworstBofBstatesBthroughBregulations
MorgenthauBcallsBthisBcomparableBtoB"fascism"
RealistBForeignBPolicyBTraditionsB-BAnswerBMorgenthauB
StatesBmakeBbadBdecisionBbecauseBpeopleBmakeBbadBdecisions
NationalBinterest/security
NoBideologyBorBmoralityBinvolved
, StructuralBRealismB(assumptionsBandBviewsBonBIL)B-
BAnswerBAssumptions:BstatesBwantBpowerBforBnationalBsecurity,BgoalBisBsurvival,Boutc
omeBinBinternationalBsystemBisBalwaysBtragedyBbecauseBeveryoneBisBworkingBforBsurv
ival,BstateBpreferencesBareBfixed,BpowerBisBzero-
sumB(myBlossBisByourBgain,BviceBversa)
ViewBonBILB-
BstatesBwillBonlyBcomplyBifBit'sBinBtheirBnationalBinterest,BandBwillBleaveBasBsoonBasB
itBconflictsB(epiphenomenal)
LiberalBInstitutionalismB-
BAnswerBAroseBasBaBresponseBtoBrealismBandBretainsBsomeBstructuralBrealistBassump
tionsBaboutBsignificanceBofBpower,Banarchy,BandBstate-
centrism,BbutBhadBidealistBviewBofBlaws,Brules,BandBinstitutions
StatesBcanBmakeBbetterBdecisionsBwithBmoreBinformation
StatesBassumeBtheBworstBbecauseBofBtheBuncertaintyBcausedBbyBlackBofBinformationB
available
InstitutionsBcanBprovideBthatBmissingBinformationB"lengthenBshadowBofBtheBfuture"
ActBasBanBinterveningBvariableBonBbadBstateBbehavior
ConstructivismB-BAnswerBInternationalBsystemBisBaBsocialBsystem
TwoBclaims:B1)BmaterialBfactsBonlyBhaveBmeaningBwhenByouBaddBideasBandBidentity,
BandB2)BtheBinternationalBsystemBisBoneBofBmutualBconstitutionalism
OnBILB-BlegitimacyBexertsBaB"complianceBpull"BonBstates
ILBsetsBstructureBforBstates,BevenBifBthat'sBbroken,BitBstillBaffectsBstateBidentityBandBt
hereforeBbehavior
StatesBseeBthemselvesBasBlegallyBcompliantBentities
StatesBareBtaughtBhowBtoBbehaveBbecauseBofBlaw,BnotBjustBbyBpower
StatesBconstructBrulesBthroughBtheirBmutualBinteractions