ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam Test Bank – Nursing Pharmacology Practice Questions, Study Guide & Exam Review

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A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
administer as prescribed to the client?

1. Calcium chloride


2. Calcium gluconate


3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)


4. Large doses of vitamin D 3. Calcitonin

(Miacalcin) Rationale:

The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is
experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are
medications used for the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of
acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be
avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level
by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium concentration.

10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The
nurse notes that the client is taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the




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medication prescription, the nurse would suspect that the client is being
treated for:

1. Acne


2. Eczema


3. Hair loss

4. Herpes simplex 1.

Acne Rationale:

Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. The
acid appears to work by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes
and decreasing the proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are
incorrect.

100.) Saquinavir (Invirase) is prescribed for the client who is human
immunodeficiency virus seropositive. The nurse reinforces medication
instructions and tells the client to:

1. Avoid sun exposure.


2. Eat low-calorie foods.

3. Eat foods that are low in fat.

4. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
1. Avoid sun exposure.
Rationale:

Saquinavir (Invirase) is an antiretroviral (protease inhibitor) used with other
antiretroviral medications to manage human immunodeficiency virus
infection. Saquinavir is administered with meals and is best absorbed if the
client consumes high-calorie, high-fat meals. Saquinavir can cause
photosensitivity, and the nurse should instruct the client to avoid sun
exposure.


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101.) Ketoconazole is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of candidiasis.
Select the interventions that the nurse includes when administering this
medication. Select all that apply.

1. Restrict fluid intake.


2. Instruct the client to avoid alcohol.

3. Monitor hepatic and liver function studies.

4. Administer the medication with an antacid.

5. Instruct the client to avoid exposure to the sun.

6. Administer the medication on an empty stomach. 2. Instruct the client
to avoid alcohol.

3. Monitor hepatic and liver function studies.

5. Instruct the client to avoid exposure to

the sun. Rationale:

Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication. It is administered with food (not
on an empty stomach) and antacids are avoided for 2 hours after taking the
medication to ensure absorption. The medication is hepatotoxic and the
nurse monitors liver function studies. The client is instructed to avoid
exposure to the sun because the medication increases photosensitivity. The
client is also instructed to avoid alcohol. There is no reason for the client to
restrict fluid intake. In fact, this could be harmful to the client.




102.) A client with human immunodeficiency virus is taking nevirapine
(Viramune). The nurse should monitor for which adverse effects of the
medication? Select all that apply.

1. Rash


2. Hepatotoxicity
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3. Hyperglycemia


4. Peripheral neuropathy


5. Reduced bone mineral density

1. Rash

2.Hepatotoxic

it y Rationale:

Nevirapine (Viramune) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
(NRTI) that is used to treat HIV infection. It is used in combination with
other antiretroviral medications to treat HIV. Adverse effects include rash,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, hepatitis, and increased transaminase levels.
Hyperglycemia, peripheral neuropathy, and reduced bone density are not
adverse effects of this medication.

103.) A nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who has been taking clozapine
(Clozaril) for the treatment of a schizophrenic disorder. Which laboratory
study prescribed for the client will the nurse specifically review to monitor
for an adverse effect associated with the use of this medication?

1. Platelet count

2. Cholesterol level

3. White blood cell count

4. Blood urea nitrogen level 3. White blood cell count Rationale:

Hematological reactions can occur in the client taking clozapine and include
agranulocytosis and mild leukopenia. The white blood cell count should be
checked before initiating treatment and should be monitored closely during
the use of this medication. The client should also be monitored for signs
indicating agranulocytosis, which may include sore throat, malaise, and
fever. Options 1, 2, and 4 are unrelated to this medication.

104.) Disulfiram (Antabuse) is prescribed for a client who is seen in the
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