NURS,./5461,./Final,./Quiz
1. Renal,./issues,./that,./occur,./with,./normal,./aging:,./Decreased,./GFR,,./decreased,./diluting,./capacity,
,./decreased,./concentration,./ability,,./decreased,./sodium,./conservation,./(volume,./depletion),./decreased,./sodium,./excreat
ion,./(salt,./sensitivity/HTN),,./decreased,./ammonium,./&,./bicarb,./production,./(metabolic,./acidosis)
2. Most,./accurate,./indicator,./of,./renal,./function,./in,./older,./adults:,./GFR,./-
,./declines,./8mls,./per,./decade,./starting,./at,./age,./40
3. Small,./amounts,./of,./protein,./in,./urine:,./Chronic,./nephrosclerosis,./from,./HTN
4. renal,./artery,./stenosis:,./partial,./or,./complete,./blocking,./of,./one,./or,./both,./renal,./arteries,./-
,./THIS,./ACTIVATES,./THE,./RENIN,./ANGIOTENSION,./ALDOSTERONE,./SYSTEM,./AND,./CAUSES,./SYSTEMIC,./HYPERTENSIO
N,./TO,./ATTEMPT,./TO,./PERFUSE
THE,./KIDNEY,./-,./if,./pt,./has,./a,./30%,./increase,./in,./creatinine,./after,./starting,./an,./ACE,./or,./ARB,./-,./think,./renal,./artery,./stenosis,./-
,./risk,./factors,./include,./smoking,,./HTN,,./hyperlipidemia,,./DM,,./aneurysms,./-
,./renal,./stenting,./isn't,./indicated,./except,./in,./extreme,./cases,./when,./you,./can't,./control,./BP,./or,./there,./is,./progressive,./kidney,./fail
ure.
5. Most, . / common, . / cause, . / of, . / AKI:, . / Acute,./tubular,./necrosis,./(ATN),./followed,./by,./prerenal,./azotemia
6. Acute,./Tubular,./Necrosis,./(ATN):,./Damage,./to,./the,./renal,./tubules,./due,./to,./presence,./of,./toxins,./in,./the,./urin
e,./or,./to,./ischemia.,./Results,./in,./oliguria.
7. Prerenal,./azotemia:,./Due,./to,./decreased,./blood,./flow,./to,./kidneys;,./common,./cause,./of,./acute,./renal,./failur
e,./-,./increase,./bun,./and,./decreased,./renal,./flow,./-,./treat,./with,./volume,./resuscitation
8. acute,./tubular,./necrosis,./diagnostic,./criteria:,./DIAGNOSIS:,./URINE,./SEDIMENT,./WILL,./INCLUDE,./T
UBULAR,./EPITHELIAL,./CELLS,./&,./GRANULAR,./MUDDY,./BROWN,./CASTS,./-,./in,./oliguria,./FENa,./>2%,./-
,./TREATMENT,./IS,./SUPPORTIVE,./CARE,./AND,./OFTEN,./TIMES,./REVERSIBLE
9. Acute,./interstitial,./nephritis:,./Drug-
induced,./hypersensitivity,./involving,./the,./interstitium,./and,./tubules;,./results,./in,./acute,./renal,./failure,./(intrare
nal,./azotemia),./-
,./most,./commone,./antibiotics,./to,./cause,./this,./are,./PENICILLINS,,./CEPHLOSPORINS, ,./AND,./FLUOROQUINOLONES ,./(fl
oxacins)
10. multiple,./myeloma,./"myeloma,./kidney":,./malignant,./neoplasm,./of,./bone,./marrow.,./Proteins,./light,
./&,./heavy,./chains,./will,./deposit,./in,./parenchyma,./-,./pt,./will,./present,./with,./lower,./back,./pain,./-,./seen,./AA,./women,./-
,./will,./see
sever,./proteinurea,,./low,./anion,./gap,,./hypercalcemia,,./anemia,,./and,./bone,./pain,./-
,./treat,./w,./chemotherapy,./(melphalan,./and,./prednisone)
11. 3,./types,./of,./glomerular,./disease:,./Acute,./nephritic,./syndrom
, NURS,./5461,./Final,./Quiz
e,./Post,./infection,./glomerulonephritis,./(step/staph)
IgA,./nephropathy
12. Nephrotic, . / syndrome:, . / URINATING,./>3.5G,./OF,./PROTEIN,./PER,./DAY!,./WITH,./HYPOALBUMINEMIA,,./HLD,,./AND
EDEMA,./-
,./Can,./be,./from,./primary,./glomerular,./disease,,./infection,,./malignancy,,./exposure,./to,./allergen/medication,,./DM,,./or,./HTN.
