WGU C180 Final Exam / C180 Introduction to
Psychology OA Guide | Latest
Update | 100% Verified Questions & Answers |
Grade A
What do psychologists study? .....✓✓
• Biological Foundations
• Mental Life
• Change
• Self and Others
• Potential and Dysfunction
What is the scientific method and how is it applied to psychological research?
The scientific method is the set of assumptions, rules, and procedures scientists use to
conduct research. In addition to requiring that science is verifiable, the scientific
method demands that procedures are free of personal bias.
What is the definition of a hypothesis?
A specific and falsifiable prediction about the relationship between two or more
variables.
What is an operational definition? Provide an example.
An operational definition refers to a precise statement of how a conceptual variable (
abstract idea that form the basis of research hypotheses ) which is turned into a
,measured variable ( varialbes consisting of numbers that represent the conceptual
variables )
(Conceptual Variable) Depression - (operational definition) Number of negative words
used in a creative story; number of appointments made with a psychotherapist
Why are ethical guidelines needed within psychological research?
These are needed with psychological research is the prevent physical and/or emotional
harm to the participants.
What are the various research methods in the field of psychology?
Descriptive Research
Correlational Research
Experimental Research
What is descriptive research?
research designed to provide a snapshot of the current state of affairs.
What is Correlational Research
research designed to discover relationships among variables and to allow the prediction
of future events from present knowledge.
What is Experimental Research
research in which there is a random assignment of research participants into two
groups. This is followed by a manipulation of a given experience for one group while the
,other is not manipulated. One group is the experimental group that receives the
manipulation. The other group is the control group that does not. The two groups are
then compared to determine the influence of the manipulation.
What is the relationship between a population and a sample?
The people chosen to participate in the research, called a sample, are selected to be
representative of all the people that the researcher wishes to know about, called the
population. "Sampling is the process of selecting a representative group from the
population under study. The target population is the total group of individuals from
which the sample might be drawn. A sample is the group of people who take part in the
investigation. The people who take part are referred to as "participants"."
Independent Variable
The variable in an experiment that is manipulated or compared
Dependent Variable
The variable in an experiment that is measured; the outcome of an experiment
Control Group
The group of subjects in an experiment that does not receive the independent variable
Experimental Group
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP is the group receiving the independent variable
, What does a correlational research design examine? Provide an example.
research designed to discover relationships among variables and to allow the prediction
of future events from present knowledge.
Describe examples of a positive and a negative correlation.
Correlational-To assess the relationships between and among two or more variables.
Postiive - As children age they get better at math
Negative - Age of a child and the number of diapers they use "Negative correlation, the
variables move in inverse, or opposite, directions. As one variable increases, the other
variable decreases. For example, there is a negative correlation between self-esteem and
depression. Positive correlation is when there is an increase in one variable it is
associated with an increase in another variable. For example: with height and weight,
taller people tend to be heavier."
What are the differences in interpretations of correlational and experimental designs?
In correlational studies a researcher looks for associations among naturally occurring
variables, whereas in experimental studies the researcher introduces a change and then
monitors its effects.
"An experiment isolates and manipulates the independent variable to observe its effect
on the dependent variable, and controls the environment in order that extraneous
variables may be eliminated. Experiments establish cause and effect. A correlation
identifies variables and looks for a relationship between them."
What are the four parts of a neuron and its role in neural communication?
Cell Body (Soma), Dendrites, Axon, Myelin Sheath
Cell Body (Soma)
Psychology OA Guide | Latest
Update | 100% Verified Questions & Answers |
Grade A
What do psychologists study? .....✓✓
• Biological Foundations
• Mental Life
• Change
• Self and Others
• Potential and Dysfunction
What is the scientific method and how is it applied to psychological research?
The scientific method is the set of assumptions, rules, and procedures scientists use to
conduct research. In addition to requiring that science is verifiable, the scientific
method demands that procedures are free of personal bias.
What is the definition of a hypothesis?
A specific and falsifiable prediction about the relationship between two or more
variables.
What is an operational definition? Provide an example.
An operational definition refers to a precise statement of how a conceptual variable (
abstract idea that form the basis of research hypotheses ) which is turned into a
,measured variable ( varialbes consisting of numbers that represent the conceptual
variables )
(Conceptual Variable) Depression - (operational definition) Number of negative words
used in a creative story; number of appointments made with a psychotherapist
Why are ethical guidelines needed within psychological research?
These are needed with psychological research is the prevent physical and/or emotional
harm to the participants.
What are the various research methods in the field of psychology?
Descriptive Research
Correlational Research
Experimental Research
What is descriptive research?
research designed to provide a snapshot of the current state of affairs.
What is Correlational Research
research designed to discover relationships among variables and to allow the prediction
of future events from present knowledge.
What is Experimental Research
research in which there is a random assignment of research participants into two
groups. This is followed by a manipulation of a given experience for one group while the
,other is not manipulated. One group is the experimental group that receives the
manipulation. The other group is the control group that does not. The two groups are
then compared to determine the influence of the manipulation.
What is the relationship between a population and a sample?
The people chosen to participate in the research, called a sample, are selected to be
representative of all the people that the researcher wishes to know about, called the
population. "Sampling is the process of selecting a representative group from the
population under study. The target population is the total group of individuals from
which the sample might be drawn. A sample is the group of people who take part in the
investigation. The people who take part are referred to as "participants"."
Independent Variable
The variable in an experiment that is manipulated or compared
Dependent Variable
The variable in an experiment that is measured; the outcome of an experiment
Control Group
The group of subjects in an experiment that does not receive the independent variable
Experimental Group
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP is the group receiving the independent variable
, What does a correlational research design examine? Provide an example.
research designed to discover relationships among variables and to allow the prediction
of future events from present knowledge.
Describe examples of a positive and a negative correlation.
Correlational-To assess the relationships between and among two or more variables.
Postiive - As children age they get better at math
Negative - Age of a child and the number of diapers they use "Negative correlation, the
variables move in inverse, or opposite, directions. As one variable increases, the other
variable decreases. For example, there is a negative correlation between self-esteem and
depression. Positive correlation is when there is an increase in one variable it is
associated with an increase in another variable. For example: with height and weight,
taller people tend to be heavier."
What are the differences in interpretations of correlational and experimental designs?
In correlational studies a researcher looks for associations among naturally occurring
variables, whereas in experimental studies the researcher introduces a change and then
monitors its effects.
"An experiment isolates and manipulates the independent variable to observe its effect
on the dependent variable, and controls the environment in order that extraneous
variables may be eliminated. Experiments establish cause and effect. A correlation
identifies variables and looks for a relationship between them."
What are the four parts of a neuron and its role in neural communication?
Cell Body (Soma), Dendrites, Axon, Myelin Sheath
Cell Body (Soma)
