NUR 209 EXAM 4: ADVANCED
PEDIATRIC AND MEDICAL-SURGICAL
NURSING QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS (LATEST ), (A+
GUARANTEE).
1. A 4-year-old child with Tetralogy of Fallot becomes acutely cyanotic and hyperpneic. Which
position should the nurse place the child in first?
A. High Fowler’s position
B. Knee-chest position
C. Prone position
D. Supine with legs extended
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
which decreases the right-to-left shunt associated with a ‘tet spell’ in Tetralogy of Fallot,
improving oxygenation.
2. Which clinical manifestation is a classic sign of Intussusception in an infant?
A. Projectile vomiting after feeding
B. Ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools
,C. Currant jelly-like stools
D. Steatorrhea and abdominal distension
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Currant jelly-like stools, composed of blood and mucus, are a
hallmark finding of intussusception as the intestinal wall becomes inflamed and bleeds.
3. A nurse is caring for a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which action is strictly
contraindicated?
A. Administering humidified oxygen
B. Visualizing the throat with a tongue depressor
C. Starting a peripheral IV line
D. Monitoring pulse oximetry
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Attempting to visualize the throat with a tongue depressor can
trigger a laryngospasm and complete airway obstruction in a child with epiglottitis.
4. In a child with Nephrotic Syndrome, the nurse expects to find which of the following lab
results?
A. High serum albumin and hematuria
B. Hyperlipidemia and massive proteinuria
C. Hypolipidemia and glycosuria
, D. Low specific gravity and low BUN
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria,
hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia as the liver compensates for lost protein.
5. A child is admitted with a Vaso-occlusive Sickle Cell Crisis. What is the priority nursing
intervention?
A. Administering oxygen at 2L/min
B. Initiating intravenous fluid hydration
C. Cold compresses to painful joints
D. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Hydration is the priority to reduce blood viscosity and prevent
further sickling. Oxygen is only useful if the patient is hypoxic, and cold compresses cause
vasoconstriction, worsening the crisis.
6. What is the primary goal of treatment for a child with Hemophilia A who is experiencing an
acute bleeding episode?
A. Administration of Factor IX
B. Replacement of Factor VIII
C. Platelet transfusion
PEDIATRIC AND MEDICAL-SURGICAL
NURSING QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS (LATEST ), (A+
GUARANTEE).
1. A 4-year-old child with Tetralogy of Fallot becomes acutely cyanotic and hyperpneic. Which
position should the nurse place the child in first?
A. High Fowler’s position
B. Knee-chest position
C. Prone position
D. Supine with legs extended
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
which decreases the right-to-left shunt associated with a ‘tet spell’ in Tetralogy of Fallot,
improving oxygenation.
2. Which clinical manifestation is a classic sign of Intussusception in an infant?
A. Projectile vomiting after feeding
B. Ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools
,C. Currant jelly-like stools
D. Steatorrhea and abdominal distension
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Currant jelly-like stools, composed of blood and mucus, are a
hallmark finding of intussusception as the intestinal wall becomes inflamed and bleeds.
3. A nurse is caring for a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which action is strictly
contraindicated?
A. Administering humidified oxygen
B. Visualizing the throat with a tongue depressor
C. Starting a peripheral IV line
D. Monitoring pulse oximetry
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Attempting to visualize the throat with a tongue depressor can
trigger a laryngospasm and complete airway obstruction in a child with epiglottitis.
4. In a child with Nephrotic Syndrome, the nurse expects to find which of the following lab
results?
A. High serum albumin and hematuria
B. Hyperlipidemia and massive proteinuria
C. Hypolipidemia and glycosuria
, D. Low specific gravity and low BUN
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria,
hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia as the liver compensates for lost protein.
5. A child is admitted with a Vaso-occlusive Sickle Cell Crisis. What is the priority nursing
intervention?
A. Administering oxygen at 2L/min
B. Initiating intravenous fluid hydration
C. Cold compresses to painful joints
D. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Hydration is the priority to reduce blood viscosity and prevent
further sickling. Oxygen is only useful if the patient is hypoxic, and cold compresses cause
vasoconstriction, worsening the crisis.
6. What is the primary goal of treatment for a child with Hemophilia A who is experiencing an
acute bleeding episode?
A. Administration of Factor IX
B. Replacement of Factor VIII
C. Platelet transfusion
