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NR601 Midterm Exam Practice Questions (Verified Update!!!) Exam latest update
Practice Questions (Original) EXAM | Latest Update | Original Questions &
Answers with Detailed Rationales | Graded A+
Instructions: This exam consists of multiple-choice questions. Choose the best
answer for each question. The questions are organized by major topic areas in
geriatric primary care.
Section 1: Geriatric Assessment, Aging & Health Promotion
(Questions)
1. Which of the following is an age-related, not pathological,
physiological change?
A. Increased collagen and elastin in arteries
B. Intermittent tinnitus
C. Reduced gas exchange efficiency
D. Progressive tremor
Answer: C
Rationale: As people age, the lungs experience structural
changes such as decreased elasticity and alveolar surface area.
These changes reduce gas exchange efficiency even in the
absence of disease.
2. The aging process causes what normal physiological
changes in the heart?
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A. The heart valve thickens and becomes more rigid
B. Cardiac output increases
C. Resting heart rate significantly increases
D. Heart muscle becomes more elastic
Answer: A
Rationale: Normal age-related changes in the cardiovascular
system include thickening and stiffening of heart valves (aortic
sclerosis), decreased cardiac output, and decreased compliance
of the aorta and large arteries.
3. Which theory of aging suggests that aging results from
cumulative mistakes in DNA and RNA over time?
A. Free radical theory
B. Neuroendocrine theory
C. Error theory
D. Wear and tear theory
Answer: C
Rationale: The Error Theory suggests that aging results from
cumulative mistakes in DNA and RNA over time, which impair
cell function.
4. According to the Rule of Fourths, functional decline in older
adults results from which four factors?
A. Disease, disuse, misuse, and physiologic aging
B. Genetics, environment, lifestyle, and healthcare
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C. Physical, cognitive, social, and emotional factors
D. Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary aging
Answer: A
Rationale: The Rule of Fourths describes four causes of
functional decline: disease, disuse, misuse (iatrogenic), and
physiologic aging.
5. A 72-year-old patient reports difficulty reading fine print
and driving at night. Which normal age-related visual change
is most likely?
A. Presbyopia and decreased dark adaptation
B. Cataract formation
C. Glaucoma
D. Macular degeneration
Answer: A
Rationale: Normal age-related visual changes include
presbyopia (decreased near vision) and decreased dark
adaptation. Cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration are
pathologic conditions.
6. What are the three primary physiological changes of aging?
A. Decreased appetite, increased sleep needs, and reduced
muscle mass
B. Reduced physiological reserve, reduced homeostatic
mechanisms, and impaired immunological function
C. Increased blood pressure, decreased bone density, and
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memory loss
D. Weight gain, decreased vision, and hearing loss
Answer: B
Rationale: The three hallmark changes of aging include reduced
physiological reserve, reduced homeostatic mechanisms, and
impaired immunological function.
7. What is the preferred amount of exercise recommended for
older adults according to current guidelines?
A. 15 minutes/day, 3 days/week
B. 30 minutes/day, 5 days/week of moderate exercise
C. 60 minutes/day, 7 days/week of vigorous exercise
D. No specific recommendation for older adults
Answer: B
Rationale: Current guidelines recommend 30 minutes of
moderate-intensity aerobic activity at least 5 days per week. If
weight management is a goal, 60 minutes per day is advised.
8. What is the primary purpose of a Comprehensive Geriatric
Assessment (CGA)?
A. To diagnose acute illnesses only
B. To evaluate physical health, functional ability, psychosocial
health, and environmental safety
C. To determine eligibility for nursing home placement
D. To assess medication side effects exclusively
NR601 Midterm Exam Practice Questions (Verified Update!!!) Exam latest update
Practice Questions (Original) EXAM | Latest Update | Original Questions &
Answers with Detailed Rationales | Graded A+
Instructions: This exam consists of multiple-choice questions. Choose the best
answer for each question. The questions are organized by major topic areas in
geriatric primary care.
Section 1: Geriatric Assessment, Aging & Health Promotion
(Questions)
1. Which of the following is an age-related, not pathological,
physiological change?
A. Increased collagen and elastin in arteries
B. Intermittent tinnitus
C. Reduced gas exchange efficiency
D. Progressive tremor
Answer: C
Rationale: As people age, the lungs experience structural
changes such as decreased elasticity and alveolar surface area.
These changes reduce gas exchange efficiency even in the
absence of disease.
2. The aging process causes what normal physiological
changes in the heart?
, Page |2
A. The heart valve thickens and becomes more rigid
B. Cardiac output increases
C. Resting heart rate significantly increases
D. Heart muscle becomes more elastic
Answer: A
Rationale: Normal age-related changes in the cardiovascular
system include thickening and stiffening of heart valves (aortic
sclerosis), decreased cardiac output, and decreased compliance
of the aorta and large arteries.
3. Which theory of aging suggests that aging results from
cumulative mistakes in DNA and RNA over time?
A. Free radical theory
B. Neuroendocrine theory
C. Error theory
D. Wear and tear theory
Answer: C
Rationale: The Error Theory suggests that aging results from
cumulative mistakes in DNA and RNA over time, which impair
cell function.
4. According to the Rule of Fourths, functional decline in older
adults results from which four factors?
A. Disease, disuse, misuse, and physiologic aging
B. Genetics, environment, lifestyle, and healthcare
, Page |3
C. Physical, cognitive, social, and emotional factors
D. Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary aging
Answer: A
Rationale: The Rule of Fourths describes four causes of
functional decline: disease, disuse, misuse (iatrogenic), and
physiologic aging.
5. A 72-year-old patient reports difficulty reading fine print
and driving at night. Which normal age-related visual change
is most likely?
A. Presbyopia and decreased dark adaptation
B. Cataract formation
C. Glaucoma
D. Macular degeneration
Answer: A
Rationale: Normal age-related visual changes include
presbyopia (decreased near vision) and decreased dark
adaptation. Cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration are
pathologic conditions.
6. What are the three primary physiological changes of aging?
A. Decreased appetite, increased sleep needs, and reduced
muscle mass
B. Reduced physiological reserve, reduced homeostatic
mechanisms, and impaired immunological function
C. Increased blood pressure, decreased bone density, and
, Page |4
memory loss
D. Weight gain, decreased vision, and hearing loss
Answer: B
Rationale: The three hallmark changes of aging include reduced
physiological reserve, reduced homeostatic mechanisms, and
impaired immunological function.
7. What is the preferred amount of exercise recommended for
older adults according to current guidelines?
A. 15 minutes/day, 3 days/week
B. 30 minutes/day, 5 days/week of moderate exercise
C. 60 minutes/day, 7 days/week of vigorous exercise
D. No specific recommendation for older adults
Answer: B
Rationale: Current guidelines recommend 30 minutes of
moderate-intensity aerobic activity at least 5 days per week. If
weight management is a goal, 60 minutes per day is advised.
8. What is the primary purpose of a Comprehensive Geriatric
Assessment (CGA)?
A. To diagnose acute illnesses only
B. To evaluate physical health, functional ability, psychosocial
health, and environmental safety
C. To determine eligibility for nursing home placement
D. To assess medication side effects exclusively
