Pharmacology Exam 2 Frequently Tested Actual Questions and Answers

Pharmacology Exam 2 Frequently Tested Actual Questions and
Answers

Question 1.
MS (multiple sclerosis)

Correct Answer: -presence of focal demyelinated plaques within the CNS,
accompanied by variable degrees of inflammation and gliosis, with partial
preservation of axons -inflammatory immune-mediated disorder -activated T
cells cross BBB and attack myelin -exposed axons become damaged or
destroyed -unilateral optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, cerebellar ataxia,
brainstem strokes


Question 2.
CIS (clinically isolated syndrome)

Correct Answer: stage of MS (multiple sclerosis) -1st episode of neurological
symptoms caused by demyelination -must last at least 24 hrs -does not yet meet
criteria for MS diagnosis




Question 3.
RRMS (relapsing remitting MS)

Correct Answer: stage of MS (multiple sclerosis) -recurrent attacks followed by
periods of partial or complete recovery -most common disease course for MS

,Question 4.
SPMS (secondary progressive MS)

Correct Answer: stage of MS (multiple sclerosis) -initial relapsing-remitting
pattern followed by gradual worsening consisting of gradual accumulation of
permanent neuro deficits despite tx -no longer signs of remission




Question 5.
PPMS (primary progressive MS)

Correct Answer: stage of MS (multiple sclerosis) -gradual functional decline from
the start of the illness without relapses -disability accumulates slowly over
years -chronic progressive disease




Question 6.
alemtuzumab

Correct Answer: MS drug -RRMS, SPMS MOA:
-binds to CD52, non-modulating antigen on B and T cell lymphocyte surfaces


Question 7.
alemtuzumab

Correct Answer: MS drug -RRMS, SPMS BW:
-immune thrombocytopenia -anti-glomerular basement membrane disease
-infusion reactions -malignancy-thyroid, melanoma, lymphoproliferative
disorders -stroke -only available through REMS ADE:
-immune glomerulonephritis -lymphocytopenia -skin rash

,Question 8.
natalizumab

Correct Answer: MS drug -CIS, RRMS, SPMS MOA:
-prevents WBC adhesion by binding to the alpha-4 subunit integrins


Question 9.
natalizumab

Correct Answer: MS drug -CIS, RRMS, SPMS BW:
-PML (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy) -test for anti-JCV antibodies
at baseline and every 6 mos -use <2 years ADE:
-increased hepatic function tests


Question 10.
ocrelizumab

Correct Answer: MS drug -CIS, *PPMS*, RRMS, SPMS MOA:
-binds to CD20 on B cells CI:
-active HBV infection


Question 11.
ublituximab

Correct Answer: MS drug -CIS, RRMS, SPMS MOA:
-binds to CD20 on pre and mature B cells CI:
-active HBV infection


Question 12.
ofatumumab, rituximab

Correct Answer: MS drug (2) -CIS, RRMS, SPMS MOA:
-binds to CD20 on B cells CI:
-active HBV infection


Question 13.
interferon B

Correct Answer: MS drug -CIS, RRMS, SPMS MOA:
-modulates immune responsiveness -increases integrity of BBB ADE:
-drug induced lupus -flu-like symptoms -effect may be limited by use of
neutralizing Abs

, Question 14.
glatiramer acetate

Correct Answer: MS drug -CIS, RRMS, SPMS MOA:
-binds to MHC molecules and consequent competition with various myelin Ags
for their presentation to T cells -inducer of specific helper T cell suppressors
BW:
-anaphylaxis risk -injection site necrosis -SC daily dosing


Question 15.
mitoxantrone

Correct Answer: MS drug -RRMS, SPMS MOA:
-intercalates into DNA resulting in cross-links and strand breaks -binds to
nucleic acids and inhibits DNA/RNA synthesis BW:
-A LOT (bone marrow suppression, cardiotoxicity, etc) -do not prescribe unless
the benefits outweigh the risks


Question 16.
S1PR modulators (sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor modulators)

Correct Answer: MS drug -CIS, RRMS, active SPMS -end in -mod MOA:
-sphingosine analogue that modulates the S1PR -sequesters T cells in lymph
nodes


Question 17.
S1PR modulators (sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor modulators)

Correct Answer: MS drug -CIS, RRMS, active SPMS -end in -mod CI:
-cardiac issues -myocardial infarction, stroke, TIA -sick sinus syndrome -avoid in
pregnancy


Question 18.
teriflunomide

Correct Answer: MS drug -CIS, RRMS, SPMS MOA:
-inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis -reduce the number of activated lymphocytes
in the CNS BW:
-hepatotoxicity -embryofetal toxicity -avoid in pregnancy