Cardio Meds Path/Pharm 2 Questions
And Answers 2027 | Graded A+
1.jPotassiumjchloridejintravenouslyjisjprescribedjforjajclientjwithjhypokalemia.jWhichja
ctionsjshouldjthejnursejtakejtojplanjforjpreparationjandjadministrationjofjthejpotassium
?jSelectjalljthatjapply.
1.jObtainjanjintravenousj(IV)jinfusionjpump.
2.jMonitorjurinejoutputjduringjadministration.
3.jPreparejthejmedicationjforjbolusjadministration.
4.jMonitorjthejIVjsitejforjsignsjofjinfiltrationjorjphlebitis.
5.jEnsurejthatjthejmedicationjisjdilutedjinjthejappropriatejvolumejofjfluid.
6.jEnsurejthatjthejbagjisjlabeledjsojthatjitjreadsjthejvolumejofjpotassiumjinjthejsolution
.j-jans-Correctjanswer:j1,j2,j4,j5,j6
Rationale:jPotassiumjchloridejadministeredjintravenouslyjmustjalwaysjbejdilutedjinjIVjfl
uidjandjinfusedjviajanjinfusionjpump.jPotassiumjchloridejisjneverjgivenjbyjbolusj(IVjpu
sh).jGivingjpotassiumjchloridejbyjIVjpushjcanjresultjinjcardiacjarrest.jThejnursejshouldj
ensurejthatjthejpotassiumjisjdilutedjinjthejappropriatejamountjofjdiluentjorjfluid.jThejIVj
bagjcontainingjthejpotassiumjchloridejshouldjalwaysjbejlabeledjwithjthejvolumejofjpota
ssiumjitjcontains.jThejIVjsitejisjmonitoredjcloselyjbecausejpotassiumjchloridejisjirritatin
gjtojthejveinsjandjtherejisjriskjofjphlebitis.jInjaddition,jthejnursejshouldjmonitorjforjinfiltr
ation.jThejnursejmonitorsjurinaryjoutputjduringjadministrationjandjcontactsjthejhealthjc
arejproviderjifjthejurinaryjoutputjisjlessjthanj30jmL/
hour.jThejfollowingjarejalljthejoptionjDIVsjforjthejindividualjquestionjtypesjTheyjshouldj
bejthejsamejsizejasjthejoption-areajDIVjabove.
2.jAjclientjwithjatrialjfibrillationjisjreceivingjajcontinuousjheparinjinfusionjatj1000junits/
hour.jThejnursejdeterminesjthatjthejclientjisjreceivingjthejtherapeuticjeffectjbasedjonjw
hichjresults?
1.jProthrombinjtimejofj12.5jseconds
2.jActivatedjpartialjthromboplastinjtimejofj60jseconds
3.jActivatedjpartialjthromboplastinjtimejofj28jseconds
4.jActivatedjpartialjthromboplastinjtimejlongerjthanj120jsecondsj-jans-
Correctjanswer:j2
j
Rationale:jCommonjlaboratoryjrangesjforjactivatedjpartialjthromboplastinjtimej(aPTT)ja
rej30jtoj40jseconds.jBecausejthejaPTTjshouldjbej1.5jtoj2.5jtimesjthejnormaljvalue,jth
,ejclient'sjaPTTjwouldjbejconsideredjtherapeuticjifjitjwasj60jseconds.jProthrombinjtimej
assessesjresponsejtojwarfarinjtherapy.
3.jThejnursejprovidesjdischargejinstructionsjtojajclientjwhojisjtakingjwarfarinjsodium.j
Whichjstatement,jbyjthejclient,jreflectsjthejneedjforjfurtherjteaching?
1.j"Ijwilljavoidjalcoholjconsumption."
2.j"Ijwilljtakejmyjpillsjeveryjdayjatjthejsamejtime."
3.j"IjhavejalreadyjcalledjmyjfamilyjtojpickjupjajMedicAlertjbracelet."
