CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS URRY CAIN
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
SOLUTIONS
◉ replication.
Answer: The process of copying DNA before a cell divides.
◉ gene.
Answer: A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a
specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses).
◉ gene expression.
Answer: The process by which information encoded in DNA directs
the synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not
translated into proteins and instead function as RNAs.
◉ genome.
Answer: The genetic material of an organism or virus; the complete
complement of an organism's or virus's genes along with its
noncoding nucleic acid sequences.
◉ genomics.
,Answer: The study of whole sets of genes and their interactions
within a species, as well as genome comparisons between species.
◉ bioinformatics.
Answer: The use of computers, software, and mathematical models
to process and integrate biological information from large data sets.
◉ Bacteria.
Answer: One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Archaea.
◉ Archaea.
Answer: One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Bacteria.
◉ Eukarya.
Answer: The domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms.
◉ natural selection.
Answer: A process in which individuals that have certain inherited
traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other
individuals because of those traits.
◉ science.
Answer: An approach to understanding the natural world.
,◉ inquiry.
Answer: The search for information and explanation, often focusing
on specific questions.
◉ data.
Answer: Recorded observations.
◉ qualitative data.
Answer: A type of recorded observation that is descriptive and not
numerical.
◉ quantitative data.
Answer: A type of recorded observation that is numerical and often
organized into tables and graphs.
◉ inductive reasoning.
Answer: A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large
number of specific observations.
◉ hypothesis.
, Answer: A testable explanation for a set of observations based on
the available data and guided by inductive reasoning. Narrower in
scope than theory.
◉ deductive reasoning.
Answer: A type of logic in which specific results are predicted from a
general premise.
◉ controlled experiment.
Answer: An experiment in which an experimental group is
compared with a control group that varies only in the factor being
tested.
◉ theory.
Answer: An explanation that is broader in scope than a hypothesis,
generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of
evidence.
◉ technology.
Answer: The application of scientific knowledge for a specific
purpose, often involving industry or commerce but also including
uses in basic research.
◉ Activation energy.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
SOLUTIONS
◉ replication.
Answer: The process of copying DNA before a cell divides.
◉ gene.
Answer: A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a
specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses).
◉ gene expression.
Answer: The process by which information encoded in DNA directs
the synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not
translated into proteins and instead function as RNAs.
◉ genome.
Answer: The genetic material of an organism or virus; the complete
complement of an organism's or virus's genes along with its
noncoding nucleic acid sequences.
◉ genomics.
,Answer: The study of whole sets of genes and their interactions
within a species, as well as genome comparisons between species.
◉ bioinformatics.
Answer: The use of computers, software, and mathematical models
to process and integrate biological information from large data sets.
◉ Bacteria.
Answer: One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Archaea.
◉ Archaea.
Answer: One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Bacteria.
◉ Eukarya.
Answer: The domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms.
◉ natural selection.
Answer: A process in which individuals that have certain inherited
traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other
individuals because of those traits.
◉ science.
Answer: An approach to understanding the natural world.
,◉ inquiry.
Answer: The search for information and explanation, often focusing
on specific questions.
◉ data.
Answer: Recorded observations.
◉ qualitative data.
Answer: A type of recorded observation that is descriptive and not
numerical.
◉ quantitative data.
Answer: A type of recorded observation that is numerical and often
organized into tables and graphs.
◉ inductive reasoning.
Answer: A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large
number of specific observations.
◉ hypothesis.
, Answer: A testable explanation for a set of observations based on
the available data and guided by inductive reasoning. Narrower in
scope than theory.
◉ deductive reasoning.
Answer: A type of logic in which specific results are predicted from a
general premise.
◉ controlled experiment.
Answer: An experiment in which an experimental group is
compared with a control group that varies only in the factor being
tested.
◉ theory.
Answer: An explanation that is broader in scope than a hypothesis,
generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of
evidence.
◉ technology.
Answer: The application of scientific knowledge for a specific
purpose, often involving industry or commerce but also including
uses in basic research.
◉ Activation energy.
