NSG-316 Exam 3 Expected Questions and Verified Answers
(2026-2027)
Question 1.
Myocardium
Correct Answer: heart muscle that surrounds ventricles and atrium Atria are
thinner as they need to pump less strong
Question 2.
pericardium
Correct Answer: external layer that protects heart from injury/infection
Question 3.
endocardium
Correct Answer: 3 layered membrane that lines heart chambers
Question 4.
blockage of coronary arteries can lead to
Correct Answer: heart attack or stroke
Question 5.
heart failure
Correct Answer: increased pressure of cardiac overload -pulm congestion -inc
amount of blood in pulm capillaries
Question 6.
Left sided heart failure
Correct Answer: dyspnea/SOB, pulmonary edema
Question 7.
right sided heart failure
Correct Answer: blood back up in the periphery and will present with edema
,Question 8.
cardiomegaly
Correct Answer: abnormal enlargement of the heart due to over working to
compensate for decreased function
Question 9.
frequency
Correct Answer: high pitched or low pitched
Question 10.
what should you use the diaphragm of a stethoscope for
Correct Answer: high pitched, normal sounds
Question 11.
what should you use the bell of a stethoscope for
Correct Answer: low pitched, abnormal heart sounds, murmurs
Question 12.
intensity/loudness
Correct Answer: loud or soft
Question 13.
duration
Correct Answer: short heart sounds, or silent periods
Question 14.
timing
Correct Answer: systole or diastole
Question 15.
carotid artery/pulse
Correct Answer: found in the neck. feel one at a time. S1 is felt
, Question 16.
what is the most diminished pulse in the aging adult
Correct Answer: pedal pulse
Question 17.
normal heart sounds
Correct Answer: S1 and S2
Question 18.
S1 heart sound
Correct Answer: -occurs with closure of mitral and tricuspid valves (AV valve)
-"lub" sound -loudest at apex (5th intercostal space at midclavicular line)
Question 19.
S2 heart sound
Correct Answer: -occurs with closure of aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar
valves) -"dub" sound -loudest at base of heart (2nd intercostal space)
Question 20.
abnormal heart sounds
Correct Answer: S3 and S4 sounds, murmurs, and bruits
Question 21.
S3 heart sounds
Correct Answer: -not usually heard -gallop sound -indication of HF -occurs with
ventricular resistance of filling
Question 22.
S4 heart sounds
Correct Answer: -create vibrations -can be heard right before S1 sound -occurs
at end of diastole when ventricles resist filling
Question 23.
murmurs
Correct Answer: -from turbulent blood flow -heard directly over heart -gentle
blowing/swooshing sound
(2026-2027)
Question 1.
Myocardium
Correct Answer: heart muscle that surrounds ventricles and atrium Atria are
thinner as they need to pump less strong
Question 2.
pericardium
Correct Answer: external layer that protects heart from injury/infection
Question 3.
endocardium
Correct Answer: 3 layered membrane that lines heart chambers
Question 4.
blockage of coronary arteries can lead to
Correct Answer: heart attack or stroke
Question 5.
heart failure
Correct Answer: increased pressure of cardiac overload -pulm congestion -inc
amount of blood in pulm capillaries
Question 6.
Left sided heart failure
Correct Answer: dyspnea/SOB, pulmonary edema
Question 7.
right sided heart failure
Correct Answer: blood back up in the periphery and will present with edema
,Question 8.
cardiomegaly
Correct Answer: abnormal enlargement of the heart due to over working to
compensate for decreased function
Question 9.
frequency
Correct Answer: high pitched or low pitched
Question 10.
what should you use the diaphragm of a stethoscope for
Correct Answer: high pitched, normal sounds
Question 11.
what should you use the bell of a stethoscope for
Correct Answer: low pitched, abnormal heart sounds, murmurs
Question 12.
intensity/loudness
Correct Answer: loud or soft
Question 13.
duration
Correct Answer: short heart sounds, or silent periods
Question 14.
timing
Correct Answer: systole or diastole
Question 15.
carotid artery/pulse
Correct Answer: found in the neck. feel one at a time. S1 is felt
, Question 16.
what is the most diminished pulse in the aging adult
Correct Answer: pedal pulse
Question 17.
normal heart sounds
Correct Answer: S1 and S2
Question 18.
S1 heart sound
Correct Answer: -occurs with closure of mitral and tricuspid valves (AV valve)
-"lub" sound -loudest at apex (5th intercostal space at midclavicular line)
Question 19.
S2 heart sound
Correct Answer: -occurs with closure of aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar
valves) -"dub" sound -loudest at base of heart (2nd intercostal space)
Question 20.
abnormal heart sounds
Correct Answer: S3 and S4 sounds, murmurs, and bruits
Question 21.
S3 heart sounds
Correct Answer: -not usually heard -gallop sound -indication of HF -occurs with
ventricular resistance of filling
Question 22.
S4 heart sounds
Correct Answer: -create vibrations -can be heard right before S1 sound -occurs
at end of diastole when ventricles resist filling
Question 23.
murmurs
Correct Answer: -from turbulent blood flow -heard directly over heart -gentle
blowing/swooshing sound
