PNB 2265 EXAM 1 - UNIT 1: BLOOD
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
what type of tissue is blood? - Correct Answers -connective tissue
what is blood defined by? - Correct Answers -- composition of their extracellular matrix
- blood is a fluid connective tissue with a plasma filled matrix
why do cis men have more blood than cis women? - Correct Answers -the Y
chromosome tends to create a larger body stature
true or false: blood volume is always in proportion to body size - Correct Answers -true
how many liters of blood does the average person have? - Correct Answers -4-7 liters
blood regulation function - example 1 - Correct Answers -blood has a fairly neutral pH of
about 7.4, which allows it to take on a regulatory role inside the body
blood regulation function - example 2 - Correct Answers -blood acts as a good
temperature buffer inside the body and helps us to maintain thermal homeostasis
blood regulation function - example 3 - Correct Answers -blood helps us to maintain
osmotic balance between the tissues and the extracellular environment (prevents cells
from shrinking or swelling)
blood transport function - Correct Answers -the blood allows the body to overcome the
distance limitations of diffusion so that we can distribute oxygen , carbon dioxide, and
nutrients all throughout the body
fractionated blood components - Correct Answers -- plasma --> liquid portion of the
blood (46-63%)
- formed elements --> cells (RBC, WBC) and cell fragments (platelets) (37-54%)
what is the plasma composed of? - Correct Answers -water (92%), plasma proteins
(7%), and other solutes (1%)
what are the three types of plasma proteins found in the plasma? - Correct Answers --
albumin (60%)
- globulins (35%)
- fibrinogen (4%)
albumin - Correct Answers -- helps to create an isotonic environment with the tissues
- minimizes the water movement through osmosis
, - transports lipids, hormones, and steroids
globulins - Correct Answers -- family of proteins important for making antibodies
- transports globulins and immunoglobulins
fibrinogen - Correct Answers -essential for blood clotting
what are the formed elements found in the blood? - Correct Answers -red blood cells,
white blood cells, and platelets
platelets - Correct Answers -fragments of megakaryocytes critical for clotting
white blood cells (leukocytes) - Correct Answers -defense against infection
red blood cells (erythrocytes) - Correct Answers -deliver oxygen and remove carbon
dioxide
simple analysis: hematocrit - Correct Answers -- simple test that uses gravity, allowing
the components of the blood to separate out based upon their mass and their density
- percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells
- analyzes if there are any major imbalances between the plasma and formed elements
true or false: the hematocrit is the same as the formed elements - Correct Answers -
false
- hematocrit only refers to the volume of red blood cells
- formed elements refer to all the cell and cell fragment components within the blood
less simple analysis: complete blood count (CBC) - Correct Answers -- test that utilizes
a microscope to see and count individual cells (also can calculate the hematocrit)
- CBC allows you to see if you have the correct overall shape and morphology
mean corpuscular volume (MCV) - Correct Answers -the average volume of red blood
cells in the sample
CBC + differential - Correct Answers -test that repeats the process of a complete blood
count over and over again until you have all the different subtypes of white blood cells
represented so you can count them accurately
what's the morphology of a red blood cell? - Correct Answers -biconcave shape
why is the biconcave shape of red blood cells important? - Correct Answers -- it
increases the surface area of the plasma membrane which maximizes the space where
the diffusion of gases can occur
- the red blood cells also are able to fold in half, bend, twist, and stack on top of each
other
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
what type of tissue is blood? - Correct Answers -connective tissue
what is blood defined by? - Correct Answers -- composition of their extracellular matrix
- blood is a fluid connective tissue with a plasma filled matrix
why do cis men have more blood than cis women? - Correct Answers -the Y
chromosome tends to create a larger body stature
true or false: blood volume is always in proportion to body size - Correct Answers -true
how many liters of blood does the average person have? - Correct Answers -4-7 liters
blood regulation function - example 1 - Correct Answers -blood has a fairly neutral pH of
about 7.4, which allows it to take on a regulatory role inside the body
blood regulation function - example 2 - Correct Answers -blood acts as a good
temperature buffer inside the body and helps us to maintain thermal homeostasis
blood regulation function - example 3 - Correct Answers -blood helps us to maintain
osmotic balance between the tissues and the extracellular environment (prevents cells
from shrinking or swelling)
blood transport function - Correct Answers -the blood allows the body to overcome the
distance limitations of diffusion so that we can distribute oxygen , carbon dioxide, and
nutrients all throughout the body
fractionated blood components - Correct Answers -- plasma --> liquid portion of the
blood (46-63%)
- formed elements --> cells (RBC, WBC) and cell fragments (platelets) (37-54%)
what is the plasma composed of? - Correct Answers -water (92%), plasma proteins
(7%), and other solutes (1%)
what are the three types of plasma proteins found in the plasma? - Correct Answers --
albumin (60%)
- globulins (35%)
- fibrinogen (4%)
albumin - Correct Answers -- helps to create an isotonic environment with the tissues
- minimizes the water movement through osmosis
, - transports lipids, hormones, and steroids
globulins - Correct Answers -- family of proteins important for making antibodies
- transports globulins and immunoglobulins
fibrinogen - Correct Answers -essential for blood clotting
what are the formed elements found in the blood? - Correct Answers -red blood cells,
white blood cells, and platelets
platelets - Correct Answers -fragments of megakaryocytes critical for clotting
white blood cells (leukocytes) - Correct Answers -defense against infection
red blood cells (erythrocytes) - Correct Answers -deliver oxygen and remove carbon
dioxide
simple analysis: hematocrit - Correct Answers -- simple test that uses gravity, allowing
the components of the blood to separate out based upon their mass and their density
- percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells
- analyzes if there are any major imbalances between the plasma and formed elements
true or false: the hematocrit is the same as the formed elements - Correct Answers -
false
- hematocrit only refers to the volume of red blood cells
- formed elements refer to all the cell and cell fragment components within the blood
less simple analysis: complete blood count (CBC) - Correct Answers -- test that utilizes
a microscope to see and count individual cells (also can calculate the hematocrit)
- CBC allows you to see if you have the correct overall shape and morphology
mean corpuscular volume (MCV) - Correct Answers -the average volume of red blood
cells in the sample
CBC + differential - Correct Answers -test that repeats the process of a complete blood
count over and over again until you have all the different subtypes of white blood cells
represented so you can count them accurately
what's the morphology of a red blood cell? - Correct Answers -biconcave shape
why is the biconcave shape of red blood cells important? - Correct Answers -- it
increases the surface area of the plasma membrane which maximizes the space where
the diffusion of gases can occur
- the red blood cells also are able to fold in half, bend, twist, and stack on top of each
other
