BIOS 242 WEEKLY REVIEWS KEY CONCEPTS
AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS
◉ Beta-lactamase.
Answer: Enzyme produced by bacteria that breaks the beta-lactam
ring of antibiotics, causing resistance to penicillins and some
cephalosporins.
◉ Penicillin.
Answer: Targets cell wall synthesis.
◉ Vancomycin.
Answer: Targets cell wall.
◉ Tetracycline.
Answer: Targets 30S ribosome for protein synthesis.
◉ Azithromycin.
Answer: Targets 50S ribosome.
◉ Fluoroquinolones.
Answer: Targets DNA replication.
, ◉ Sulfonamides.
Answer: Targets folic acid synthesis.
◉ Synthetic drugs.
Answer: Made completely in the laboratory.
◉ Semisynthetic drugs.
Answer: Natural antibiotics that are chemically modified.
◉ Barophiles.
Answer: Organisms that grow best under high pressure.
◉ Halophiles.
Answer: Organisms that require high salt.
◉ Acidophiles.
Answer: Organisms that thrive in acidic environments.
◉ Alkaliphiles.
Answer: Organisms that thrive in basic environments.
AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS
◉ Beta-lactamase.
Answer: Enzyme produced by bacteria that breaks the beta-lactam
ring of antibiotics, causing resistance to penicillins and some
cephalosporins.
◉ Penicillin.
Answer: Targets cell wall synthesis.
◉ Vancomycin.
Answer: Targets cell wall.
◉ Tetracycline.
Answer: Targets 30S ribosome for protein synthesis.
◉ Azithromycin.
Answer: Targets 50S ribosome.
◉ Fluoroquinolones.
Answer: Targets DNA replication.
, ◉ Sulfonamides.
Answer: Targets folic acid synthesis.
◉ Synthetic drugs.
Answer: Made completely in the laboratory.
◉ Semisynthetic drugs.
Answer: Natural antibiotics that are chemically modified.
◉ Barophiles.
Answer: Organisms that grow best under high pressure.
◉ Halophiles.
Answer: Organisms that require high salt.
◉ Acidophiles.
Answer: Organisms that thrive in acidic environments.
◉ Alkaliphiles.
Answer: Organisms that thrive in basic environments.