NRS 425 Final Exam V2 | NRS 425 Health
Promotion and Population Health | Actual Q&A
with Rationale (NRS425 Final Exam) | Grand
Canyon University
1. A nurse is planning a community-wide program to increase physical activity. Which action
represents primary prevention?
A. Conducting a health education session on the benefits of walking for elementary
students.
B. Screening middle-aged adults for early signs of osteoporosis.
C. Providing rehabilitation exercises for patients after a myocardial infarction.
D. Administering insulin to a client with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the onset of disease through
health promotion and specific protection. By educating students on walking, the nurse is
encouraging healthy habits before any disease process begins. This level of prevention is
proactive and aims to reduce the incidence of disease in a population.
2. According to the Health Belief Model, which factor is most likely to influence a patient’s
decision to get an annual flu vaccine?
A. The patient’s level of education and socioeconomic status.
B. Perceived susceptibility to the flu and perceived benefits of the vaccine.
,C. The availability of transport to the local health clinic.
D. Biological factors such as age and genetic predisposition.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The Health Belief Model posits that individual actions are driven by
perceptions of a health threat and the effectiveness of a behavior to reduce that threat.
Perceived susceptibility refers to the patient’s belief about the risk of getting the illness,
while perceived benefits involve the effectiveness of the intervention. When both are high,
the individual is more likely to engage in the health-promoting behavior.
3. A community health nurse is using the epidemiological triad to investigate an outbreak of
food poisoning. Which of the following represents the ‘agent’?
A. The contaminated potato salad served at the picnic.
B. The Salmonella bacteria identified in the stool samples.
C. The individuals who attended the community event.
D. The warm temperature of the room where the food was stored.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In the epidemiological triad, the agent is the factor that must be present for a
disease to occur, such as a bacterium or virus. Salmonella represents the specific biological
agent responsible for the outbreak in this scenario. The environment consists of external
factors like temperature, while the host consists of the individuals affected.
,4. The nurse is identifying social determinants of health (SDOH) that impact a specific
community. Which of the following factors should the nurse include? (Select All That Apply)
A. Economic stability and employment opportunities.
B. Education access and quality.
C. Genetic inheritance and chromosomal abnormalities.
D. Neighborhood and built environment safety.
E. Social and community context.
F. Health care access and quality.
Correct Answer: A, B, D, E, F
Explanation: Healthy People 2030 categorizes SDOH into five domains: economic stability,
education, social/community context, health care access, and the neighborhood
environment. Genetic inheritance is considered a biological factor rather than a social
determinant. Addressing these broad societal factors is essential for achieving health
equity and improving population outcomes.
5. Which intervention is an example of secondary prevention for a population at risk for
tuberculosis (TB)?
A. Administering the BCG vaccine to infants in high-risk countries.
B. Performing Tuberculin Skin Tests (TST) at a homeless shelter.
C. Providing DOT (Directly Observed Therapy) for a patient with active TB.
, D. Educating the community on how to prevent the spread of respiratory droplets.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Secondary prevention involves early detection and screening to identify a
disease in its earliest stages. Performing skin tests helps identify infected individuals who
may not yet show symptoms, allowing for early treatment. This differs from primary
prevention, which aims to prevent infection entirely, and tertiary prevention, which
manages established disease.
6. A nurse is conducting a windshield survey of a new neighborhood. Which observation
provides the best data regarding the community’s ‘human-made’ environment?
A. The frequency of interactions between neighbors.
B. The prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases among residents.
C. The average age and ethnicity of individuals walking on the street.
D. The presence of parks, sidewalks, and bike lanes.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: A windshield survey is an objective assessment of a community performed
while driving through the area. Infrastructure such as parks and sidewalks represents the
built environment, which significantly impacts physical activity levels. Observing these
physical structures helps the nurse understand the environmental supports or barriers to
health in that population.
Promotion and Population Health | Actual Q&A
with Rationale (NRS425 Final Exam) | Grand
Canyon University
1. A nurse is planning a community-wide program to increase physical activity. Which action
represents primary prevention?
A. Conducting a health education session on the benefits of walking for elementary
students.
B. Screening middle-aged adults for early signs of osteoporosis.
C. Providing rehabilitation exercises for patients after a myocardial infarction.
D. Administering insulin to a client with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the onset of disease through
health promotion and specific protection. By educating students on walking, the nurse is
encouraging healthy habits before any disease process begins. This level of prevention is
proactive and aims to reduce the incidence of disease in a population.
2. According to the Health Belief Model, which factor is most likely to influence a patient’s
decision to get an annual flu vaccine?
A. The patient’s level of education and socioeconomic status.
B. Perceived susceptibility to the flu and perceived benefits of the vaccine.
,C. The availability of transport to the local health clinic.
D. Biological factors such as age and genetic predisposition.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The Health Belief Model posits that individual actions are driven by
perceptions of a health threat and the effectiveness of a behavior to reduce that threat.
Perceived susceptibility refers to the patient’s belief about the risk of getting the illness,
while perceived benefits involve the effectiveness of the intervention. When both are high,
the individual is more likely to engage in the health-promoting behavior.
3. A community health nurse is using the epidemiological triad to investigate an outbreak of
food poisoning. Which of the following represents the ‘agent’?
A. The contaminated potato salad served at the picnic.
B. The Salmonella bacteria identified in the stool samples.
C. The individuals who attended the community event.
D. The warm temperature of the room where the food was stored.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In the epidemiological triad, the agent is the factor that must be present for a
disease to occur, such as a bacterium or virus. Salmonella represents the specific biological
agent responsible for the outbreak in this scenario. The environment consists of external
factors like temperature, while the host consists of the individuals affected.
,4. The nurse is identifying social determinants of health (SDOH) that impact a specific
community. Which of the following factors should the nurse include? (Select All That Apply)
A. Economic stability and employment opportunities.
B. Education access and quality.
C. Genetic inheritance and chromosomal abnormalities.
D. Neighborhood and built environment safety.
E. Social and community context.
F. Health care access and quality.
Correct Answer: A, B, D, E, F
Explanation: Healthy People 2030 categorizes SDOH into five domains: economic stability,
education, social/community context, health care access, and the neighborhood
environment. Genetic inheritance is considered a biological factor rather than a social
determinant. Addressing these broad societal factors is essential for achieving health
equity and improving population outcomes.
5. Which intervention is an example of secondary prevention for a population at risk for
tuberculosis (TB)?
A. Administering the BCG vaccine to infants in high-risk countries.
B. Performing Tuberculin Skin Tests (TST) at a homeless shelter.
C. Providing DOT (Directly Observed Therapy) for a patient with active TB.
, D. Educating the community on how to prevent the spread of respiratory droplets.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Secondary prevention involves early detection and screening to identify a
disease in its earliest stages. Performing skin tests helps identify infected individuals who
may not yet show symptoms, allowing for early treatment. This differs from primary
prevention, which aims to prevent infection entirely, and tertiary prevention, which
manages established disease.
6. A nurse is conducting a windshield survey of a new neighborhood. Which observation
provides the best data regarding the community’s ‘human-made’ environment?
A. The frequency of interactions between neighbors.
B. The prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases among residents.
C. The average age and ethnicity of individuals walking on the street.
D. The presence of parks, sidewalks, and bike lanes.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: A windshield survey is an objective assessment of a community performed
while driving through the area. Infrastructure such as parks and sidewalks represents the
built environment, which significantly impacts physical activity levels. Observing these
physical structures helps the nurse understand the environmental supports or barriers to
health in that population.