4.j"Ijwilljtakejcoatedjaspirinjforjmyjheadachesjbecausejitjwilljcoatjmyjstomach."j-jans-
Correctjanswer:j4
Rationale:jAspirin-
containingjproductsjneedjtojbejavoidedjwhenjajclientjisjtakingjthisjmedication.jAlcoholj
consumptionjshouldjbejavoidedjbyjajclientjtakingjwarfarinjsodium.jTakingjthejprescribe
djmedicationjatjthejsamejtimejeachjdayjincreasesjclientjcompliance.jThejMedicAlertjbr
aceletjprovidesjhealthjcarejpersonneljwithjemergencyjinformation.
4.jAjclientjwhojisjreceivingjdigoxinjdailyjhasjajserumjpotassiumjleveljofj3jmEq/
Lj(3jmmol/L)jandjis
jcomplainingjofjanorexia.jThejhealthjcarejproviderjprescribesjajserumjdigoxinjleveljtojb
ejdone.jThe
jnursejchecksjthejresultsjandjshouldjexpectjtojnotejwhichjleveljthatjisjoutsidejofjthejthe
rapeuticjrange?
j1.j0.3jng/mL
j2.j0.5jng/mL
j3.j0.8jng/mL
j4.j1.0jng/mLj-jans-Correctjanswer:j4
Rationale:jThejoptimaljtherapeuticjrangejforjdigoxinjisj0.5jtoj0.8jng/
mL.jIfjthejclientjisjexperiencing
symptomsjsuchjasjanorexiajandjisjexperiencingjhypokalemiajasjevidencedjbyjajlowjpot
assiumjlevel,
digoxinjtoxicityjisjajconcern.jTherefore,joptionj4jisjcorrectjbecausejitjisjoutsidejofjthejth
erapeuticjlevel
andjanjelevatedjlevel.
6.jThejnursejisjmonitoringjajclientjwhojisjtakingjpropranolol.jWhichjassessmentjfindingj
indicatesjajpotentialjadversejcomplicationjassociatedjwithjthisjmedication?
1.jThejdevelopmentjofjcomplaintsjofjinsomnia
2.jThejdevelopmentjofjaudiblejexpiratoryjwheezes
3.jAjbaselinejbloodjpressurejofj150/80jmmjHgjfollowedjbyjajbloodjpressurejofj138/72j
mmjHg
afterj2jdosesjofjthejmedication
4.jAjbaselinejrestingjheartjratejofj88jbeats/
minutejfollowedjbyjajrestingjheartjratejofj72jbeats/
minutejafterj2jdosesjofjthejmedicationj-jans-Correctjanswer:j2
Rationale:jAudiblejexpiratoryjwheezesjmayjindicatejajseriousjadversejreaction,jbronch
ospasm.jBetajblockersjmayjinducejthisjreaction,jparticularlyjinjclientsjwithjchronicjobstr
,uctivejpulmonaryjdiseasejorjasthma.jNormaljdecreasesjinjbloodjpressurejandjheartjrat
ejarejexpected.jInsomniajisjajfrequentjmildjsidejeffectjandjshouldjbejmonitored
7.jAjclientjwithjajclotjinjthejrightjatriumjisjreceivingjajheparinjsodiumjinfusionjatj1000ju
nits/
hourjandjwarfarinjsodiumj7.5jmgjatj5:00jp.m.jdaily.jThejmorningjlaboratoryjresultsjarej
asjfollows:jactivatedjpartialjthromboplastinjtimej(aPTT),j32jseconds;jinternationaljnorm
alizedjratioj(INR),j1.3.jThejnursejshouldjtakejwhichjactionjbasedjonjthejclient'sjlaborato
ryjresults?
1.jCollaboratejwithjthejhealthjcarejproviderj(HCP)jtojdiscontinuejthejheparinjinfusionjan
djadministerjthejwarfarinjsodiumjasjprescribed.
2.jCollaboratejwithjthejHCPjtojobtainjajprescriptionjtojincreasejthejheparinjinfusionjand
jadministerjthejwarfarinjsodiumjasjprescribed.
