NSG 240 Fundamentals Exam 1 Study Guide
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
SECTION 1: PATIENT EDUCATION & HEALTH LITERACY (Questions 1-10)
Question 1
How would you do patient teaching in a way to better educate your patient?
A) Use medical terminology to ensure accuracy
B) Speak quickly to cover all material
C) Use the patient teach-back method, speak in simple terms, and explain slowly
D) Provide written materials only
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Effective patient teaching involves the teach-back method (asking
patients to repeat instructions in their own words), using plain language instead of
medical jargon, and speaking slowly to enhance comprehension .
1
,Question 2
If a patient is newly diagnosed with COPD, how would you assess their health
literacy?
A) Assume they understand because they are adults
B) Ask only about their smoking history
C) Assess their cognitive level, willingness to learn, knowledge of the disease,
support system, and personal health values/beliefs
D) Provide a pamphlet and ask if they have questions
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Health literacy assessment for a newly diagnosed COPD patient
includes evaluating cognitive level, willingness to learn, existing knowledge of the
disease, support system/motivation, and personal health values related to religion
and beliefs .
Question 3
What is patient advocacy?
A) Telling the patient what to do
2
,B) Voicing what the patient wishes and respecting the patient's desires (e.g., DNR
status)
C) Making decisions for the patient
D) Following hospital policies regardless of patient preference
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Client advocacy involves speaking on behalf of the patient's wishes
and respecting their desires, including advance directives such as DNR status .
Question 4
What is an incident report?
A) A routine nursing note
B) A detailed, written account of an adverse event (e.g., medication error, patient
fall)
C) A disciplinary action form
D) A patient satisfaction survey
Correct Answer: B
3
, Explanation: An incident report is a detailed, written account of an adverse event
such as a medication error, patient fall, or other unexpected occurrence. It is used
for quality improvement, not disciplinary action, and is not part of the patient's
medical record .
SECTION 2: ETHICAL & LEGAL PRINCIPLES (Questions 5-15)
Question 5
What is maleficence?
A) Obligation to act for the benefit of the patient
B) Treatment of patients fairly and equitably
C) Deliberate infliction of a negative act or effect on another individual/group
D) Telling the truth
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Maleficence is the deliberate infliction of a negative act or effect on
another individual or group. It is the opposite of beneficence, which is the
obligation to act for the benefit of the patient .
4
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
SECTION 1: PATIENT EDUCATION & HEALTH LITERACY (Questions 1-10)
Question 1
How would you do patient teaching in a way to better educate your patient?
A) Use medical terminology to ensure accuracy
B) Speak quickly to cover all material
C) Use the patient teach-back method, speak in simple terms, and explain slowly
D) Provide written materials only
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Effective patient teaching involves the teach-back method (asking
patients to repeat instructions in their own words), using plain language instead of
medical jargon, and speaking slowly to enhance comprehension .
1
,Question 2
If a patient is newly diagnosed with COPD, how would you assess their health
literacy?
A) Assume they understand because they are adults
B) Ask only about their smoking history
C) Assess their cognitive level, willingness to learn, knowledge of the disease,
support system, and personal health values/beliefs
D) Provide a pamphlet and ask if they have questions
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Health literacy assessment for a newly diagnosed COPD patient
includes evaluating cognitive level, willingness to learn, existing knowledge of the
disease, support system/motivation, and personal health values related to religion
and beliefs .
Question 3
What is patient advocacy?
A) Telling the patient what to do
2
,B) Voicing what the patient wishes and respecting the patient's desires (e.g., DNR
status)
C) Making decisions for the patient
D) Following hospital policies regardless of patient preference
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Client advocacy involves speaking on behalf of the patient's wishes
and respecting their desires, including advance directives such as DNR status .
Question 4
What is an incident report?
A) A routine nursing note
B) A detailed, written account of an adverse event (e.g., medication error, patient
fall)
C) A disciplinary action form
D) A patient satisfaction survey
Correct Answer: B
3
, Explanation: An incident report is a detailed, written account of an adverse event
such as a medication error, patient fall, or other unexpected occurrence. It is used
for quality improvement, not disciplinary action, and is not part of the patient's
medical record .
SECTION 2: ETHICAL & LEGAL PRINCIPLES (Questions 5-15)
Question 5
What is maleficence?
A) Obligation to act for the benefit of the patient
B) Treatment of patients fairly and equitably
C) Deliberate infliction of a negative act or effect on another individual/group
D) Telling the truth
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Maleficence is the deliberate infliction of a negative act or effect on
another individual or group. It is the opposite of beneficence, which is the
obligation to act for the benefit of the patient .
4
