NERC BOOK STUDY QUESTIONS | Actual Questions and
Answers Latest Updated 2026/2027 (Graded A+)
•
You are an external BA with a frequency bais of 20 MW/.1 Hz that sees a frequency of 60.02 due to a
large loss of load in the contingent BA. If your generator governor control systems responded to the
frequency deviation approximately how much of a generation change would you BA experience?
- ✔✔- 4MW
•
Net actual interchange minus Net scheduled interchange is what?
- ✔✔Inadvertent interchange
•
Suppose your interconnection operators at 59.97 Hz from one minute after midnight to noon and
operate at 60.05 Hz from 12:01 to midnight. What should you do if a time error correction was
implemented just after midnight to correct for the timer error accumulated during this 24 hour period?
- ✔✔Change frequency schedule to 59.98 Hz
•
If BA ABC's RT signal for power flow over ABC's midway tie-line with BA XYZ is significantly in error,
the ABC system operator shall
- ✔✔Adjust the control setting (e.g. substitute a value for the tie line power flow in the EMS)
to compensate for the equipment error until repairs can be made
•
The normal and recommended mode of AGC is what?
- ✔✔Tie line frequency bias
•
A 100 MW generator at 50 MW output has a 5% governor droop response will respond to how much of
a -.15Hz frequency deviation (actual frequency 59.85 Hz)
- ✔✔+5 MW
•
Which of the following complies with the control performance standard
- ✔✔CPS1=135%
•
A system disturbance has caused your BA to lose tie line RTUs with a neighboring BA and all
frequency meters which telemetered data into your EMS. How would you operate your GC system for
this scenario?
- ✔✔Place all generating units on manual control and try as best you can to match
generation with load
,•
Each BA shall perform control error checks using tie-line MWh meters to determine the accuracy of its
control equipment. How often do NERC reliability stands require each BA to perform these control error
checks?
- ✔✔Every hour
•
Upon telemetry failure of a generators output, which of the following would you expect to change
- ✔✔Actual load (as displayed in the Control Room)
•
There is an inadvertent accumulation of 240 MWh over generation that should be used to schedule
payback with neighboring control area. If 50% is on peak, which schedule will work?
- ✔✔20 MW delivered hour ending 0100 through HE 1300 Monday (CST)
•
Each BA shall operate such that its clock minute average of reporting ACE does not exceed its clock
minute BA ACE limit (BAAL) for more than how many consecutive minutes?
- ✔✔30 minutes
•
Each frequency response sharing group or BA that is not a member of a Frequency Response Sharing
group shall achieve an annual FRM
- ✔✔That is equal to or more negative than its FRO to demonstrate compliance with
requirement R1
•
Each BA that is a member of multiple BA interconnection and is not receiving overlap regulation service
and is utilizing a variable frequency bias setting shall maintain a frequency bias setting that is :
- ✔✔Less than zero at all times & equal to or more negative than its Frequency Response
obligation with Frequency varies from 60 Hz by more than +/- .036 Hz
•
Voltage reduction for load reduction should be performed where
- ✔✔On the Distribution system
•
You are a system operator in BA ABC and you notice that the voltage is steadily declining in a known
"weak" area of your system. You have exhausted all of your reactive resources in the weak area and
you have noticed that the MVAR flows across the three transmission lines connecting this area to the
system are very high. Per NERC reliability standards, what shall you do?
- ✔✔Manually shed enough load to prevent voltage collapse in this area
•
Which of the following is not a reactive resource, Ractor bank, Transformer, Capacitor bank,
Synchronous condenser
- ✔✔Transformer
, •
If the voltage at substation A is 235 kV and the voltage at substation b is 230 kV, then it can be
concluded that the reactive power MVARs flows how
- ✔✔From substation A to substation B
•
Which of the following are dynamic reactive resources
Synchronous Condenser
Capacitor Banks
Reactor Bank
Generator
- ✔✔Synchronous Condenser, Generator
•
The Roxboro-milburnie Blak 230kV line has 80 MW and 60 MVAR flowing into the Milburnie
Substation, what is the power factor
- ✔✔80%
•
If a generator is underexcited, then it is
- ✔✔Absorbing VARs
•
A lightly loaded 500 Kv transmission line has a capacitive effect which tends to
- ✔✔Cause high voltage problems that are corrected by placing reactor banks in service
•
To increase VAR output from a generator, you increase its what?
- ✔✔Excitation
•
The purpose of a generator reactive capability curve is to show what?
- ✔✔Thermal limits for excitation
•
When a long open ended transmission line is energized and the leading chagrin current flowing through
the lines inductance crests a high voltage on the open end, this is known as what?
- ✔✔Ferranti voltage rise effect
•
To maximize system stability, you would do which of the following?
