NSG 436 Exam 2 V2 | NSG 436 Leadership, Ethics,
and Policy in Health Care | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NSG436 Exam 2) | Grand Canyon
University
1. A nurse manager informs the staff that they must adhere to a new clinical protocol for
wound care without seeking their input. This leadership style is most consistent with:
A. Democratic leadership
B. Autocratic leadership
C. Laissez-faire leadership
D. Transformational leadership
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Autocratic leadership involves centralized decision-making with the leader
maintaining full control over the group. This style is often effective in crisis situations
where quick decisions are necessary for safety. However, it can lead to decreased staff
morale because individual input is not valued or sought.
2. Which of the following are core ethical principles used in nursing practice to guide decision-
making? (Select All That Apply)
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Non-maleficence
,D. Justice
E. Paternalism
F. Fidelity
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, F
Explanation: Ethical principles like autonomy, beneficence, and justice provide a
framework for moral reasoning in clinical practice. Non-maleficence ensures that the nurse
does no harm to the patient during care. Fidelity refers to the nurse’s obligation to be
faithful to commitments and maintain trust.
3. According to Lewin’s Change Theory, a nurse manager who is creating dissatisfaction with
the status quo among staff is in which stage?
A. Moving
B. Evaluating
C. Refreezing
D. Unfreezing
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The unfreezing stage involves breaking down the existing equilibrium to
prepare for change. This often requires identifying the need for change and motivating
others to let go of old patterns. It is a critical initial step to minimize resistance before
introducing new methods.
, 4. A nurse is faced with an ethical dilemma where they feel they cannot provide the care they
believe is correct due to institutional constraints. This experience is known as:
A. Moral distress
B. Moral courage
C. Moral uncertainty
D. Moral dilemma
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Moral distress occurs when a professional knows the right thing to do but is
unable to take that action due to internal or external constraints. This can lead to feelings of
frustration, burnout, and emotional exhaustion among healthcare providers. Strategies to
address moral distress include seeking support and participating in ethical consultations.
5. In the legislative process of health policy, what is the first step in creating a new law?
A. A bill is introduced in either house of Congress.
B. The President signs the bill into law.
C. The bill is debated on the floor.
D. A committee reviews the bill and votes on it.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The process begins when a bill is formally introduced by a sponsor in either
the House or the Senate. Once introduced, it is assigned to a committee for detailed study
and Policy in Health Care | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NSG436 Exam 2) | Grand Canyon
University
1. A nurse manager informs the staff that they must adhere to a new clinical protocol for
wound care without seeking their input. This leadership style is most consistent with:
A. Democratic leadership
B. Autocratic leadership
C. Laissez-faire leadership
D. Transformational leadership
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Autocratic leadership involves centralized decision-making with the leader
maintaining full control over the group. This style is often effective in crisis situations
where quick decisions are necessary for safety. However, it can lead to decreased staff
morale because individual input is not valued or sought.
2. Which of the following are core ethical principles used in nursing practice to guide decision-
making? (Select All That Apply)
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Non-maleficence
,D. Justice
E. Paternalism
F. Fidelity
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, F
Explanation: Ethical principles like autonomy, beneficence, and justice provide a
framework for moral reasoning in clinical practice. Non-maleficence ensures that the nurse
does no harm to the patient during care. Fidelity refers to the nurse’s obligation to be
faithful to commitments and maintain trust.
3. According to Lewin’s Change Theory, a nurse manager who is creating dissatisfaction with
the status quo among staff is in which stage?
A. Moving
B. Evaluating
C. Refreezing
D. Unfreezing
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The unfreezing stage involves breaking down the existing equilibrium to
prepare for change. This often requires identifying the need for change and motivating
others to let go of old patterns. It is a critical initial step to minimize resistance before
introducing new methods.
, 4. A nurse is faced with an ethical dilemma where they feel they cannot provide the care they
believe is correct due to institutional constraints. This experience is known as:
A. Moral distress
B. Moral courage
C. Moral uncertainty
D. Moral dilemma
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Moral distress occurs when a professional knows the right thing to do but is
unable to take that action due to internal or external constraints. This can lead to feelings of
frustration, burnout, and emotional exhaustion among healthcare providers. Strategies to
address moral distress include seeking support and participating in ethical consultations.
5. In the legislative process of health policy, what is the first step in creating a new law?
A. A bill is introduced in either house of Congress.
B. The President signs the bill into law.
C. The bill is debated on the floor.
D. A committee reviews the bill and votes on it.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The process begins when a bill is formally introduced by a sponsor in either
the House or the Senate. Once introduced, it is assigned to a committee for detailed study
