HESI PEDIATRICS EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
1. A 9-week-old infant is scheduled for a cleft lip repair. Which information is
most important for the nurse to convey to the surgeon before transporting the infant
to the surgical suite?
a. Urine specific gravity is 1.011
b. Weight gain of 2 lbs (0.91 kg) since birth
c. RBC count of 2.3 million/mm3
d. WBC count of 10,000/mm3
c. RBC count of 2.3 million/mm3
2. A father brings his 3-year-old daughter, who has a history of asthma, to the
emergency department because her wheezing has increased over the past two days.
The father has been giving the child's medication using a metered dose inhaler
(MDI). Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
a. If the child has recently had a common cold b. The child's current dietary intake
c. Whether or not cool mist is administered
d. If a spacer device is attached to MDI
d. If a spacer device is attached to MDI
3. The nurse is caring for a school aged child after a bone marrow aspiration to
evaluate for leukemia. The child's lab results include a platelet count of 265,000
cells/mm3. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
a. Initiate fall precautions
,b. Observe the signs of infection
c. Implement bleeding precautions
d. Monitor blood pressure every hour
b. Observe the signs of infection
4. The mother of a 10-year-old boy who has sickle cell anemia expresses concern
that her child will become addicted to pain medication if she follows the
instructions on the prescription. Which information is most important for the nurse
to provide?
a. The use of hot baths can be used as an alternative for pain medication
b. Giving pain medication around the clock will help control the pain
c. Encourage quiet activities such as watching tv as a pain distraction d. The child
should be encouraged to rest when he experiences pain
b. Giving pain medication around the clock will help control the pain
5. During a routine clinic visit, the nurse determines that a 5-year-old girl's systolic
blood pressure is greater than the 90th percentile. Which action should the nurse
implement next?
a. Refer child to the healthcare provider and schedule evaluation of blood pressure
in two weeks
b. Measure the child's blood pressure three times during the visit and determine the
highest of the readings
c. Take the blood pressure two more times during the visit and determine the
average of the three readings
d. Conduct a head-to-toe assessment and omit repeated blood pressures during the
examination
,c. Take the blood pressure two more times during the visit and determine the
average of the three readings
6. The nurse is assessing an 8-month-old who has a cough, axillary temperature of
100 degrees F and rhinorrhea. Which information is most important for the nurse
to obtain from this child's mother?
a. Living conditions
b. Immunization status of the infant
c. Alcohol and drug intake of the mother
d. Labor and delivery history of the infant
b. Immunization status of the infant
7. A 3-month-old with gastrointestinal reflux has been placed on enteral feedings.
Which action should the nurse include in the infant's plan of care?
a. Speak with the HCP about instituting physical therapy
b. Give the infant a pacifier during the feedings
c. Use sterile technique during the feedings
d. Refer to abdominal x-ray to ensure placement of the nasogastric tube
d. Refer to abdominal x-ray to ensure placement of the nasogastric tube
8. A 4-year-old child is admitted to the hospital after experiencing a febrile seizure
with a two- day history of a fever above 103 degrees F. The nurse observes the
child is fearful with rapid deep respirations. Which acid base imbalance should the
nurse anticipate the child developing?
a. Respiratory alkalosis
, b. Metabolic alkalosis
c. Metabolic acidosis
d. Respiratory Acidosis
a. Respiratory alkalosis
9. A 12-year-old boy with hemophilia is hospitalized for hemarthrosis of his right
knee. He is complaining of severe knee pain. Which intervention should the nurse
implement?
a. Perform range of motion exercises to the right knee
b. Evaluate and immobilize right knee in a flexed position
c. Give ibuprofen for pain
d. Apply hot packs to the right knee
a. Perform range of motion exercises to the right knee
10. A toddler is hospitalized with Kawasaki's disease. Pharmacological
management includes aspiration therapy. Which is the primary benefit of the
aspirin?
a. Reduce joint swelling
b. Manage irritability
c. Control high fever
d. Minimize vascular inflammation
d. Minimize vascular inflammation
AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
1. A 9-week-old infant is scheduled for a cleft lip repair. Which information is
most important for the nurse to convey to the surgeon before transporting the infant
to the surgical suite?
a. Urine specific gravity is 1.011
b. Weight gain of 2 lbs (0.91 kg) since birth
c. RBC count of 2.3 million/mm3
d. WBC count of 10,000/mm3
c. RBC count of 2.3 million/mm3
2. A father brings his 3-year-old daughter, who has a history of asthma, to the
emergency department because her wheezing has increased over the past two days.