3.jCollaboratejwithjthejHCPjtojwithholdjthejwarfarinjsodiumjsincejthejclientjisjreceivingj
ajheparinjinfusionjandjthejaPTTjisjwithinjthejtherapeuticjrange.
4.jCollaboratejwithjthejHCPjtojcontinuejthejheparinjinfusionjatjthejsamejratejandjtojdis
cussjusejofjdabigatranjetexilatejinjplj-jans-Correctjanswer:j2
Rationale:jWhenjajclientjisjreceivingjwarfarinjforjclotjpreventionjduejtojatrialjfibrillation,j
anjINRjofj2jtoj3jisjappropriatejforjmostjclients.jUntiljthejINRjhasjachievedjajtherapeutic
jrange,jthejclientjshouldjbejmaintainedjonjajcontinuousjheparinjinfusionjwithjthejaPTTjr
angingjbetweenj60jandj80jseconds.
Rationale:jSignsjofjtoxicityjfromjprocainamidejincludejconfusion,jdizziness,jdrowsiness,
jdecreased
urination,jnausea,jvomiting,jandjtachydysrhythmias.jIfjthejclientjcomplainsjofjdizziness,j
thejnurse
shouldjassessjthejvitaljsignsjfirst.jAlthoughjmeasuringjthejheartjratejonjthejrhythmjstrip
jandjobtainingja
12-
leadjelectrocardiogramjmayjbejinterventions,jthesejwouldjbejdonejafterjthejvitaljsignsja
rejtaken.
Nitroglycerinjisjajvasodilatorjandjwilljlowerjthejbloodjpressure.
Therefore,jthejnursejshouldjcollaboratejwithjthejHCPjtojobtainjajprescriptionjtojincreas
ejthejheparinjinfusionjandjtojadministerjthejwarfarinjasjprescribed.
8.jAjclientjisjdiagnosedjwithjanjSTjsegmentjelevationjmyocardialjinfarctionj(STEMI)jan
djisjreceivingjajtissuejplasminogenjactivator,jalteplase.jWhichjactionjisjajpriorityjnursin
gjintervention?
1.jMonitorjforjkidneyjfailure.
2.jMonitorjpsychosocialjstatus.
3.jMonitorjforjsignsjofjbleeding.j4.jHavejheparinjsodiumjavailable.j-jans-
Correctjanswer:j3
Rationale:jTissuejplasminogenjactivatorjisjajthrombolytic.jHemorrhagejisjajcomplicatio
njofjanyjtypejofjthrombolyticjmedication.jThejclientjisjmonitoredjforjbleeding.jMonitoring
jforjrenaljfailurejandjmonitoringjthejclient'sjpsychosocialjstatusjarejimportantjbutjarejno
, tjthejmostjcriticaljinterventions.jHeparinjmayjbejadministeredjafterjthrombolyticjtherapy,
jbutjthejquestionjisjnotjaskingjaboutjfollow-upjmedications.
9.jThejnursejisjplanningjtojadministerjhydrochlorothiazidejtojajclient.jThejnursejshouldj
monitorjforjwhichjadversejeffectsjrelatedjtojthejadministrationjofjthisjmedication?
1.jHypouricemia,jhyperkalemia
2.jIncreasedjriskjofjosteoporosis
3.jHypokalemia,jhyperglycemia,jsulfajallergy
4.jHyperkalemia,jhypoglycemia,jpenicillinjallergyj-jans-Correctjanswer:j3
Rationale:jThiazidejdiureticsjsuchjasjhydrochlorothiazidejarejsulfa-
basedjmedications,jandjajclientjwithjajsulfajallergyjisjatjriskjforjanjallergicjreaction.jAls
o,jclientsjarejatjriskjforjhypokalemia,jhyperglycemia,jhypercalcemia,jhyperlipidemia,jan
djhyperuricemia.
