CCRP AACVPR ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ Phytosterols.
Answer: Naturally occurring sterols found in plants. Phytosterols
lower LDL cholesterol levels by competing with cholesterol for
absorption in the intestinal tract.
Sterols added to milk, margarine, orange juice, olive oil, cheese,
bread
◉ fruits and vegetable.
Answer: improve lipids, inflammation, and endothelial function
◉ nuts.
Answer: high in fat and protein (10-30%)
monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fat good for reducing
CVD
reduces TC, LDL and apolipoprotein
◉ fish.
Answer: high quality protein, PUFA, MUFA
fatty fish = omega 3s
,lowers TG and reduce inflammation, improve endothelial function,
and limit platelet aggregation
◉ red meat.
Answer: higher CVD risk and diabetes
high sat fat in non-lean red meat
◉ white meat.
Answer: lower cholesterol
◉ processed meats.
Answer: high sodium and sat fat
preservatives, nitrates
◉ dairy.
Answer: calcium, high quality protein, linoleic acid, vitamins,
nutrients
lower lipids and improve endothelial function
◉ non fat dairy.
Answer: no SF or cholesterol and lower in cals = keep benefits of
dairy while taking away risk of CVD
,◉ diet for hypertension.
Answer: lower sodium diet
1500 mg vs 1000 mg reduction
DASH diet with lower sodium diet (what patient should eat vs what
they shouldn't eat)
taste buds adapt to lower sodium diet
◉ weight loss and HTN.
Answer: per 22 lbs, SBP decreases by 5-20 mmHg
3-5% weight loss in six months
◉ alcohol and HTN.
Answer: immediate effect is vasodilation, but high blood alcohol
levels increase BP short term
women: less than or equal to one drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4
mmHg
men: less than or equal to two drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4
mmHg
◉ caffeine and HTN.
Answer: acute intake raises BP
higher risk of HTN=more caffeine will increase BP
, safe level (200 mg - one dose) will not induce clinically relevant
change in BP, MC BF, hydration status, body temp, perceived exertion
with exercise
◉ diabetic diet and glycemic control.
Answer: macro proportions individualized
(lower moderate CHO diet is fine)
◉ diabetes and CHO.
Answer: 43-46% of diet
20-40% lowers A1C, BG, 24-h insulin, FBG
HDL increases with low carb diet
TD decreases with low and mod carb diet -
40-65% (mod carb) lowers A1C
high carb (70%) vegan diet lowers LDL
◉ if patient is on insulin, the amount of CHO in the meal should
______ the dose of insulin.
Answer: match
◉ healthful choices for CHO and diabetes.
Answer: whole grain and high fiber
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ Phytosterols.
Answer: Naturally occurring sterols found in plants. Phytosterols
lower LDL cholesterol levels by competing with cholesterol for
absorption in the intestinal tract.
Sterols added to milk, margarine, orange juice, olive oil, cheese,
bread
◉ fruits and vegetable.
Answer: improve lipids, inflammation, and endothelial function
◉ nuts.
Answer: high in fat and protein (10-30%)
monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fat good for reducing
CVD
reduces TC, LDL and apolipoprotein
◉ fish.
Answer: high quality protein, PUFA, MUFA
fatty fish = omega 3s
,lowers TG and reduce inflammation, improve endothelial function,
and limit platelet aggregation
◉ red meat.
Answer: higher CVD risk and diabetes
high sat fat in non-lean red meat
◉ white meat.
Answer: lower cholesterol
◉ processed meats.
Answer: high sodium and sat fat
preservatives, nitrates
◉ dairy.
Answer: calcium, high quality protein, linoleic acid, vitamins,
nutrients
lower lipids and improve endothelial function
◉ non fat dairy.
Answer: no SF or cholesterol and lower in cals = keep benefits of
dairy while taking away risk of CVD
,◉ diet for hypertension.
Answer: lower sodium diet
1500 mg vs 1000 mg reduction
DASH diet with lower sodium diet (what patient should eat vs what
they shouldn't eat)
taste buds adapt to lower sodium diet
◉ weight loss and HTN.
Answer: per 22 lbs, SBP decreases by 5-20 mmHg
3-5% weight loss in six months
◉ alcohol and HTN.
Answer: immediate effect is vasodilation, but high blood alcohol
levels increase BP short term
women: less than or equal to one drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4
mmHg
men: less than or equal to two drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4
mmHg
◉ caffeine and HTN.
Answer: acute intake raises BP
higher risk of HTN=more caffeine will increase BP
, safe level (200 mg - one dose) will not induce clinically relevant
change in BP, MC BF, hydration status, body temp, perceived exertion
with exercise
◉ diabetic diet and glycemic control.
Answer: macro proportions individualized
(lower moderate CHO diet is fine)
◉ diabetes and CHO.
Answer: 43-46% of diet
20-40% lowers A1C, BG, 24-h insulin, FBG
HDL increases with low carb diet
TD decreases with low and mod carb diet -
40-65% (mod carb) lowers A1C
high carb (70%) vegan diet lowers LDL
◉ if patient is on insulin, the amount of CHO in the meal should
______ the dose of insulin.
Answer: match
◉ healthful choices for CHO and diabetes.
Answer: whole grain and high fiber
