ANATOMY 260 FINAL EXAMS ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔the outer layer of skin - ✔✔What is the epidermis?
✔✔keratinocytes: produces a tough protein called keratin
melanocytes: produces melanin for skin color
Merkel cells: sensory cells
Langerhans cells: wandering macrophages - ✔✔What are the four cell types found in
the epidermis?
✔✔stratum basale
stratum spinosum
stratum granulosum
stratum lucidum
stratum corneum - ✔✔What are the layers of the epidermis? (deep to superficial)
✔✔location of melanocytes and cells in this area are undergoing active reproduction -
✔✔What are the properties of stratum basale?
✔✔keratinocytes are bound together by desmosomes - ✔✔What are the properties of
stratum spinosum?
✔✔keratinocytes produce lots of keratin - ✔✔What are the properties of stratum
granulosum?
✔✔superficial layer that consists of interlocking, dehydrated, cells
"roof shingles" of skin cells - ✔✔What are the properties of stratum corneum?
✔✔dermal blood supply, thickness of stratum corneum, and various concentrations of
carotene and melanin under genetic control - ✔✔What determines skin color?
✔✔the papillary layer and the reticular layer - ✔✔What are the layers of the dermis?
, ✔✔areolar connective tissue, dermal papillae, capillaries, and nerve axons - ✔✔What
does the papillary layer of the dermis consist of?
✔✔interwoven network of dense irregular connective tissue, hair follicles, sweat glands,
and sebaceous glands - ✔✔What does the reticular layer of the dermis consist of?
✔✔adipose tissue and major blood vessels - ✔✔What does the hypodermis consist of?
✔✔protection from UV light, insulation, and guards entrances to nose and ears -
✔✔What are the functions of hair?
✔✔vellus: covers most of the body
intermediate: covers arms and legs
terminal: covers the head, and comprises the eyebrows and eyelashes - ✔✔What are
the types of hair?
✔✔sebaceous and sweat glands - ✔✔What are the glands in the skin?
✔✔secretes sebum to collect dirt, lubricates the skin, and secretes oil - ✔✔What are the
properties of sebaceous glands?
✔✔all over the body except the palms and soles - ✔✔Where are sebaceous glands
found?
✔✔to produce an odorous secretion in the axillary, anal, and genital regions - ✔✔What
is the function of apocrine sweat glands?
✔✔to produce "true sweat" for cooling purposes - ✔✔What is the function of eccrine
sweat glands?
✔✔to produce milk under control of hormones from the pituitary gland - ✔✔What is the
function of mammary glands?
✔✔to produce cerumen (earwax) - ✔✔What is the function of ceruminous glands?
✔✔free edge, lateral nail fold, lunula, eponychium, hyponychium - ✔✔What are the 5
parts of the nail?
✔✔skeletal bones, cartilage, ligaments, connective tissue - ✔✔What is the skeletal
system made of?
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔the outer layer of skin - ✔✔What is the epidermis?
✔✔keratinocytes: produces a tough protein called keratin
melanocytes: produces melanin for skin color
Merkel cells: sensory cells
Langerhans cells: wandering macrophages - ✔✔What are the four cell types found in
the epidermis?
✔✔stratum basale
stratum spinosum
stratum granulosum
stratum lucidum
stratum corneum - ✔✔What are the layers of the epidermis? (deep to superficial)
✔✔location of melanocytes and cells in this area are undergoing active reproduction -
✔✔What are the properties of stratum basale?
✔✔keratinocytes are bound together by desmosomes - ✔✔What are the properties of
stratum spinosum?
✔✔keratinocytes produce lots of keratin - ✔✔What are the properties of stratum
granulosum?
✔✔superficial layer that consists of interlocking, dehydrated, cells
"roof shingles" of skin cells - ✔✔What are the properties of stratum corneum?
✔✔dermal blood supply, thickness of stratum corneum, and various concentrations of
carotene and melanin under genetic control - ✔✔What determines skin color?
✔✔the papillary layer and the reticular layer - ✔✔What are the layers of the dermis?
, ✔✔areolar connective tissue, dermal papillae, capillaries, and nerve axons - ✔✔What
does the papillary layer of the dermis consist of?
✔✔interwoven network of dense irregular connective tissue, hair follicles, sweat glands,
and sebaceous glands - ✔✔What does the reticular layer of the dermis consist of?
✔✔adipose tissue and major blood vessels - ✔✔What does the hypodermis consist of?
✔✔protection from UV light, insulation, and guards entrances to nose and ears -
✔✔What are the functions of hair?
✔✔vellus: covers most of the body
intermediate: covers arms and legs
terminal: covers the head, and comprises the eyebrows and eyelashes - ✔✔What are
the types of hair?
✔✔sebaceous and sweat glands - ✔✔What are the glands in the skin?
✔✔secretes sebum to collect dirt, lubricates the skin, and secretes oil - ✔✔What are the
properties of sebaceous glands?
✔✔all over the body except the palms and soles - ✔✔Where are sebaceous glands
found?
✔✔to produce an odorous secretion in the axillary, anal, and genital regions - ✔✔What
is the function of apocrine sweat glands?
✔✔to produce "true sweat" for cooling purposes - ✔✔What is the function of eccrine
sweat glands?
✔✔to produce milk under control of hormones from the pituitary gland - ✔✔What is the
function of mammary glands?
✔✔to produce cerumen (earwax) - ✔✔What is the function of ceruminous glands?
✔✔free edge, lateral nail fold, lunula, eponychium, hyponychium - ✔✔What are the 5
parts of the nail?
✔✔skeletal bones, cartilage, ligaments, connective tissue - ✔✔What is the skeletal
system made of?