11.jThejnursejisjmonitoringjajclientjwhojisjtakingjdigoxinjforjadversejeffects.jWhichjfind
ingsjare
jcharacteristicjofjdigoxinjtoxicity?jSelectjalljthatjapply.
j1.jTremors
j2.jDiarrhea
j3.jIrritability
j4.jBlurredjvision
j5.jNauseajandjvomitingj-jans-Correctjanswer:j2,j4,j5
Rationale:jDigoxinjisjajcardiacjglycoside.jThejriskjofjtoxicityjcanjoccurjwithjthejusejofjth
isjmedication.
Toxicityjcanjleadjtojlife-
threateningjeventsjandjthejnursejneedsjtojmonitorjthejclientjcloselyjforjsignsjof
toxicity.jEarlyjsignsjofjtoxicityjincludejgastrointestinaljmanifestationsjsuchjasjanorexia,j
nausea,jvomiting,
andjdiarrhea.jSubsequentjmanifestationsjincludejheadache;jvisualjdisturbancesjsuchja
sjdiplopia,jblurred
vision,jyellow-
greenjhalos,jandjphotophobia;jdrowsiness;jfatigue;jandjweakness.jCardiacjrhythm
abnormalitiesjcanjalsojoccur.jThejnursejalsojmonitorsjthejdigoxinjlevel.jThejoptimaljthe
rapeuticjrange
forjdigoxinjisj0.5jtoj0.8jng/mL.
12.jPriorjtojadministeringjajclient'sjdailyjdosejofjdigoxin,jthejnursejreviewsjthejclient's
laboratoryjdatajandjnotesjthejfollowingjresults:jserumjcalcium,j9.8jmg/dLj(2.45jmmol/
L);
serumjmagnesium,j1.0jmEq/Lj(0.5jmmol/L);jserumjpotassium,j4.1jmEq/Lj(4.1jmmol/L);
serumjcreatinine,j0.9jmg/dLj(79.5jmcmol/L).jWhichjresultjshouldjalertjthejnursejthatjthe
clientjisjatjriskjforjdigoxinjtoxicity?
j1.jSerumjcalciumjlevel
j2.jSerumjpotassiumjlevel
And Answers 2027 | Graded A+
1.jPotassiumjchloridejintravenouslyjisjprescribedjforjajclientjwithjhypokalemia.jWhichja
ctionsjshouldjthejnursejtakejtojplanjforjpreparationjandjadministrationjofjthejpotassium
?jSelectjalljthatjapply.
1.jObtainjanjintravenousj(IV)jinfusionjpump.
2.jMonitorjurinejoutputjduringjadministration.
3.jPreparejthejmedicationjforjbolusjadministration.
4.jMonitorjthejIVjsitejforjsignsjofjinfiltrationjorjphlebitis.
5.jEnsurejthatjthejmedicationjisjdilutedjinjthejappropriatejvolumejofjfluid.
6.jEnsurejthatjthejbagjisjlabeledjsojthatjitjreadsjthejvolumejofjpotassiumjinjthejsolution
.j-jans-Correctjanswer:j1,j2,j4,j5,j6
Rationale:jPotassiumjchloridejadministeredjintravenouslyjmustjalwaysjbejdilutedjinjIVjfl
uidjandjinfusedjviajanjinfusionjpump.jPotassiumjchloridejisjneverjgivenjbyjbolusj(IVjpu
sh).jGivingjpotassiumjchloridejbyjIVjpushjcanjresultjinjcardiacjarrest.jThejnursejshouldj
ensurejthatjthejpotassiumjisjdilutedjinjthejappropriatejamountjofjdiluentjorjfluid.jThejIVj
bagjcontainingjthejpotassiumjchloridejshouldjalwaysjbejlabeledjwithjthejvolumejofjpota
ssiumjitjcontains.jThejIVjsitejisjmonitoredjcloselyjbecausejpotassiumjchloridejisjirritatin
gjtojthejveinsjandjtherejisjriskjofjphlebitis.jInjaddition,jthejnursejshouldjmonitorjforjinfiltr
ation.jThejnursejmonitorsjurinaryjoutputjduringjadministrationjandjcontactsjthejhealthjc
arejproviderjifjthejurinaryjoutputjisjlessjthanj30jmL/
hour.jThejfollowingjarejalljthejoptionjDIVsjforjthejindividualjquestionjtypesjTheyjshouldj
bejthejsamejsizejasjthejoption-areajDIVjabove.
