PAT 201 | Questions with 100% Verified Answers | Latest
Update 2026/2027
Question: Pharmacology
Answer: Study of medicines; how drugs improve or maintain health
Question: Therapeutics
Answer: Branch of medicine concerned with prevention of disease and treatment of suffering.
Question: Pharmacotherapeutics
Answer: Administration of drugs for either disease prevention or treatment and relief of
suffering.
Question: Drug
Answer: A chemical agent capable of producing biological responses within the body.
Question: Therapeutic vs. adverse
Answer: Desirable vs. undesirable
Question: Medication
Answer: Drug that is considered medically therapeutic
Question: Prescription
Answer: - Considered potentially addictive or too harmful for self-administration
- A qualified HCP with legal authority must authorize the client to receive the drug
Question: Over the counter (OTC)
Answer: Do not require prescription.
- Clients may treat themselves safely if instructions are carefully followed
Question: Canadian Drug Regulations were created to...
Answer: - Protect public from drug misuse
- Provide mechanism for quality assurance for safety and efficacy
Question: Canadian Drug Regulations standard is set by
Answer: Food and Drug Act and Regulations
Question: What does the Food and Drug Act and Regulations ensure
safety and quality of
Answer: Drugs, biologics, natural health products
,Question: 8 Steps of Drug Approval in Canada
Answer: 1. Initial drug research
2. Pre-clinical studies/investigation
3. CTA (clinical trial application) is submitted to Health Canada and Clinical Trials begin in
4 phases
4. NDS (new drug submission) to Health Canada
5. Committee of drug experts (medical and drug scientists) reviews NDS to identify
benefits and risks
6. Health Canada passes on information about the drug to health providers and public
(consumers)
7. Health Canada issues NOC and DIN (required for manufacturing and marketing)
8. Ongoing monitoring of the efficacy of the drug and any safety concerns by Health
Canada
Question: 4 Clinical trial phases
Answer: Phase 1: Safety
- Test on group of healthy people
Phase 2: Effectiveness
- Test on small group of people with target illness
Phase 3: Confirmation
- Test on large group of people with target illness
- Double-blind study
Phase 4: Monitoring
Question: Biologics
Answer: Agents that are naturally produced in animal cells by microorganisms or by the body
itself.
- E.g. Hormones, insulin, gene therapy, allergens
Question: Natural health products
Answer: E.g. Vitamins, supplements, herbs, natural plant extracts
Question: Classification of therapeutic agents
Answer: Traditional drugs, biologics, natural health products
Question: Therapeutic classification
Answer: Describes what is being treated by the drug
- What it does clinically; its therapeutic usefulness
Question: Pharmacologic classification
Answer: Describes how a drug works at the molecular, tissue, body system level
- Drug's mechanism of action (how a drug produces its effect in the body)
Question: Prototype drug
Answer: First form of a drug
- Used as a point of comparison for related versions of that drug
- Used to predict actions and adverse effects of other drugs in the same class
, Question: Nomenclature of drugs (Chemical, generic, trade)
Answer: Chemical name describes chemical structure of a drug
Generic (nonproprietary) name describes active ingredient of a drug
Trade (proprietary/brand) name is used by company that produces a drug
Question: Bioavailability
Answer: Amount of drug that is absorbed into systemic circulation and therefore
physiologically
available to reach its target cells and produce its effect
Question: Drug Schedules
Answer: Schedule I
- By prescription only
Schedule II
- Provided by pharmacist, kept in area with no public access
Schedule III
- Openly available in a pharmacy/pharmacy area (OTC)
Unscheduled
- Sold anywhere without professional supervision
Question: Addiction vs. Dependence
Answer: Addiction: Overwhelming feeling that drives a person to use a drug repeatedly
Dependence: Powerful physiological or psychological need for a drug
Question: Physical vs. psychological dependence
Answer: Physical: Altered physical condition caused by the nervous system adapting to
repeated
drug use
Psychological: Few withdrawal symptoms, but individual feels intense and compelling
desire to continue using the drug
Question: Characteristics of an Ideal Drug
Answer: - Effectively prevents, treats, or cures condition
- Easy to administer, usually by mouth
- Produces rapid, predictable response at low doses
- No interactions with food or other drugs
- Taken infrequently, for short length of time
- Rapid elimination after it produces its beneficial effect
- No adverse effects
- Inexpensive and accessible
Question: Indications
Answer: Conditions for which a drug is approved
Question: Medication reconciliation
Answer: Process of keeping track of the client's medications as the client's care proceeds from
one health care provider to another
Update 2026/2027
Question: Pharmacology
Answer: Study of medicines; how drugs improve or maintain health
Question: Therapeutics
Answer: Branch of medicine concerned with prevention of disease and treatment of suffering.