, NURS,./5461,./Final,./Quiz
æ R E N A L ,./BIOPSY,./IS,./ESSENTIAL,./FOR,./EARLY,./DIAGNOSIS
æ THERAPY ,./-
,./CONTROLL ,./BP,,./USE,./RASS,./BLOCKERS,,./SODIUM,./RESTICTION,,./STATINS,,./ANTICOAGULATION ,./WHEN,./ALBUMIN,./IS,./<2.8
13. What,./do,./RAAS,./inhibitors,./do?:,./Decrease,./proteinuria
14. Chronic, . / Kidney, . / Disease, . / (CKD):, . / progressive,,./irreversible,./loss,./of,./kidney,./function,./-
,./RENAL,./GLOMERU-LAR,./AND,./TUBULOINTERSTITIAL,./FIBROSIS,./INCREASES,./WITH,./AGE,./LEADING,./TO,./CKD,./-
,./presents,./with,./a,./decompensation,./of,./the,./pts,./preexisting,./medical,./problems.,./-
,./HTN,./AND,./DM,./ARE,./HIGH,./RISK,./FACTORS,./FOR,./CKD
15. RAAS,./(renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone,./system):,./Renin,./is,./released,./by,./kidneys,./in,./response,./to,./decreased,./blood,./volume;,./causes,./
angiotensinogen,./to,./split,./&,./produce,./angiotensin,./I;,./lungs,./convert,./angiotensin,./I,./to,./angiotensin,./II;,./angiotensin,./II,./sti
mulates,./adrenal,./gland,./to,./release,./aldosterone,./&,./causes,./an,./increase,./in,./peripheral,./vasoconstriction
16. Medications, . / to, . / avoid, . / in, . / CKD:, . / -NSAIDs-
,./block,./the,./synthesis,./of,./the,./renal,./prostaglandins,./that,./promote,./vasodilation,,./and,./this,./can,./worsen,./renal,./hypo
perfusion
-DEMEROL:,./Metabolized,./to,./normeperidine,./in,./the,./liver,,./which,./kidneys,./excrete
-AMINOGLYCOSIDES,,./PENICILLIN,,./AND,./TETRACYCLINES:,./Nephrotoxic
Medication,./use,./can,./be,./complicated,./by,./decreased,./renal,./clearance,./-
,./MEDS,./TO,./AVOID,.//,./USE,./W,./CATION ,./NSAID,,./CONTRAST,,./GADOLINIUM,,./AMINOGLYCOSIDES, ,./AND,./AMPHOTERICIN,./
B
17. What, . / stage, . / to, . / screen, . / for, . / Anemia:, . / CKD,./stage,./3B,./-,./ferritin,./goal,./should,./be,./>100
18. Erythropoiesis,./stimulating,./agents:,./Can,./be,./used,./to,./prevent,./blood,./transfusion,./but,./iron,./should,./be,./r
eplaced,./prior,./to,./starting,./ESA,./-,./do,./not,./initate,./if,./hemoglobin,./is,./greater,./than,./10,./without,./signs,./or,./symptoms.
19. renal,./osteodystrophy:,./a,./general,./term,./that,./refers,./to,./bone,./disease,./related,./to,./CKD,./and,./caused,./by,./over-
or,./underproduction,./of,./parathyroid,./hormone,./or,./by,./exposure,./to,./aluminum,./-
SCREEN,./FOR,./CALCIUM,,./PHOSPHORUS,,./AND,./PTH,./ABNORMALITIES,./BEINING,./IN,./STAGE,./3,./-
,./MAINTAIN,./PHOSPHORUS,./BETWEEN,./2.7,./AND,./4.6,./IN,./PTS,./STAGE,./3-4,./-
,./RESTRICT,./DIETARY,./PHOS,./IF,./PTH,./IS,./INCREASED,./AND,./USE,./PHOSPHOURS,./BINDERS
æ H I G H ,./PTH,./IS,./ASSOCIATED,./W,./HIGH,./FRACTURE,./RISK,./-
,./CAN,./SUPPRESS,./WITH,./VITAMIN,./D,./BUT,./THIS,./CAN,./INCREASE,./CALCIUM,./SO,./THOSE,./MUST,./BE,./MONITORED.