2.jAjclientjwithjatrialjfibrillationjisjreceivingjajcontinuousjheparinjinfusionjatj1000junits/
hour.jThejnursejdeterminesjthatjthejclientjisjreceivingjthejtherapeuticjeffectjbasedjonjw
hichjresults?
1.jProthrombinjtimejofj12.5jseconds
2.jActivatedjpartialjthromboplastinjtimejofj60jseconds
3.jActivatedjpartialjthromboplastinjtimejofj28jseconds
4.jActivatedjpartialjthromboplastinjtimejlongerjthanj120jsecondsj-jans-
Correctjanswer:j2
j
Rationale:jCommonjlaboratoryjrangesjforjactivatedjpartialjthromboplastinjtimej(aPTT)ja
rej30jtoj40jseconds.jBecausejthejaPTTjshouldjbej1.5jtoj2.5jtimesjthejnormaljvalue,jth
,ejclient'sjaPTTjwouldjbejconsideredjtherapeuticjifjitjwasj60jseconds.jProthrombinjtimej
assessesjresponsejtojwarfarinjtherapy.
3.jThejnursejprovidesjdischargejinstructionsjtojajclientjwhojisjtakingjwarfarinjsodium.j
Whichjstatement,jbyjthejclient,jreflectsjthejneedjforjfurtherjteaching?
1.j"Ijwilljavoidjalcoholjconsumption."
2.j"Ijwilljtakejmyjpillsjeveryjdayjatjthejsamejtime."
3.j"IjhavejalreadyjcalledjmyjfamilyjtojpickjupjajMedicAlertjbracelet."
4.j"Ijwilljtakejcoatedjaspirinjforjmyjheadachesjbecausejitjwilljcoatjmyjstomach."j-jans-
Correctjanswer:j4
Rationale:jAspirin-
containingjproductsjneedjtojbejavoidedjwhenjajclientjisjtakingjthisjmedication.jAlcoholj
consumptionjshouldjbejavoidedjbyjajclientjtakingjwarfarinjsodium.jTakingjthejprescribe
djmedicationjatjthejsamejtimejeachjdayjincreasesjclientjcompliance.jThejMedicAlertjbr
aceletjprovidesjhealthjcarejpersonneljwithjemergencyjinformation.
4.jAjclientjwhojisjreceivingjdigoxinjdailyjhasjajserumjpotassiumjleveljofj3jmEq/
Lj(3jmmol/L)jandjis
jcomplainingjofjanorexia.jThejhealthjcarejproviderjprescribesjajserumjdigoxinjleveljtojb
ejdone.jThe
jnursejchecksjthejresultsjandjshouldjexpectjtojnotejwhichjleveljthatjisjoutsidejofjthejthe
rapeuticjrange?
j1.j0.3jng/mL
j2.j0.5jng/mL
j3.j0.8jng/mL
j4.j1.0jng/mLj-jans-Correctjanswer:j4
Rationale:jThejoptimaljtherapeuticjrangejforjdigoxinjisj0.5jtoj0.8jng/
mL.jIfjthejclientjisjexperiencing
symptomsjsuchjasjanorexiajandjisjexperiencingjhypokalemiajasjevidencedjbyjajlowjpot
assiumjlevel,
digoxinjtoxicityjisjajconcern.jTherefore,joptionj4jisjcorrectjbecausejitjisjoutsidejofjthejth
erapeuticjlevel
andjanjelevatedjlevel.
6.jThejnursejisjmonitoringjajclientjwhojisjtakingjpropranolol.jWhichjassessmentjfindingj
indicatesjajpotentialjadversejcomplicationjassociatedjwithjthisjmedication?
