BSC 216 LAB EXAM 2 2026/2027 | LAB STUDY GUIDE, EXAM REVIEW &
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
hypothalamus - Correct answer ✔✔ major homeostatic organ that regulates blood pressure,
hunger, thirst, body temperature, and some reproductive features; produces inhibiting and
releasing hormones
hypothalamus - Correct answer ✔✔ Which structure produces oxytocin?
uterus and mammary glands - Correct answer ✔✔ What is the target of oxytocin?
oxytocin - Correct answer ✔✔ Which hormone: stimulates uterine smooth muscle contraction
and stimulates myoepithelial cells in mammary glands (milk ejection)?
hypothalamus - Correct answer ✔✔ Which structure produces antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
kidney - Correct answer ✔✔ What is the target of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - Correct answer ✔✔ Which hormone: stimulates water retention
(or decreased urine output)?
pituitary gland - Correct answer ✔✔ sits inside sphenoid bone
anterior pituitary gland - Correct answer ✔✔ arises as an outpocketing of the roof of the mouth
and is composed of epithelial tissue; cells resemble glandular epithelium
posterior pituitary gland - Correct answer ✔✔ is derived embryologically from an outgrowth of
the diencephalon and consists of nervous tissue; *does not produce hormones*
, pituitary histology:
dark = anterior
light = posterior - Correct answer ✔✔
anterior pituitary gland - Correct answer ✔✔ ______________ produces: follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL).
posterior pituitary gland - Correct answer ✔✔ ____________ stores, but does *not* produce
oxytocin and ADH.
ovaries, testes - Correct answer ✔✔ What is the target of follicle-stimulating hormone?
follicle-stimulating hormone - Correct answer ✔✔ Which hormone stimulates ovary to produce
oocytes (eggs) and release estrogen; indirectly stimulates sperm production in testis?
pineal gland - Correct answer ✔✔ secretes melatonin (thought to control the daily sleep/wake
cycle)
thyroid gland - Correct answer ✔✔ produces inactive thyroxine (T4), active triiodothyronine
(T3--increases metabolic rate), and calcitonin (calcium homeostasis)
thyroid histology:
colloid--iodine rich gelatinous material
lined with simple cuboidal epithelial cells--follicle cells
between follicles are parafollicular cells--secrete calcitonin (decreases blood calcium levels) -
Correct answer ✔✔
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
hypothalamus - Correct answer ✔✔ major homeostatic organ that regulates blood pressure,
hunger, thirst, body temperature, and some reproductive features; produces inhibiting and
releasing hormones
hypothalamus - Correct answer ✔✔ Which structure produces oxytocin?
uterus and mammary glands - Correct answer ✔✔ What is the target of oxytocin?
oxytocin - Correct answer ✔✔ Which hormone: stimulates uterine smooth muscle contraction
and stimulates myoepithelial cells in mammary glands (milk ejection)?
hypothalamus - Correct answer ✔✔ Which structure produces antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
kidney - Correct answer ✔✔ What is the target of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - Correct answer ✔✔ Which hormone: stimulates water retention
(or decreased urine output)?
pituitary gland - Correct answer ✔✔ sits inside sphenoid bone
anterior pituitary gland - Correct answer ✔✔ arises as an outpocketing of the roof of the mouth
and is composed of epithelial tissue; cells resemble glandular epithelium
posterior pituitary gland - Correct answer ✔✔ is derived embryologically from an outgrowth of
the diencephalon and consists of nervous tissue; *does not produce hormones*
, pituitary histology:
dark = anterior
light = posterior - Correct answer ✔✔
anterior pituitary gland - Correct answer ✔✔ ______________ produces: follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL).
posterior pituitary gland - Correct answer ✔✔ ____________ stores, but does *not* produce
oxytocin and ADH.
ovaries, testes - Correct answer ✔✔ What is the target of follicle-stimulating hormone?
follicle-stimulating hormone - Correct answer ✔✔ Which hormone stimulates ovary to produce
oocytes (eggs) and release estrogen; indirectly stimulates sperm production in testis?
pineal gland - Correct answer ✔✔ secretes melatonin (thought to control the daily sleep/wake
cycle)
thyroid gland - Correct answer ✔✔ produces inactive thyroxine (T4), active triiodothyronine
(T3--increases metabolic rate), and calcitonin (calcium homeostasis)
thyroid histology:
colloid--iodine rich gelatinous material
lined with simple cuboidal epithelial cells--follicle cells
between follicles are parafollicular cells--secrete calcitonin (decreases blood calcium levels) -
Correct answer ✔✔