1. Renal,./issues,./that,./occur,./with,./normal,./aging:,./Decreased,./GFR,,./decreased,./diluting,./capacity,
,./decreased,./concentration,./ability,,./decreased,./sodium,./conservation,./(volume,./depletion),./decreased,./sodium,./excreat
ion,./(salt,./sensitivity/HTN),,./decreased,./ammonium,./&,./bicarb,./production,./(metabolic,./acidosis)
2. Most,./accurate,./indicator,./of,./renal,./function,./in,./older,./adults:,./GFR,./-
,./declines,./8mls,./per,./decade,./starting,./at,./age,./40
3. Small,./amounts,./of,./protein,./in,./urine:,./Chronic,./nephrosclerosis,./from,./HTN
4. renal,./artery,./stenosis:,./partial,./or,./complete,./blocking,./of,./one,./or,./both,./renal,./arteries,./-
,./THIS,./ACTIVATES,./THE,./RENIN,./ANGIOTENSION,./ALDOSTERONE,./SYSTEM,./AND,./CAUSES,./SYSTEMIC,./HYPERTENSIO
N,./TO,./ATTEMPT,./TO,./PERFUSE
THE,./KIDNEY,./-,./if,./pt,./has,./a,./30%,./increase,./in,./creatinine,./after,./starting,./an,./ACE,./or,./ARB,./-,./think,./renal,./artery,./stenosis,./-
,./risk,./factors,./include,./smoking,,./HTN,,./hyperlipidemia,,./DM,,./aneurysms,./-
,./renal,./stenting,./isn't,./indicated,./except,./in,./extreme,./cases,./when,./you,./can't,./control,./BP,./or,./there,./is,./progressive,./kidney,./fail
ure.
5. Most, . / common, . / cause, . / of, . / AKI:, . / Acute,./tubular,./necrosis,./(ATN),./followed,./by,./prerenal,./azotemia
6. Acute,./Tubular,./Necrosis,./(ATN):,./Damage,./to,./the,./renal,./tubules,./due,./to,./presence,./of,./toxins,./in,./the,./urin
e,./or,./to,./ischemia.,./Results,./in,./oliguria.
7. Prerenal,./azotemia:,./Due,./to,./decreased,./blood,./flow,./to,./kidneys;,./common,./cause,./of,./acute,./renal,./failur
e,./-,./increase,./bun,./and,./decreased,./renal,./flow,./-,./treat,./with,./volume,./resuscitation
8. acute,./tubular,./necrosis,./diagnostic,./criteria:,./DIAGNOSIS:,./URINE,./SEDIMENT,./WILL,./INCLUDE,./T
UBULAR,./EPITHELIAL,./CELLS,./&,./GRANULAR,./MUDDY,./BROWN,./CASTS,./-,./in,./oliguria,./FENa,./>2%,./-
,./TREATMENT,./IS,./SUPPORTIVE,./CARE,./AND,./OFTEN,./TIMES,./REVERSIBLE
9. Acute,./interstitial,./nephritis:,./Drug-
induced,./hypersensitivity,./involving,./the,./interstitium,./and,./tubules;,./results,./in,./acute,./renal,./failure,./(intrare
nal,./azotemia),./-
,./most,./commone,./antibiotics,./to,./cause,./this,./are,./PENICILLINS,,./CEPHLOSPORINS, ,./AND,./FLUOROQUINOLONES ,./(fl
oxacins)
10. multiple,./myeloma,./"myeloma,./kidney":,./malignant,./neoplasm,./of,./bone,./marrow.,./Proteins,./light,
./&,./heavy,./chains,./will,./deposit,./in,./parenchyma,./-,./pt,./will,./present,./with,./lower,./back,./pain,./-,./seen,./AA,./women,./-
,./will,./see
sever,./proteinurea,,./low,./anion,./gap,,./hypercalcemia,,./anemia,,./and,./bone,./pain,./-
,./treat,./w,./chemotherapy,./(melphalan,./and,./prednisone)
11. 3,./types,./of,./glomerular,./disease:,./Acute,./nephritic,./syndrom
, NURS,./5461,./Final,./Quiz
e,./Post,./infection,./glomerulonephritis,./(step/staph)
IgA,./nephropathy
12. Nephrotic, . / syndrome:, . / URINATING,./>3.5G,./OF,./PROTEIN,./PER,./DAY!,./WITH,./HYPOALBUMINEMIA,,./HLD,,./AND
EDEMA,./-
,./Can,./be,./from,./primary,./glomerular,./disease,,./infection,,./malignancy,,./exposure,./to,./allergen/medication,,./DM,,./or,./HTN.