1.jThejdevelopmentjofjcomplaintsjofjinsomnia
2.jThejdevelopmentjofjaudiblejexpiratoryjwheezes
3.jAjbaselinejbloodjpressurejofj150/80jmmjHgjfollowedjbyjajbloodjpressurejofj138/72j
mmjHg
afterj2jdosesjofjthejmedication
4.jAjbaselinejrestingjheartjratejofj88jbeats/
minutejfollowedjbyjajrestingjheartjratejofj72jbeats/
minutejafterj2jdosesjofjthejmedicationj-jans-Correctjanswer:j2
Rationale:jAudiblejexpiratoryjwheezesjmayjindicatejajseriousjadversejreaction,jbronch
ospasm.jBetajblockersjmayjinducejthisjreaction,jparticularlyjinjclientsjwithjchronicjobstr
,uctivejpulmonaryjdiseasejorjasthma.jNormaljdecreasesjinjbloodjpressurejandjheartjrat
ejarejexpected.jInsomniajisjajfrequentjmildjsidejeffectjandjshouldjbejmonitored
7.jAjclientjwithjajclotjinjthejrightjatriumjisjreceivingjajheparinjsodiumjinfusionjatj1000ju
nits/
hourjandjwarfarinjsodiumj7.5jmgjatj5:00jp.m.jdaily.jThejmorningjlaboratoryjresultsjarej
asjfollows:jactivatedjpartialjthromboplastinjtimej(aPTT),j32jseconds;jinternationaljnorm
alizedjratioj(INR),j1.3.jThejnursejshouldjtakejwhichjactionjbasedjonjthejclient'sjlaborato
ryjresults?
1.jCollaboratejwithjthejhealthjcarejproviderj(HCP)jtojdiscontinuejthejheparinjinfusionjan
djadministerjthejwarfarinjsodiumjasjprescribed.
2.jCollaboratejwithjthejHCPjtojobtainjajprescriptionjtojincreasejthejheparinjinfusionjand
jadministerjthejwarfarinjsodiumjasjprescribed.
3.jCollaboratejwithjthejHCPjtojwithholdjthejwarfarinjsodiumjsincejthejclientjisjreceivingj
ajheparinjinfusionjandjthejaPTTjisjwithinjthejtherapeuticjrange.
4.jCollaboratejwithjthejHCPjtojcontinuejthejheparinjinfusionjatjthejsamejratejandjtojdis
cussjusejofjdabigatranjetexilatejinjplj-jans-Correctjanswer:j2
Rationale:jWhenjajclientjisjreceivingjwarfarinjforjclotjpreventionjduejtojatrialjfibrillation,j
anjINRjofj2jtoj3jisjappropriatejforjmostjclients.jUntiljthejINRjhasjachievedjajtherapeutic
jrange,jthejclientjshouldjbejmaintainedjonjajcontinuousjheparinjinfusionjwithjthejaPTTjr
angingjbetweenj60jandj80jseconds.
Rationale:jSignsjofjtoxicityjfromjprocainamidejincludejconfusion,jdizziness,jdrowsiness,
jdecreased
urination,jnausea,jvomiting,jandjtachydysrhythmias.jIfjthejclientjcomplainsjofjdizziness,j
thejnurse
shouldjassessjthejvitaljsignsjfirst.jAlthoughjmeasuringjthejheartjratejonjthejrhythmjstrip
jandjobtainingja
12-
leadjelectrocardiogramjmayjbejinterventions,jthesejwouldjbejdonejafterjthejvitaljsignsja
rejtaken.
Nitroglycerinjisjajvasodilatorjandjwilljlowerjthejbloodjpressure.
Therefore,jthejnursejshouldjcollaboratejwithjthejHCPjtojobtainjajprescriptionjtojincreas
ejthejheparinjinfusionjandjtojadministerjthejwarfarinjasjprescribed.
8.jAjclientjisjdiagnosedjwithjanjSTjsegmentjelevationjmyocardialjinfarctionj(STEMI)jan
djisjreceivingjajtissuejplasminogenjactivator,jalteplase.jWhichjactionjisjajpriorityjnursin
gjintervention?
