BIO 182 EXAM 2 COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
WITH SOLVED QUESTIONS
◉ Waxy Cuticle.
Answer: Covers aerial portions of a plant, protects against water
loss. Resides ON TOP of the epidermis.
◉ Stomata.
Answer: Used for gas exchanged, required for photosynthesis. Guard
Cells surround this and can open or close it depending on
environmental/chemical interactions.
◉ Antheridia.
Answer: Gametangia that produce SPERM CELLS. Considered "male".
◉ Archegonia.
Answer: Gametangia that produce EGGS. Like, reproductive eggs.
Like the kind you eat, but not that kind. Considered "female".
◉ Zygote/Embryo.
Answer: Sperm Cells/Egg cells are known as this. Fertilized plant
cell eggs grow up into plants. Seriously.
,◉ Vascular Tissue.
Answer: Contains lignin, which is a fiber component. Helps the plant
out with adding strength and support. Allow conduction to occur,
and helps to resist disease.
◉ Haploid (n).
Answer: Gametophyte generation. Give rise through MITOSIS.
◉ Diploid (2n).
Answer: Sporophyte generation. Fused gametes produce haploid
spores by MEIOSIS.
◉ Gametophyte Plant.
Answer: Produce gametes by mitosis.
Gametes fuse (fertilization), and then form the zygote (1st stage of
the sporophyte generation). Dominate stage for all nonvascular
plants.
◉ Zygote.
Answer: Develops into a multicellular embryo. Protected and
nourished by the gametophyte. Sperm Cell.
, ◉ Mature Sporophyte Plant.
Answer: Developed from the embryo, IT produces sporogenous cells
(spore producing cells. They make spores. All over the place. Ew.)
◉ Xylem.
Answer: Conducts WATER and DISSOLVED MINERALS.
◉ Phloem.
Answer: Conducts DISSOLVED SUGAR (and that's it.)
◉ Charophytes.
Answer: Thought to be plants "nearest" the ancestor (a group of
green algae.)
◉ Byrophytes.
Answer: Nonvascular plants (gametophytes) are also known as this.
◉ Nonvascular Plants.
Answer: Lack conducting system to transport nutrients, water &
minerals. (they got no xylem or phloem)
Instead they rely on diffusion and osmosis (xylem and phloem are
overrated anyway.)
WITH SOLVED QUESTIONS
◉ Waxy Cuticle.
Answer: Covers aerial portions of a plant, protects against water
loss. Resides ON TOP of the epidermis.
◉ Stomata.
Answer: Used for gas exchanged, required for photosynthesis. Guard
Cells surround this and can open or close it depending on
environmental/chemical interactions.
◉ Antheridia.
Answer: Gametangia that produce SPERM CELLS. Considered "male".
◉ Archegonia.
Answer: Gametangia that produce EGGS. Like, reproductive eggs.
Like the kind you eat, but not that kind. Considered "female".
◉ Zygote/Embryo.
Answer: Sperm Cells/Egg cells are known as this. Fertilized plant
cell eggs grow up into plants. Seriously.
,◉ Vascular Tissue.
Answer: Contains lignin, which is a fiber component. Helps the plant
out with adding strength and support. Allow conduction to occur,
and helps to resist disease.
◉ Haploid (n).
Answer: Gametophyte generation. Give rise through MITOSIS.
◉ Diploid (2n).
Answer: Sporophyte generation. Fused gametes produce haploid
spores by MEIOSIS.
◉ Gametophyte Plant.
Answer: Produce gametes by mitosis.
Gametes fuse (fertilization), and then form the zygote (1st stage of
the sporophyte generation). Dominate stage for all nonvascular
plants.
◉ Zygote.
Answer: Develops into a multicellular embryo. Protected and
nourished by the gametophyte. Sperm Cell.
, ◉ Mature Sporophyte Plant.
Answer: Developed from the embryo, IT produces sporogenous cells
(spore producing cells. They make spores. All over the place. Ew.)
◉ Xylem.
Answer: Conducts WATER and DISSOLVED MINERALS.
◉ Phloem.
Answer: Conducts DISSOLVED SUGAR (and that's it.)
◉ Charophytes.
Answer: Thought to be plants "nearest" the ancestor (a group of
green algae.)
◉ Byrophytes.
Answer: Nonvascular plants (gametophytes) are also known as this.
◉ Nonvascular Plants.
Answer: Lack conducting system to transport nutrients, water &
minerals. (they got no xylem or phloem)
Instead they rely on diffusion and osmosis (xylem and phloem are
overrated anyway.)
