NRSG 100 Final Exam V3 | NRSG 100 Fundamentals
of Nursing | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NRSG100
Final Exam) | Ivy Tech
1. A nurse is reviewing a patient’s medical record and finds a provider’s order for a clear
liquid diet. Which of the following items should the nurse offer the patient?
A. Vanilla pudding
B. Apple juice
C. Tomato soup
D. Orange juice with pulp
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are transparent and liquid at room
temperature. Apple juice is considered a clear liquid because it is translucent and contains
no solids or pulp. In contrast, pudding, tomato soup, and pulpy juices are considered full
liquids or soft foods, which are not allowed on this restrictive diet.
2. When implementing the RACE acronym during a fire emergency, what does the ‘E’
represent?
A. Examine
B. Evacuate
C. Extinguish
,D. Exit
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The RACE acronym is a widely used protocol in healthcare facilities to guide
staff during a fire. It stands for Rescue, Alarm, Confine, and Extinguish or Evacuate. The
final step involves attempting to put out the fire if it is safe to do so or proceeding with total
evacuation.
3. A nurse is assessing a patient’s pain. Which of the following is the most reliable indicator of
pain?
A. The patient’s self-report
B. The nurse’s clinical judgment
C. The patient’s vital signs
D. Facial expressions and body language
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Pain is a highly subjective experience that is unique to each individual
patient. While physiological signs and behavioral cues provide helpful context, the patient’s
own description is the gold standard for assessment. Nurses must accept the patient’s
report of pain as the most accurate reflection of their physical and emotional state.
4. The nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular (IM) injection to an adult. Which of
the following sites is preferred for its safety and lack of large nerves?
A. Ventrogluteal
, B. Dorsogluteal
C. Vastus lateralis
D. Deltoid
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The ventrogluteal site is the preferred location for IM injections in adults and
children over seven months. This site involves the gluteus medius and minimus muscles
and is situated away from major blood vessels and the sciatic nerve. Using this site
significantly reduces the risk of injury compared to the older dorsogluteal approach.
5. A nurse observes a student nurse performing hand hygiene. Which action by the student
requires further instruction?
A. Washing for at least 20 seconds
B. Using warm water rather than hot water
C. Drying from the elbows down to the fingertips
D. Applying friction to all surfaces of the hands
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Proper hand hygiene requires drying from the cleanest area to the least clean
area to prevent contamination. The fingertips are considered the cleanest part after
washing, so one should dry from the fingers up toward the wrists and elbows. Drying in the
of Nursing | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NRSG100
Final Exam) | Ivy Tech
1. A nurse is reviewing a patient’s medical record and finds a provider’s order for a clear
liquid diet. Which of the following items should the nurse offer the patient?
A. Vanilla pudding
B. Apple juice
C. Tomato soup
D. Orange juice with pulp
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are transparent and liquid at room
temperature. Apple juice is considered a clear liquid because it is translucent and contains
no solids or pulp. In contrast, pudding, tomato soup, and pulpy juices are considered full
liquids or soft foods, which are not allowed on this restrictive diet.
2. When implementing the RACE acronym during a fire emergency, what does the ‘E’
represent?
A. Examine
B. Evacuate
C. Extinguish
,D. Exit
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The RACE acronym is a widely used protocol in healthcare facilities to guide
staff during a fire. It stands for Rescue, Alarm, Confine, and Extinguish or Evacuate. The
final step involves attempting to put out the fire if it is safe to do so or proceeding with total
evacuation.
3. A nurse is assessing a patient’s pain. Which of the following is the most reliable indicator of
pain?
A. The patient’s self-report
B. The nurse’s clinical judgment
C. The patient’s vital signs
D. Facial expressions and body language
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Pain is a highly subjective experience that is unique to each individual
patient. While physiological signs and behavioral cues provide helpful context, the patient’s
own description is the gold standard for assessment. Nurses must accept the patient’s
report of pain as the most accurate reflection of their physical and emotional state.
4. The nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular (IM) injection to an adult. Which of
the following sites is preferred for its safety and lack of large nerves?
A. Ventrogluteal
, B. Dorsogluteal
C. Vastus lateralis
D. Deltoid
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The ventrogluteal site is the preferred location for IM injections in adults and
children over seven months. This site involves the gluteus medius and minimus muscles
and is situated away from major blood vessels and the sciatic nerve. Using this site
significantly reduces the risk of injury compared to the older dorsogluteal approach.
5. A nurse observes a student nurse performing hand hygiene. Which action by the student
requires further instruction?
A. Washing for at least 20 seconds
B. Using warm water rather than hot water
C. Drying from the elbows down to the fingertips
D. Applying friction to all surfaces of the hands
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Proper hand hygiene requires drying from the cleanest area to the least clean
area to prevent contamination. The fingertips are considered the cleanest part after
washing, so one should dry from the fingers up toward the wrists and elbows. Drying in the