- ✔✔Operate the system at maximum allowable voltage levels
•
The loading at which the line is VAR neutral, either generation or consuming VARs is called
- ✔✔Surge impedance loading
Answers Latest Updated 2026/2027 (Graded A+)
•
You are an external BA with a frequency bais of 20 MW/.1 Hz that sees a frequency of 60.02 due to a
large loss of load in the contingent BA. If your generator governor control systems responded to the
frequency deviation approximately how much of a generation change would you BA experience?
- ✔✔- 4MW
•
Net actual interchange minus Net scheduled interchange is what?
- ✔✔Inadvertent interchange
•
Suppose your interconnection operators at 59.97 Hz from one minute after midnight to noon and
operate at 60.05 Hz from 12:01 to midnight. What should you do if a time error correction was
implemented just after midnight to correct for the timer error accumulated during this 24 hour period?
- ✔✔Change frequency schedule to 59.98 Hz
•
If BA ABC's RT signal for power flow over ABC's midway tie-line with BA XYZ is significantly in error,
the ABC system operator shall
- ✔✔Adjust the control setting (e.g. substitute a value for the tie line power flow in the EMS)
to compensate for the equipment error until repairs can be made
•
The normal and recommended mode of AGC is what?
- ✔✔Tie line frequency bias
•
A 100 MW generator at 50 MW output has a 5% governor droop response will respond to how much of
a -.15Hz frequency deviation (actual frequency 59.85 Hz)
- ✔✔+5 MW
•
Which of the following complies with the control performance standard
- ✔✔CPS1=135%
•
A system disturbance has caused your BA to lose tie line RTUs with a neighboring BA and all
frequency meters which telemetered data into your EMS. How would you operate your GC system for
this scenario?
- ✔✔Place all generating units on manual control and try as best you can to match
generation with load
,•
Each BA shall perform control error checks using tie-line MWh meters to determine the accuracy of its
control equipment. How often do NERC reliability stands require each BA to perform these control error
checks?
- ✔✔Every hour
•
Upon telemetry failure of a generators output, which of the following would you expect to change
- ✔✔Actual load (as displayed in the Control Room)
•
There is an inadvertent accumulation of 240 MWh over generation that should be used to schedule
payback with neighboring control area. If 50% is on peak, which schedule will work?
- ✔✔20 MW delivered hour ending 0100 through HE 1300 Monday (CST)
•
Each BA shall operate such that its clock minute average of reporting ACE does not exceed its clock
minute BA ACE limit (BAAL) for more than how many consecutive minutes?
- ✔✔30 minutes
•
Each frequency response sharing group or BA that is not a member of a Frequency Response Sharing
group shall achieve an annual FRM
- ✔✔That is equal to or more negative than its FRO to demonstrate compliance with
requirement R1
•
Each BA that is a member of multiple BA interconnection and is not receiving overlap regulation service
and is utilizing a variable frequency bias setting shall maintain a frequency bias setting that is :
- ✔✔Less than zero at all times & equal to or more negative than its Frequency Response
obligation with Frequency varies from 60 Hz by more than +/- .036 Hz
•
Voltage reduction for load reduction should be performed where
- ✔✔On the Distribution system
•
You are a system operator in BA ABC and you notice that the voltage is steadily declining in a known
"weak" area of your system. You have exhausted all of your reactive resources in the weak area and
you have noticed that the MVAR flows across the three transmission lines connecting this area to the
system are very high. Per NERC reliability standards, what shall you do?
- ✔✔Manually shed enough load to prevent voltage collapse in this area
•
Which of the following is not a reactive resource, Ractor bank, Transformer, Capacitor bank,
Synchronous condenser
- ✔✔Transformer
, •
If the voltage at substation A is 235 kV and the voltage at substation b is 230 kV, then it can be
concluded that the reactive power MVARs flows how
- ✔✔From substation A to substation B
•
Which of the following are dynamic reactive resources
Synchronous Condenser
Capacitor Banks
Reactor Bank
Generator
- ✔✔Synchronous Condenser, Generator
•
The Roxboro-milburnie Blak 230kV line has 80 MW and 60 MVAR flowing into the Milburnie
Substation, what is the power factor
- ✔✔80%
•
If a generator is underexcited, then it is
- ✔✔Absorbing VARs
•
A lightly loaded 500 Kv transmission line has a capacitive effect which tends to
- ✔✔Cause high voltage problems that are corrected by placing reactor banks in service
•
To increase VAR output from a generator, you increase its what?
- ✔✔Excitation
•
The purpose of a generator reactive capability curve is to show what?
- ✔✔Thermal limits for excitation
•
When a long open ended transmission line is energized and the leading chagrin current flowing through
the lines inductance crests a high voltage on the open end, this is known as what?
- ✔✔Ferranti voltage rise effect
•
To maximize system stability, you would do which of the following?
- ✔✔Operate the system at maximum allowable voltage levels
•
The loading at which the line is VAR neutral, either generation or consuming VARs is called
- ✔✔Surge impedance loading
