GLPH 171 CORRECT SETS ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS
SET A+
✔✔a ranking of a persons position within society - ✔✔SES
✔✔income, wealth, education geography, gender, occupation - ✔✔what can SES be
determined by?
✔✔no number that indicates socioeconomic status. it is ranking that compares one
individual or group to another - ✔✔relative
✔✔can be quantified - ✔✔Absolute
✔✔income (not always enough context), household income, education (proxy, its
relative), income sufficiency (relative), occupation (subjective) - ✔✔Individual measures
of SES
✔✔measures the an income between rich and poor in a particular area. - ✔✔income
inequality
✔✔the rich get richer; the poor get poorer; if income increases for both, but the increase
is greater among the wealthy; if income decreases for both but the decrease is greater
among poor - ✔✔what may cause an increase in income inequality
✔✔Compound errors are flaws in income measurement - ✔✔aggregated individual
factors and their shortcomings
✔✔: state observable and demonstrable disadvantage relative to the local community or
the wider society or nation to which an individual, family, or group belongs... there are
different meanings for everyone - ✔✔deprivation indices and their shortcomings
✔✔neighborhood measures with no individual component, green space, crime rate....
controversy on what to measure and where - ✔✔neighborhood measures
, ✔✔Poor living conditions; High stress; Poor nutrition; Less healthy living environment
(pollution, safety); Lower access to resources; Less access to quality education -
✔✔why might low SES impact health
✔✔mortality from heart disease - ✔✔Dependent variable of whitehall studies
✔✔the occupational status - ✔✔independent variable of whitehall studies
✔✔majority of heart disease deaths occurred as a result of civil service work -
✔✔results from whitehall study
✔✔number of people who have an illness in a population over a given time -
✔✔morbidity rate
✔✔the number of people who die as a proportion of all people in a population over a
given time - ✔✔mortality rate
✔✔Better/safer employment (more satisfying); Status and prestige; Life skills and
knowledge about health - ✔✔overlap between education and health
✔✔Provide a socially satisfying environment; a purpose; a sense of accomplishment;
means to financial stability...Associated risks also include: stress and boredom, time
constraints, toxin exposures - ✔✔overlap btw occupation and health
✔✔argues that those with wealth have less access to the resources that improve health
outcomes... Emphasis on Living conditions, Economic resources, Structural causes -
✔✔materialist hypothesis
✔✔a. Assumes that inequalities arise from ones stresses in their social hierarchy:
Perceived control, anxiety/ depression, Social ties - ✔✔Psychosocial hypothesis
✔✔affect each other simultaneously - ✔✔direction of association health and wealth
✔✔to the collective value of all "social networks" (who people know) and the inclinations
that arise in these networks to do things for each other ("norms of reciprocity"). -
✔✔social capital
✔✔although immigrants generally are less well-off economically than those born in the
country they move to, they are often healthier - ✔✔The Healthy Immigrant Effect
✔✔perhaps countries select healthy people as immigrants; perhaps those who
immigrate have extra individual drive to do well; perhaps their socioeconomic position in
SET A+
✔✔a ranking of a persons position within society - ✔✔SES
✔✔income, wealth, education geography, gender, occupation - ✔✔what can SES be
determined by?
✔✔no number that indicates socioeconomic status. it is ranking that compares one
individual or group to another - ✔✔relative
✔✔can be quantified - ✔✔Absolute
✔✔income (not always enough context), household income, education (proxy, its
relative), income sufficiency (relative), occupation (subjective) - ✔✔Individual measures
of SES
✔✔measures the an income between rich and poor in a particular area. - ✔✔income
inequality
✔✔the rich get richer; the poor get poorer; if income increases for both, but the increase
is greater among the wealthy; if income decreases for both but the decrease is greater
among poor - ✔✔what may cause an increase in income inequality
✔✔Compound errors are flaws in income measurement - ✔✔aggregated individual
factors and their shortcomings
✔✔: state observable and demonstrable disadvantage relative to the local community or
the wider society or nation to which an individual, family, or group belongs... there are
different meanings for everyone - ✔✔deprivation indices and their shortcomings
✔✔neighborhood measures with no individual component, green space, crime rate....
controversy on what to measure and where - ✔✔neighborhood measures
, ✔✔Poor living conditions; High stress; Poor nutrition; Less healthy living environment
(pollution, safety); Lower access to resources; Less access to quality education -
✔✔why might low SES impact health
✔✔mortality from heart disease - ✔✔Dependent variable of whitehall studies
✔✔the occupational status - ✔✔independent variable of whitehall studies
✔✔majority of heart disease deaths occurred as a result of civil service work -
✔✔results from whitehall study
✔✔number of people who have an illness in a population over a given time -
✔✔morbidity rate
✔✔the number of people who die as a proportion of all people in a population over a
given time - ✔✔mortality rate
✔✔Better/safer employment (more satisfying); Status and prestige; Life skills and
knowledge about health - ✔✔overlap between education and health
✔✔Provide a socially satisfying environment; a purpose; a sense of accomplishment;
means to financial stability...Associated risks also include: stress and boredom, time
constraints, toxin exposures - ✔✔overlap btw occupation and health
✔✔argues that those with wealth have less access to the resources that improve health
outcomes... Emphasis on Living conditions, Economic resources, Structural causes -
✔✔materialist hypothesis
✔✔a. Assumes that inequalities arise from ones stresses in their social hierarchy:
Perceived control, anxiety/ depression, Social ties - ✔✔Psychosocial hypothesis
✔✔affect each other simultaneously - ✔✔direction of association health and wealth
✔✔to the collective value of all "social networks" (who people know) and the inclinations
that arise in these networks to do things for each other ("norms of reciprocity"). -
✔✔social capital
✔✔although immigrants generally are less well-off economically than those born in the
country they move to, they are often healthier - ✔✔The Healthy Immigrant Effect
✔✔perhaps countries select healthy people as immigrants; perhaps those who
immigrate have extra individual drive to do well; perhaps their socioeconomic position in