1.jMonitorjforjkidneyjfailure.
2.jMonitorjpsychosocialjstatus.
3.jMonitorjforjsignsjofjbleeding.j4.jHavejheparinjsodiumjavailable.j-jans-
Correctjanswer:j3
Rationale:jTissuejplasminogenjactivatorjisjajthrombolytic.jHemorrhagejisjajcomplicatio
njofjanyjtypejofjthrombolyticjmedication.jThejclientjisjmonitoredjforjbleeding.jMonitoring
jforjrenaljfailurejandjmonitoringjthejclient'sjpsychosocialjstatusjarejimportantjbutjarejno
, tjthejmostjcriticaljinterventions.jHeparinjmayjbejadministeredjafterjthrombolyticjtherapy,
jbutjthejquestionjisjnotjaskingjaboutjfollow-upjmedications.
9.jThejnursejisjplanningjtojadministerjhydrochlorothiazidejtojajclient.jThejnursejshouldj
monitorjforjwhichjadversejeffectsjrelatedjtojthejadministrationjofjthisjmedication?
1.jHypouricemia,jhyperkalemia
2.jIncreasedjriskjofjosteoporosis
3.jHypokalemia,jhyperglycemia,jsulfajallergy
4.jHyperkalemia,jhypoglycemia,jpenicillinjallergyj-jans-Correctjanswer:j3
Rationale:jThiazidejdiureticsjsuchjasjhydrochlorothiazidejarejsulfa-
basedjmedications,jandjajclientjwithjajsulfajallergyjisjatjriskjforjanjallergicjreaction.jAls
o,jclientsjarejatjriskjforjhypokalemia,jhyperglycemia,jhypercalcemia,jhyperlipidemia,jan
djhyperuricemia.
11.jThejnursejisjmonitoringjajclientjwhojisjtakingjdigoxinjforjadversejeffects.jWhichjfind
ingsjare
jcharacteristicjofjdigoxinjtoxicity?jSelectjalljthatjapply.
j1.jTremors
j2.jDiarrhea
j3.jIrritability
j4.jBlurredjvision
j5.jNauseajandjvomitingj-jans-Correctjanswer:j2,j4,j5
Rationale:jDigoxinjisjajcardiacjglycoside.jThejriskjofjtoxicityjcanjoccurjwithjthejusejofjth
isjmedication.
Toxicityjcanjleadjtojlife-
threateningjeventsjandjthejnursejneedsjtojmonitorjthejclientjcloselyjforjsignsjof
toxicity.jEarlyjsignsjofjtoxicityjincludejgastrointestinaljmanifestationsjsuchjasjanorexia,j
nausea,jvomiting,
andjdiarrhea.jSubsequentjmanifestationsjincludejheadache;jvisualjdisturbancesjsuchja
sjdiplopia,jblurred
vision,jyellow-
greenjhalos,jandjphotophobia;jdrowsiness;jfatigue;jandjweakness.jCardiacjrhythm
abnormalitiesjcanjalsojoccur.jThejnursejalsojmonitorsjthejdigoxinjlevel.jThejoptimaljthe
rapeuticjrange
forjdigoxinjisj0.5jtoj0.8jng/mL.
12.jPriorjtojadministeringjajclient'sjdailyjdosejofjdigoxin,jthejnursejreviewsjthejclient's
laboratoryjdatajandjnotesjthejfollowingjresults:jserumjcalcium,j9.8jmg/dLj(2.45jmmol/
L);
serumjmagnesium,j1.0jmEq/Lj(0.5jmmol/L);jserumjpotassium,j4.1jmEq/Lj(4.1jmmol/L);
serumjcreatinine,j0.9jmg/dLj(79.5jmcmol/L).jWhichjresultjshouldjalertjthejnursejthatjthe
clientjisjatjriskjforjdigoxinjtoxicity?
j1.jSerumjcalciumjlevel
j2.jSerumjpotassiumjlevel