, NURS,./5461,./Final,./Quiz
æ R E N A L ,./BIOPSY,./IS,./ESSENTIAL,./FOR,./EARLY,./DIAGNOSIS
æ THERAPY ,./-
,./CONTROLL ,./BP,,./USE,./RASS,./BLOCKERS,,./SODIUM,./RESTICTION,,./STATINS,,./ANTICOAGULATION ,./WHEN,./ALBUMIN,./IS,./<2.8
13. What,./do,./RAAS,./inhibitors,./do?:,./Decrease,./proteinuria
14. Chronic, . / Kidney, . / Disease, . / (CKD):, . / progressive,,./irreversible,./loss,./of,./kidney,./function,./-
,./RENAL,./GLOMERU-LAR,./AND,./TUBULOINTERSTITIAL,./FIBROSIS,./INCREASES,./WITH,./AGE,./LEADING,./TO,./CKD,./-
,./presents,./with,./a,./decompensation,./of,./the,./pts,./preexisting,./medical,./problems.,./-
,./HTN,./AND,./DM,./ARE,./HIGH,./RISK,./FACTORS,./FOR,./CKD
15. RAAS,./(renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone,./system):,./Renin,./is,./released,./by,./kidneys,./in,./response,./to,./decreased,./blood,./volume;,./causes,./
angiotensinogen,./to,./split,./&,./produce,./angiotensin,./I;,./lungs,./convert,./angiotensin,./I,./to,./angiotensin,./II;,./angiotensin,./II,./sti
mulates,./adrenal,./gland,./to,./release,./aldosterone,./&,./causes,./an,./increase,./in,./peripheral,./vasoconstriction
16. Medications, . / to, . / avoid, . / in, . / CKD:, . / -NSAIDs-
,./block,./the,./synthesis,./of,./the,./renal,./prostaglandins,./that,./promote,./vasodilation,,./and,./this,./can,./worsen,./renal,./hypo
perfusion
-DEMEROL:,./Metabolized,./to,./normeperidine,./in,./the,./liver,,./which,./kidneys,./excrete
-AMINOGLYCOSIDES,,./PENICILLIN,,./AND,./TETRACYCLINES:,./Nephrotoxic
Medication,./use,./can,./be,./complicated,./by,./decreased,./renal,./clearance,./-
,./MEDS,./TO,./AVOID,.//,./USE,./W,./CATION ,./NSAID,,./CONTRAST,,./GADOLINIUM,,./AMINOGLYCOSIDES, ,./AND,./AMPHOTERICIN,./
B
17. What, . / stage, . / to, . / screen, . / for, . / Anemia:, . / CKD,./stage,./3B,./-,./ferritin,./goal,./should,./be,./>100
18. Erythropoiesis,./stimulating,./agents:,./Can,./be,./used,./to,./prevent,./blood,./transfusion,./but,./iron,./should,./be,./r
eplaced,./prior,./to,./starting,./ESA,./-,./do,./not,./initate,./if,./hemoglobin,./is,./greater,./than,./10,./without,./signs,./or,./symptoms.
19. renal,./osteodystrophy:,./a,./general,./term,./that,./refers,./to,./bone,./disease,./related,./to,./CKD,./and,./caused,./by,./over-
or,./underproduction,./of,./parathyroid,./hormone,./or,./by,./exposure,./to,./aluminum,./-
SCREEN,./FOR,./CALCIUM,,./PHOSPHORUS,,./AND,./PTH,./ABNORMALITIES,./BEINING,./IN,./STAGE,./3,./-
,./MAINTAIN,./PHOSPHORUS,./BETWEEN,./2.7,./AND,./4.6,./IN,./PTS,./STAGE,./3-4,./-
,./RESTRICT,./DIETARY,./PHOS,./IF,./PTH,./IS,./INCREASED,./AND,./USE,./PHOSPHOURS,./BINDERS
æ H I G H ,./PTH,./IS,./ASSOCIATED,./W,./HIGH,./FRACTURE,./RISK,./-
,./CAN,./SUPPRESS,./WITH,./VITAMIN,./D,./BUT,./THIS,./CAN,./INCREASE,./CALCIUM,./SO,./THOSE,./MUST,./BE,./MONITORED.
