Carbohydrates

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Week 5 - Carbohydrates
Facts about consumption of carbohydrates in US

Average intake is 139 pounds annually


Classification: Simple Sugars
Monosaccharides
Glucose

Dextrose, fruits, vegetables, corn syrups, honey

Fructose

Levulose, fruits, vegetables, corn syrups, honey

Galactose
Lactose, milk sugar

Main points




Simplest CHO

Absorbed without further digestion

Provides energy for cell via the bloodstream

Disaccharides


Week 5 - Carbohydrates 1

, Lactose

milk only

Maltose

beers, cereals

Sucrose

cane, beet, maple sugar, molasses, fruits, vegetables 1 molecule of
glucose + 1 molecule of fructose)

Main Points

Intact disaccharides cannot be metabolized by the body → digestion >
hydrolyzed into constituent monosaccharides




Other nutritive sweeteners: Sugar alcohol
Characteristics

Also: Polyols




Week 5 - Carbohydrates 2

, Sweetened with less energy per gram than sucrose (avraging 2.4
kcal/g)

Provide calories but are used in smaller amounts

Potential to cause gastric upset (laxative effect)




Sorbitol & Mannitol




Week 5 - Carbohydrates 3