NSG 548 Exam 1 V2 | NSG 548 FNP Role: Children &
Families | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NSG548
Exam 1) | Wilkes University
1. According to Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, a 4-year-old child who believes that
their stuffed animal is alive and has feelings is demonstrating which of the following?
A. Object permanence
B. Animism
C. Conservation
D. Transductive reasoning
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Animism is a characteristic of the preoperational stage, where children
attribute life-like qualities to inanimate objects. This stage typically occurs between the
ages of 2 and 7 years. Understanding this concept helps the FNP assess whether a child’s
cognitive development is age-appropriate.
2. In the context of Erikson’s psychosocial stages, a 9-year-old child who is struggling to keep
up with schoolwork and feels inferior to peers is likely in which stage?
A. Industry vs. Inferiority
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
,D. Identity vs. Role Confusion
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The Industry vs. Inferiority stage occurs during the school-age years, roughly
ages 6 to 12. Children at this stage are focused on mastering new skills and gaining a sense
of competence through academic and social successes. Failure to achieve these goals can
lead to feelings of inadequacy and inferiority.
3. Which of the following physical assessment findings is considered a normal variation in a 2-
month-old infant?
A. Closed anterior fontanelle
B. Fixed pupillary response
C. Presence of the Babinski reflex
D. Absence of the Moro reflex
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The Babinski reflex is a normal neurological finding in infants and may
persist until the child is approximately 2 years old. In contrast, the anterior fontanelle
typically closes between 12 and 18 months of age. The Moro reflex should be present at
birth and usually disappears by 4 to 6 months.
4. A 15-month-old child presents for a well-child visit. According to the CDC immunization
schedule, which of the following vaccines should be administered if not already given?
A. Tdap
, B. MMR
C. HPV
D. Meningococcal ACWY
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The first dose of the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine is
recommended between 12 and 15 months of age. It is a live attenuated vaccine and is
critical for preventing outbreaks of these highly contagious viral infections. The second
dose is typically administered between 4 and 6 years of age.
5. When assessing a 3-year-old for language development, the FNP should expect the child to
be able to:
A. Use a vocabulary of at least 2,000 words
B. Speak in 3- to 4-word sentences
C. Identify all letters of the alphabet
D. Follow complex three-step commands
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: By age 3, a child should typically be able to speak in short sentences of three
to four words and be understood by strangers about 75% of the time. Vocabulary at this
age usually ranges from 300 to 1,000 words. These milestones are essential indicators of
normal cognitive and social progression.
Families | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NSG548
Exam 1) | Wilkes University
1. According to Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, a 4-year-old child who believes that
their stuffed animal is alive and has feelings is demonstrating which of the following?
A. Object permanence
B. Animism
C. Conservation
D. Transductive reasoning
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Animism is a characteristic of the preoperational stage, where children
attribute life-like qualities to inanimate objects. This stage typically occurs between the
ages of 2 and 7 years. Understanding this concept helps the FNP assess whether a child’s
cognitive development is age-appropriate.
2. In the context of Erikson’s psychosocial stages, a 9-year-old child who is struggling to keep
up with schoolwork and feels inferior to peers is likely in which stage?
A. Industry vs. Inferiority
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
,D. Identity vs. Role Confusion
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The Industry vs. Inferiority stage occurs during the school-age years, roughly
ages 6 to 12. Children at this stage are focused on mastering new skills and gaining a sense
of competence through academic and social successes. Failure to achieve these goals can
lead to feelings of inadequacy and inferiority.
3. Which of the following physical assessment findings is considered a normal variation in a 2-
month-old infant?
A. Closed anterior fontanelle
B. Fixed pupillary response
C. Presence of the Babinski reflex
D. Absence of the Moro reflex
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The Babinski reflex is a normal neurological finding in infants and may
persist until the child is approximately 2 years old. In contrast, the anterior fontanelle
typically closes between 12 and 18 months of age. The Moro reflex should be present at
birth and usually disappears by 4 to 6 months.
4. A 15-month-old child presents for a well-child visit. According to the CDC immunization
schedule, which of the following vaccines should be administered if not already given?
A. Tdap
, B. MMR
C. HPV
D. Meningococcal ACWY
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The first dose of the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine is
recommended between 12 and 15 months of age. It is a live attenuated vaccine and is
critical for preventing outbreaks of these highly contagious viral infections. The second
dose is typically administered between 4 and 6 years of age.
5. When assessing a 3-year-old for language development, the FNP should expect the child to
be able to:
A. Use a vocabulary of at least 2,000 words
B. Speak in 3- to 4-word sentences
C. Identify all letters of the alphabet
D. Follow complex three-step commands
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: By age 3, a child should typically be able to speak in short sentences of three
to four words and be understood by strangers about 75% of the time. Vocabulary at this
age usually ranges from 300 to 1,000 words. These milestones are essential indicators of
normal cognitive and social progression.
