BPK 105 FINAL COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
●● Synaptic Cleft
Answer: The neurotransmitter acetylcholine must pass across the _____
to trigger action potential within the muscle.
●● Sarcomere
Answer: The basic functional unit of the skeletal muscle, the _____,
spans between two z disks & is decreased in length during the sliding
filament model of contraction.
●● (X) Concentric
Answer: During a _____ contraction, the muscle shortens as it generates
force, such as when lifting a weight.
●● Eccentric
Answer: When a heavy weight is lowered slowly the muscle contracts as
it lengthens, indicating a(n) _____ type isotonic contraction.
●● Depolarize
,Answer: An inward rush of sodium ions causes the inside of the cell to
_____ & become more positive.
●● Motor Unit
Answer: A(n) _____ may contain a few or hundreds of muscle fibers
controlled by a single motor neuron.
●● Summation
Answer: When muscle stimulation occurs before complete relaxation of
a fiber _____ or an increase in muscle fiber tension results.
●● Actin
Answer: Thin myofilaments of muscle are mainly composed of _____
along with troponin & tropomyosin.
●● Acetylcholine
Answer: The neurotransmitter _____ binds to sodium receptors on the
postsynaptic membrane of muscle to stimulate the opening of sodium
channels & action potential.
●● Anaerobic
Answer: _____ respiration supports intense muscle contraction for up to
2-3 mins, does not require oxygen, and results in the production of ATP
and lactic acid.
, ●● (X) Isometric
Answer: In a(n) _____ contraction, the muscle generates force without
changing its length, such as when holding a weight in a fixed position.
●● Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Answer: Action potentials in the T tubules of muscle cause the _____ to
release calcium into the sarcoplasm.
●● Tetanus
Answer: Stimulation so rapid that there is no relaxation results in _____
due to the build-up of calcium ions.
●● Synapse
Answer: The _____ connects the motor neuron with the muscle fiber &
facilitates the transfer of the stimulus that results in muscle contraction.
●● Action Potential
Answer: The rapid depolarization & repolarization of the cell membrane
that results in muscle contraction is referred to as a(n) _____.
●● Aerobic
Answer: _____ respiration is very efficient and requires oxygen to
produce ATP within the mitochondria.
STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
●● Synaptic Cleft
Answer: The neurotransmitter acetylcholine must pass across the _____
to trigger action potential within the muscle.
●● Sarcomere
Answer: The basic functional unit of the skeletal muscle, the _____,
spans between two z disks & is decreased in length during the sliding
filament model of contraction.
●● (X) Concentric
Answer: During a _____ contraction, the muscle shortens as it generates
force, such as when lifting a weight.
●● Eccentric
Answer: When a heavy weight is lowered slowly the muscle contracts as
it lengthens, indicating a(n) _____ type isotonic contraction.
●● Depolarize
,Answer: An inward rush of sodium ions causes the inside of the cell to
_____ & become more positive.
●● Motor Unit
Answer: A(n) _____ may contain a few or hundreds of muscle fibers
controlled by a single motor neuron.
●● Summation
Answer: When muscle stimulation occurs before complete relaxation of
a fiber _____ or an increase in muscle fiber tension results.
●● Actin
Answer: Thin myofilaments of muscle are mainly composed of _____
along with troponin & tropomyosin.
●● Acetylcholine
Answer: The neurotransmitter _____ binds to sodium receptors on the
postsynaptic membrane of muscle to stimulate the opening of sodium
channels & action potential.
●● Anaerobic
Answer: _____ respiration supports intense muscle contraction for up to
2-3 mins, does not require oxygen, and results in the production of ATP
and lactic acid.
, ●● (X) Isometric
Answer: In a(n) _____ contraction, the muscle generates force without
changing its length, such as when holding a weight in a fixed position.
●● Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Answer: Action potentials in the T tubules of muscle cause the _____ to
release calcium into the sarcoplasm.
●● Tetanus
Answer: Stimulation so rapid that there is no relaxation results in _____
due to the build-up of calcium ions.
●● Synapse
Answer: The _____ connects the motor neuron with the muscle fiber &
facilitates the transfer of the stimulus that results in muscle contraction.
●● Action Potential
Answer: The rapid depolarization & repolarization of the cell membrane
that results in muscle contraction is referred to as a(n) _____.
●● Aerobic
Answer: _____ respiration is very efficient and requires oxygen to
produce ATP within the mitochondria.
