NUR 257 (Exams 1–4) Complete Full Course Study
Bundle
ABOUT NUR 257 – Concepts of Aging and Chronic Illness
NUR 257 focuses on Concepts of Aging and Chronic Illness (Galen College) or
Medical-Surgical Nursing II (ECPI University) . Core topics include chronic
condition management, geriatric care, end-of-life care, HIV/AIDS, elder abuse,
grief, wellness promotion, and complex nursing interventions .
---
# SECTION 1: EXAM 1 – FOUNDATIONS OF AGING & CHRONIC ILLNESS
Diabetes Mellitus Fundamentals
Question 1
In the United States, more than ________ people have diabetes mellitus.
A) 10 million
B) 34.2 million
C) 50 million
D) 100 million
Correct Answer: B
1
,Rationale: According to current CDC data, over 34.2 million people in the United
States have diabetes mellitus, representing approximately 10.5% of the population .
Question 2
Type 1 Diabetes is considered an autoimmune disorder that occurs early in life.
A) True
B) False
Correct Answer: A (True)
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta
cells. While it often presents in childhood or adolescence, it can occur at any age .
Question 3
Insulin binding to its receptor on target cells results in:
A) Decreased glucose uptake
B) Increased facilitated cellular diffusion of glucose
C) Increased glycogen breakdown
D) Decreased protein synthesis
Correct Answer: B
2
,Rationale: Insulin binds to receptors on target cells, triggering a cascade that
increases facilitated diffusion of glucose into cells, lowering blood glucose levels .
Question 4
Hyperglycemia in an older adult with type 2 diabetes could cause which
complications?
A) Only microvascular complications
B) Only macrovascular complications
C) Both microvascular and macrovascular complications
D) No complications if well controlled
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic hyperglycemia damages both microvascular (retinopathy,
nephropathy, neuropathy) and macrovascular (CAD, PAD, stroke) systems. Tight
glucose control reduces these risks .
Question 5
Antipsychotic medications are associated with metabolic syndrome including:
A) Decreased appetite only
B) Insulin resistance, weight gain, hyperglycemia, and pancreatic effects
C) Weight loss only
3
, D) No metabolic effects
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antipsychotics are associated with metabolic syndrome including
insulin resistance, weight gain, hyperglycemia, and potential pancreatic effects.
Decreased appetite is not typical; these drugs often increase appetite .
---
Diabetic Emergencies
Question 6
If a patient with type 2 diabetes has a blood sugar of 44 mg/dL, the best action
would be to:
A) Call the provider immediately
B) Offer the patient a quick-acting carbohydrate (orange juice)
C) Offer the patient an apple
D) Administer insulin
Correct Answer: B
4
Bundle
ABOUT NUR 257 – Concepts of Aging and Chronic Illness
NUR 257 focuses on Concepts of Aging and Chronic Illness (Galen College) or
Medical-Surgical Nursing II (ECPI University) . Core topics include chronic
condition management, geriatric care, end-of-life care, HIV/AIDS, elder abuse,
grief, wellness promotion, and complex nursing interventions .
---
# SECTION 1: EXAM 1 – FOUNDATIONS OF AGING & CHRONIC ILLNESS
Diabetes Mellitus Fundamentals
Question 1
In the United States, more than ________ people have diabetes mellitus.
A) 10 million
B) 34.2 million
C) 50 million
D) 100 million
Correct Answer: B
1
,Rationale: According to current CDC data, over 34.2 million people in the United
States have diabetes mellitus, representing approximately 10.5% of the population .
Question 2
Type 1 Diabetes is considered an autoimmune disorder that occurs early in life.
A) True
B) False
Correct Answer: A (True)
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta
cells. While it often presents in childhood or adolescence, it can occur at any age .
Question 3
Insulin binding to its receptor on target cells results in:
A) Decreased glucose uptake
B) Increased facilitated cellular diffusion of glucose
C) Increased glycogen breakdown
D) Decreased protein synthesis
Correct Answer: B
2
,Rationale: Insulin binds to receptors on target cells, triggering a cascade that
increases facilitated diffusion of glucose into cells, lowering blood glucose levels .
Question 4
Hyperglycemia in an older adult with type 2 diabetes could cause which
complications?
A) Only microvascular complications
B) Only macrovascular complications
C) Both microvascular and macrovascular complications
D) No complications if well controlled
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic hyperglycemia damages both microvascular (retinopathy,
nephropathy, neuropathy) and macrovascular (CAD, PAD, stroke) systems. Tight
glucose control reduces these risks .
Question 5
Antipsychotic medications are associated with metabolic syndrome including:
A) Decreased appetite only
B) Insulin resistance, weight gain, hyperglycemia, and pancreatic effects
C) Weight loss only
3
, D) No metabolic effects
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antipsychotics are associated with metabolic syndrome including
insulin resistance, weight gain, hyperglycemia, and potential pancreatic effects.
Decreased appetite is not typical; these drugs often increase appetite .
---
Diabetic Emergencies
Question 6
If a patient with type 2 diabetes has a blood sugar of 44 mg/dL, the best action
would be to:
A) Call the provider immediately
B) Offer the patient a quick-acting carbohydrate (orange juice)
C) Offer the patient an apple
D) Administer insulin
Correct Answer: B
4
