NURS 205 EXAM 1 2026/2027 | NURS 205 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS, STUDY
GUIDE & COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
5 RULES that make a normal sinus rhythm - ANS✔✔ 1. HR = 60-100
2. Rhythm = regular
3. P wave = identical and before each QRS
4. PR interval = 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
5. QRS = less than 0.12 seconds
conducting rate of SA node, AV node, and purkinje fibers - ANS✔✔ SA node= 60-100
AV node= 40-60
Purkinje fibers= 15-30
*what is a normal PR interval and QRS interval* - ANS✔✔ PR= 0.12 - 0.20 (3 to 5 small boxes)
QRS= < 0.12 (less than 3 small boxes)
1 small box on an EKG = ? seconds - ANS✔✔ 0.04
where is th PR interval measured - ANS✔✔ from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning
of the Q wave
*what is the problem with 1st and 3rd degree heart block* - ANS✔✔ 1st degree = PR
CONSTANTLY greater than 0.20 seconds (electrical signals that pass from the atria to the
ventricles of the heart are delayed)
3rd degree = conduction disassociated from each other (electrical signals from the atria (upper
chambers of the heart) completely fail to reach the ventricles (lower chambers), causing the
,atria and ventricles to beat independently, resulting in a very slow heart rate and potentially
inadequate blood flow throughout the body)
treatment for 1st and 3rd degree heart block - ANS✔✔ 1st = monitor
3rd = pacemaker
what does 3rd degree heart block look like - ANS✔✔
heart block poem for 1st and 3rd degree HB - ANS✔✔ 1st: if the R is far from the P, then you
have a FIRST degree
3rd: if Ps and Qs don't agree, then you have a THIRD degree
what does 1st degree heart block look like - ANS✔✔
difference between depolarization and repolarization - ANS✔✔ depolarization = systole
repolarization = diastole
what to do when there is artifact on an EKG - ANS✔✔ correct electrodes and reassess
how to determine HR off an EKG strip (Regular and Irregular) - ANS✔✔ Regular: 1500/ # of tiny
boxes between the R peaks
Irregular: count the number of R waves in a 6 second strip and x10
causes of sinus bradycardia (CA$$H BAK) - ANS✔✔ Ca+ channel blockers
Athlete
,Stimulation of vagus nerve
Sleep
Hypothyroidism
Beta blockers
*Amiodarone*
K+ low
initial steps in treating bradycardia/ tachycardia - ANS✔✔ -maintain patent airway/ assist with
breathing if necessary
-oxygen (if hypoxic)
-cardiac monitor to identify rhythm/ monitor blood pressure and oxygenation
-IV access
-12 lead EKG, don't delay
-consider possible hypoxic and toxicologic causes
S/S of persistent bradycardia (AHA [i know what that] IS) - ANS✔✔ *(HR less than 50!)*
Acute altered mental status
Hypotension
Acute heart failure
Ischemic chest discomfort
Signs of shock
treatment for symptomatic bradycardia (BEAT DOPE) - ANS✔✔ Bradycardia...
, Epinephrine
Atropine
Transcutaneous pacing
DOPamine
*what meds to give for symptomatic bradycardia (in order and how much)* - ANS✔✔ *1.
ATROPINE*
-first dose: 1 mg bolus
-repeat every 3-5 minutes
-maximum: 3 mg
(next is whichever you have most readily available:)
2. Transcutaneous pacing
3. Dopamine (Infusion)
-usual infusion rate is 5-20 mcg/kg/min
-titrate to pt response
-taper off slowly
4. Epinephrine (Infusion)
- infusion of 2-10 mcg/min
-titrate to pt response
causes of sinus tachycardia - ANS✔✔ -stress (psychological or physiological)
-pain
-anxiety
GUIDE & COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
5 RULES that make a normal sinus rhythm - ANS✔✔ 1. HR = 60-100
2. Rhythm = regular
3. P wave = identical and before each QRS
4. PR interval = 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
5. QRS = less than 0.12 seconds
conducting rate of SA node, AV node, and purkinje fibers - ANS✔✔ SA node= 60-100
AV node= 40-60
Purkinje fibers= 15-30
*what is a normal PR interval and QRS interval* - ANS✔✔ PR= 0.12 - 0.20 (3 to 5 small boxes)
QRS= < 0.12 (less than 3 small boxes)
1 small box on an EKG = ? seconds - ANS✔✔ 0.04
where is th PR interval measured - ANS✔✔ from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning
of the Q wave
*what is the problem with 1st and 3rd degree heart block* - ANS✔✔ 1st degree = PR
CONSTANTLY greater than 0.20 seconds (electrical signals that pass from the atria to the
ventricles of the heart are delayed)
3rd degree = conduction disassociated from each other (electrical signals from the atria (upper
chambers of the heart) completely fail to reach the ventricles (lower chambers), causing the
,atria and ventricles to beat independently, resulting in a very slow heart rate and potentially
inadequate blood flow throughout the body)
treatment for 1st and 3rd degree heart block - ANS✔✔ 1st = monitor
3rd = pacemaker
what does 3rd degree heart block look like - ANS✔✔
heart block poem for 1st and 3rd degree HB - ANS✔✔ 1st: if the R is far from the P, then you
have a FIRST degree
3rd: if Ps and Qs don't agree, then you have a THIRD degree
what does 1st degree heart block look like - ANS✔✔
difference between depolarization and repolarization - ANS✔✔ depolarization = systole
repolarization = diastole
what to do when there is artifact on an EKG - ANS✔✔ correct electrodes and reassess
how to determine HR off an EKG strip (Regular and Irregular) - ANS✔✔ Regular: 1500/ # of tiny
boxes between the R peaks
Irregular: count the number of R waves in a 6 second strip and x10
causes of sinus bradycardia (CA$$H BAK) - ANS✔✔ Ca+ channel blockers
Athlete
,Stimulation of vagus nerve
Sleep
Hypothyroidism
Beta blockers
*Amiodarone*
K+ low
initial steps in treating bradycardia/ tachycardia - ANS✔✔ -maintain patent airway/ assist with
breathing if necessary
-oxygen (if hypoxic)
-cardiac monitor to identify rhythm/ monitor blood pressure and oxygenation
-IV access
-12 lead EKG, don't delay
-consider possible hypoxic and toxicologic causes
S/S of persistent bradycardia (AHA [i know what that] IS) - ANS✔✔ *(HR less than 50!)*
Acute altered mental status
Hypotension
Acute heart failure
Ischemic chest discomfort
Signs of shock
treatment for symptomatic bradycardia (BEAT DOPE) - ANS✔✔ Bradycardia...
, Epinephrine
Atropine
Transcutaneous pacing
DOPamine
*what meds to give for symptomatic bradycardia (in order and how much)* - ANS✔✔ *1.
ATROPINE*
-first dose: 1 mg bolus
-repeat every 3-5 minutes
-maximum: 3 mg
(next is whichever you have most readily available:)
2. Transcutaneous pacing
3. Dopamine (Infusion)
-usual infusion rate is 5-20 mcg/kg/min
-titrate to pt response
-taper off slowly
4. Epinephrine (Infusion)
- infusion of 2-10 mcg/min
-titrate to pt response
causes of sinus tachycardia - ANS✔✔ -stress (psychological or physiological)
-pain
-anxiety