Question: Pharmacotherapeutics
Answer: Administration of drugs for either disease prevention or treatment and relief of
suffering.
Question: Drug
Answer: A chemical agent capable of producing biological responses within the body.
Question: Therapeutic vs. adverse
Answer: Desirable vs. undesirable
Question: Medication
Answer: Drug that is considered medically therapeutic
Question: Prescription
Answer: - Considered potentially addictive or too harmful for self-administration
- A qualified HCP with legal authority must authorize the client to receive the drug
Question: Over the counter (OTC)
Answer: Do not require prescription.
- Clients may treat themselves safely if instructions are carefully followed
Question: Canadian Drug Regulations were created to...
Answer: - Protect public from drug misuse
- Provide mechanism for quality assurance for safety and efficacy
Question: Canadian Drug Regulations standard is set by
Answer: Food and Drug Act and Regulations
Question: What does the Food and Drug Act and Regulations ensure
safety and quality of
Answer: Drugs, biologics, natural health products
,Question: 8 Steps of Drug Approval in Canada
Answer: 1. Initial drug research
2. Pre-clinical studies/investigation
3. CTA (clinical trial application) is submitted to Health Canada and Clinical Trials begin in
4 phases
4. NDS (new drug submission) to Health Canada
5. Committee of drug experts (medical and drug scientists) reviews NDS to identify
benefits and risks
6. Health Canada passes on information about the drug to health providers and public
(consumers)
7. Health Canada issues NOC and DIN (required for manufacturing and marketing)
8. Ongoing monitoring of the efficacy of the drug and any safety concerns by Health
Canada
Question: 4 Clinical trial phases
Answer: Phase 1: Safety
- Test on group of healthy people
Phase 2: Effectiveness
- Test on small group of people with target illness
Phase 3: Confirmation
- Test on large group of people with target illness
- Double-blind study
Phase 4: Monitoring
Question: Biologics
Answer: Agents that are naturally produced in animal cells by microorganisms or by the body
itself.
- E.g. Hormones, insulin, gene therapy, allergens
Question: Natural health products
Answer: E.g. Vitamins, supplements, herbs, natural plant extracts
Question: Classification of therapeutic agents
Answer: Traditional drugs, biologics, natural health products
Question: Therapeutic classification
Answer: Describes what is being treated by the drug
- What it does clinically; its therapeutic usefulness
Question: Pharmacologic classification
Answer: Describes how a drug works at the molecular, tissue, body system level
- Drug's mechanism of action (how a drug produces its effect in the body)
Question: Prototype drug
Answer: First form of a drug
- Used as a point of comparison for related versions of that drug
- Used to predict actions and adverse effects of other drugs in the same class
, Question: Nomenclature of drugs (Chemical, generic, trade)
Answer: Chemical name describes chemical structure of a drug
Generic (nonproprietary) name describes active ingredient of a drug
Trade (proprietary/brand) name is used by company that produces a drug
Question: Bioavailability
Answer: Amount of drug that is absorbed into systemic circulation and therefore
physiologically
available to reach its target cells and produce its effect
Question: Drug Schedules
Answer: Schedule I
- By prescription only
Schedule II
- Provided by pharmacist, kept in area with no public access
Schedule III
- Openly available in a pharmacy/pharmacy area (OTC)
Unscheduled
- Sold anywhere without professional supervision
Question: Addiction vs. Dependence
Answer: Addiction: Overwhelming feeling that drives a person to use a drug repeatedly
Dependence: Powerful physiological or psychological need for a drug
Question: Physical vs. psychological dependence
Answer: Physical: Altered physical condition caused by the nervous system adapting to
repeated
drug use
Psychological: Few withdrawal symptoms, but individual feels intense and compelling
desire to continue using the drug
Question: Characteristics of an Ideal Drug
Answer: - Effectively prevents, treats, or cures condition
- Easy to administer, usually by mouth
- Produces rapid, predictable response at low doses
- No interactions with food or other drugs
- Taken infrequently, for short length of time
- Rapid elimination after it produces its beneficial effect
- No adverse effects
- Inexpensive and accessible
Question: Indications
Answer: Conditions for which a drug is approved
Question: Medication reconciliation
Answer: Process of keeping track of the client's medications as the client's care proceeds from
one health care provider to another