The father has been giving the child's medication using a metered dose inhaler
(MDI). Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
a. If the child has recently had a common cold b. The child's current dietary intake
c. Whether or not cool mist is administered
d. If a spacer device is attached to MDI
d. If a spacer device is attached to MDI
3. The nurse is caring for a school aged child after a bone marrow aspiration to
evaluate for leukemia. The child's lab results include a platelet count of 265,000
cells/mm3. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
a. Initiate fall precautions
,b. Observe the signs of infection
c. Implement bleeding precautions
d. Monitor blood pressure every hour
b. Observe the signs of infection
4. The mother of a 10-year-old boy who has sickle cell anemia expresses concern
that her child will become addicted to pain medication if she follows the
instructions on the prescription. Which information is most important for the nurse
to provide?
a. The use of hot baths can be used as an alternative for pain medication
b. Giving pain medication around the clock will help control the pain
c. Encourage quiet activities such as watching tv as a pain distraction d. The child
should be encouraged to rest when he experiences pain
b. Giving pain medication around the clock will help control the pain
5. During a routine clinic visit, the nurse determines that a 5-year-old girl's systolic
blood pressure is greater than the 90th percentile. Which action should the nurse
implement next?
a. Refer child to the healthcare provider and schedule evaluation of blood pressure
in two weeks
b. Measure the child's blood pressure three times during the visit and determine the
highest of the readings
c. Take the blood pressure two more times during the visit and determine the
average of the three readings
d. Conduct a head-to-toe assessment and omit repeated blood pressures during the
examination
,c. Take the blood pressure two more times during the visit and determine the
average of the three readings
6. The nurse is assessing an 8-month-old who has a cough, axillary temperature of
100 degrees F and rhinorrhea. Which information is most important for the nurse
to obtain from this child's mother?
a. Living conditions
b. Immunization status of the infant
c. Alcohol and drug intake of the mother
d. Labor and delivery history of the infant
b. Immunization status of the infant
7. A 3-month-old with gastrointestinal reflux has been placed on enteral feedings.
Which action should the nurse include in the infant's plan of care?
a. Speak with the HCP about instituting physical therapy
b. Give the infant a pacifier during the feedings
c. Use sterile technique during the feedings
d. Refer to abdominal x-ray to ensure placement of the nasogastric tube
d. Refer to abdominal x-ray to ensure placement of the nasogastric tube
8. A 4-year-old child is admitted to the hospital after experiencing a febrile seizure
with a two- day history of a fever above 103 degrees F. The nurse observes the
child is fearful with rapid deep respirations. Which acid base imbalance should the
nurse anticipate the child developing?
a. Respiratory alkalosis
, b. Metabolic alkalosis
c. Metabolic acidosis
d. Respiratory Acidosis
a. Respiratory alkalosis
9. A 12-year-old boy with hemophilia is hospitalized for hemarthrosis of his right
knee. He is complaining of severe knee pain. Which intervention should the nurse
implement?
a. Perform range of motion exercises to the right knee
b. Evaluate and immobilize right knee in a flexed position
c. Give ibuprofen for pain
d. Apply hot packs to the right knee
a. Perform range of motion exercises to the right knee
10. A toddler is hospitalized with Kawasaki's disease. Pharmacological
management includes aspiration therapy. Which is the primary benefit of the
aspirin?
a. Reduce joint swelling
b. Manage irritability
c. Control high fever
d. Minimize vascular inflammation
d. Minimize vascular inflammation
