Philosophy 101 - Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers
Question 1.
Options when presented with an ar-gument (3)
Correct Answer: 1) Disagree with one of the claims used in the argu-ment
2) Challenge whether the claims support the conclu-sion
3) Accept the conclusion
Question 2.
Definition of Arguement
Correct Answer: An arguement
Question 3.
Logic
Correct Answer: The formal study of arguements
Question 4.
Veracious
Correct Answer: When all premises are true
Question 5.
Valid
Correct Answer: An argument is valid when its premises give the right kind of
to the conclusion
Question 6.
Sound
Correct Answer: An argument is sound when it is both veracious and valid
Question 7.
State 2 aspects of philosophy that Bertrand Russell says make it impor-tant. Choose 1 and
explain what he means.
Correct Answer: -Speculative interest in the world is a good thing, and
keeps it alive
-Philosophy is to be studied, not for the sake of any definite answers to its
rather, for the sake of the questions themselves.
-Explanation: Because these questions enlarge our conception of what is
enrich our intellectual imagination, and diminish the dogmatic assurances which
the mind. Above all, because the mind and the universe are two great things,
their union constitutes the highest good.
, Question 8.
Plato's Apology
Correct Answer: -The trial of socrates
-Charged with impiety (failure to follow the Gods) and corrupting the youth
-According to Socrates, his friend Chaerophon went to the oracle at Delphi, and
if there was anyone at all wiser than Socrates, and the Oracle said no.
-Socrates went in search of someone wiser than him (COUNTER EXAMPLE)
-Everywhere he went to find a counterexample, the supposedly wise people
not that wise.
-"If I do not know something, I do not think I do"
-He thinks it would be ridiculous to abandon his divine profession on fear of
Question 9.
Socrates's proposed punishment
Correct Answer: -He should either be rewarded with lavish gifts by the court or
a trivial amount
-He is sentenced to death
Question 10.
Socrates and Russel's Main Point
Correct Answer: Philosophy's value is in helping guard against false knowledge
Question 11.
Paradox
Correct Answer: An argument whose premises appear to be obvious or common
and whose conclusion appears to be absurd or contradictory
Question 12.
Zeno's Paradoxes
Correct Answer: Parmenides argued that change was impossible, because
requires there to be nothingness.
• And nothingness, said Parmenides, can't be in any sense.
• Zeno offered his paradoxes in support of Parmenides's position.
-Achilles and the Tortoise Example
-No matter how slow the tortoise is, if it is given a head-start it will always be
further ahead while Achilles is getting to the next step
-Before Zeno can reach the finish line, he must make it to the halfway point, but
making it to that halfway point, he must make it halfway between B and Z (the
line)
-Conclusion: it is impossible to move from one point to the next in a finite
of time
-People agree that something is wrong with the argument, but disagree on
it actually goes wrong.
Question 1.
Options when presented with an ar-gument (3)
Correct Answer: 1) Disagree with one of the claims used in the argu-ment
2) Challenge whether the claims support the conclu-sion
3) Accept the conclusion
Question 2.
Definition of Arguement
Correct Answer: An arguement
Question 3.
Logic
Correct Answer: The formal study of arguements
Question 4.
Veracious
Correct Answer: When all premises are true
Question 5.
Valid
Correct Answer: An argument is valid when its premises give the right kind of
to the conclusion
Question 6.
Sound
Correct Answer: An argument is sound when it is both veracious and valid
Question 7.
State 2 aspects of philosophy that Bertrand Russell says make it impor-tant. Choose 1 and
explain what he means.
Correct Answer: -Speculative interest in the world is a good thing, and
keeps it alive
-Philosophy is to be studied, not for the sake of any definite answers to its
rather, for the sake of the questions themselves.
-Explanation: Because these questions enlarge our conception of what is
enrich our intellectual imagination, and diminish the dogmatic assurances which
the mind. Above all, because the mind and the universe are two great things,
their union constitutes the highest good.
, Question 8.
Plato's Apology
Correct Answer: -The trial of socrates
-Charged with impiety (failure to follow the Gods) and corrupting the youth
-According to Socrates, his friend Chaerophon went to the oracle at Delphi, and
if there was anyone at all wiser than Socrates, and the Oracle said no.
-Socrates went in search of someone wiser than him (COUNTER EXAMPLE)
-Everywhere he went to find a counterexample, the supposedly wise people
not that wise.
-"If I do not know something, I do not think I do"
-He thinks it would be ridiculous to abandon his divine profession on fear of
Question 9.
Socrates's proposed punishment
Correct Answer: -He should either be rewarded with lavish gifts by the court or
a trivial amount
-He is sentenced to death
Question 10.
Socrates and Russel's Main Point
Correct Answer: Philosophy's value is in helping guard against false knowledge
Question 11.
Paradox
Correct Answer: An argument whose premises appear to be obvious or common
and whose conclusion appears to be absurd or contradictory
Question 12.
Zeno's Paradoxes
Correct Answer: Parmenides argued that change was impossible, because
requires there to be nothingness.
• And nothingness, said Parmenides, can't be in any sense.
• Zeno offered his paradoxes in support of Parmenides's position.
-Achilles and the Tortoise Example
-No matter how slow the tortoise is, if it is given a head-start it will always be
further ahead while Achilles is getting to the next step
-Before Zeno can reach the finish line, he must make it to the halfway point, but
making it to that halfway point, he must make it halfway between B and Z (the
line)
-Conclusion: it is impossible to move from one point to the next in a finite
of time
-People agree that something is wrong with the argument, but disagree on
it actually goes wrong.
