GOL 105 EXAMS SCRIPT ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS
SET A+
✔✔What was one of the main reasons why many scientists rejected Wegener's ideas of
continental drift?
a. The gravitational attractions of the Sun and Moon are strong enough to move
continents.
b. The ruggedness and dynamic nature of ocean basins were already well known.
c. It had been supported that "land bridges" connecting South America and Africa aided
migration of species found as fossils.
d. Wegener was unable to identify a credible mechanism for continental drift. - ✔✔d.
Wegener was unable to identify a credible mechanism for continental drift.
✔✔Seafloor spreading was supported as an idea after which discovery was made
shortly after World War II?
a. magnetic "stripes" on the ocean floor
b. a global oceanic ridge system
c. fossil evidence between South America and Africa
d. fossil evidence between India and Africa - ✔✔b. a global oceanic ridge system
✔✔Vine and Matthews used the presence of similar fossils across mid-ocean ridge
systems to confirm their hypothesis of seafloor spreading. T/F - ✔✔False
✔✔Which of the following is direct evidence for plate motion?
a. mountain belts
b. volcanic island arcs
c. subduction zones
d. hot spot tracks - ✔✔d. hot spot tracks
, ✔✔Linear, magnetic patterns are recorded in the seafloor crust where alternating high-
and low-intensity magnetism is found. These patterns are interpreted to record which of
the following?
a. reversed magnetizations along the rift valleys and normal magnetizations along the
ridge
b. concentric circles about a rising plume of hot mantle rocks and magma
c. normal and reversed magnetized strips roughly perpendicular to the ridge
d. periods of normal and reversed polarity of Earth's magnetic field through time - ✔✔d.
periods of normal and reversed polarity of Earth's magnetic field through time
✔✔At an oceanic-continental convergence zone, the continental crust is consumed
through subduction and mountain ranges may form. T/F - ✔✔False
✔✔Which of the following is true about rocks?
a. Rocks exhibit characteristic crystalline structures and set chemical compositions.
b. Rocks do not necessarily exhibit a characteristic crystalline structure or set chemical
composition.
c. Rocks exhibit characteristic crystalline structures that result in diagnostic physical
properties.
d. Rocks exhibit predictable chemical compositions that vary within well-defined limits. -
✔✔b. Rocks do not necessarily exhibit a characteristic crystalline structure or set
chemical composition.
✔✔In minerals, how are the chemical composition and the crystalline structure related?
a. The chemical composition of a mineral implies a specific arrangement of atoms.
b. The crystalline structure is determined by the internal arrangement of atoms.
c. The internal crystalline structure implies a specific chemical composition.
d. The internal crystalline structure and chemical composition are unrelated. - ✔✔b.
The crystalline structure is determined by the internal arrangement of atoms.
✔✔Using the above information from the periodic table of elements, identify how many
protons a molecule of NaCl contains.
a. 27
b. 28
c. 58.443
d. 23 - ✔✔b. 28
✔✔The atomic number of an atom is defined by ___.
a. the number of neutrons, and the number determines the atom's boiling point
SET A+
✔✔What was one of the main reasons why many scientists rejected Wegener's ideas of
continental drift?
a. The gravitational attractions of the Sun and Moon are strong enough to move
continents.
b. The ruggedness and dynamic nature of ocean basins were already well known.
c. It had been supported that "land bridges" connecting South America and Africa aided
migration of species found as fossils.
d. Wegener was unable to identify a credible mechanism for continental drift. - ✔✔d.
Wegener was unable to identify a credible mechanism for continental drift.
✔✔Seafloor spreading was supported as an idea after which discovery was made
shortly after World War II?
a. magnetic "stripes" on the ocean floor
b. a global oceanic ridge system
c. fossil evidence between South America and Africa
d. fossil evidence between India and Africa - ✔✔b. a global oceanic ridge system
✔✔Vine and Matthews used the presence of similar fossils across mid-ocean ridge
systems to confirm their hypothesis of seafloor spreading. T/F - ✔✔False
✔✔Which of the following is direct evidence for plate motion?
a. mountain belts
b. volcanic island arcs
c. subduction zones
d. hot spot tracks - ✔✔d. hot spot tracks
, ✔✔Linear, magnetic patterns are recorded in the seafloor crust where alternating high-
and low-intensity magnetism is found. These patterns are interpreted to record which of
the following?
a. reversed magnetizations along the rift valleys and normal magnetizations along the
ridge
b. concentric circles about a rising plume of hot mantle rocks and magma
c. normal and reversed magnetized strips roughly perpendicular to the ridge
d. periods of normal and reversed polarity of Earth's magnetic field through time - ✔✔d.
periods of normal and reversed polarity of Earth's magnetic field through time
✔✔At an oceanic-continental convergence zone, the continental crust is consumed
through subduction and mountain ranges may form. T/F - ✔✔False
✔✔Which of the following is true about rocks?
a. Rocks exhibit characteristic crystalline structures and set chemical compositions.
b. Rocks do not necessarily exhibit a characteristic crystalline structure or set chemical
composition.
c. Rocks exhibit characteristic crystalline structures that result in diagnostic physical
properties.
d. Rocks exhibit predictable chemical compositions that vary within well-defined limits. -
✔✔b. Rocks do not necessarily exhibit a characteristic crystalline structure or set
chemical composition.
✔✔In minerals, how are the chemical composition and the crystalline structure related?
a. The chemical composition of a mineral implies a specific arrangement of atoms.
b. The crystalline structure is determined by the internal arrangement of atoms.
c. The internal crystalline structure implies a specific chemical composition.
d. The internal crystalline structure and chemical composition are unrelated. - ✔✔b.
The crystalline structure is determined by the internal arrangement of atoms.
✔✔Using the above information from the periodic table of elements, identify how many
protons a molecule of NaCl contains.
a. 27
b. 28
c. 58.443
d. 23 - ✔✔b. 28
✔✔The atomic number of an atom is defined by ___.
a. the number of neutrons, and the number determines the atom's boiling point
