GOL 105 ACTUAL FINALS ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔According to the textbook, understanding Earth is challenging because our planet is
a _____________ body with many interacting parts and a complex history. -
✔✔Dynamic
✔✔A natural hazard is a natural process that endangers humans. T/F - ✔✔True
✔✔Which of the following are all considered natural hazards?
a. earthquakes, volcanoes, and skydiving
b. mining, mountain climbing, and skydiving
c. mudslides, mountain climbing, and tsunamis
d. avalanches, earthquakes, and floods - ✔✔d. avalanches, earthquakes, and floods
✔✔Which of the following accurately describes the principle of uniformitarianism and
properly identifies the individual to whom the idea is attributed?
a. Uniformitarianism is the idea that deposition of materials at Earth's surface occurs in
an orderly fashion, with youngest layers on top and the oldest layers on the bottom. It
was put forth by James Ussher.
b. Uniformitarianism is the idea that the physical, chemical, and biological laws
operating today also operated in the geologic past. It was put forth by James Hutton.
c. Uniformitarianism is the idea that Earth's landscapes have been shaped by sudden
and often worldwide disasters produced by unknowable causes that no longer operate.
It was put forth by James Hutton.
d. Uniformitarianism is the idea that the physical, chemical, and biological laws
operating today also operated in the geologic past. It was put forth by James Ussher. -
✔✔b. Uniformitarianism is the idea that the physical, chemical, and biological laws
operating today also operated in the geologic past. It was put forth by James Hutton.
✔✔According to the textbook, how old is Earth?
, a. about 14 billion years old
b. about 4.6 billion years old
c. about 8000 years old
d. Geologists have not been able to estimate the age of Earth. - ✔✔b. about 4.6 billion
years old
✔✔What is the Greek translation of the word geology?
a. planetary discourse, or the study of planets
b. hydrologic discourse, or the study of water
c. rock discourse, or the study of rocks
d. rock and mineral discourse, or the study of rocks and minerals
e. Earth discourse, or the study of Earth - ✔✔e. Earth discourse, or the study of Earth
✔✔A theory is a tentative or untested explanation that explains a given set of
observations. T/F - ✔✔False
✔✔Some of the ways that scientific advancements can occur include the following: the
scientific method, _______________ ideas, and serendipitous discoveries (i.e., chance
or luck). - ✔✔Theoretical
✔✔Earth can be thought of as consisting of four major spheres: the hydrosphere, the
geosphere, the atmosphere, and the _____________. - ✔✔biosphere
✔✔Which of the following are the major processes of the hydrologic cycle?
a. the oceans, ice caps, and groundwater
b. erosion, evaporation, and transpiration
c. ice, water, and steam
d. evaporation, condensation, and precipitation - ✔✔d. evaporation, condensation, and
precipitation
✔✔Earth system science aims to study Earth as a system composed of numerous
interacting parts or subsystems, integrating knowledge from several academic fields.
T/F - ✔✔True
✔✔The two sources of energy that power the Earth system are the Sun and
photosynthesis. T/F - ✔✔False
✔✔Match the steps in the formation of the solar system, according to the nebular
theory, to the correct order number.
a. rotating disk of hot gases is formed.
b. Dust and gases in the solar nebula collapse.
c. Accretion occurs.
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔According to the textbook, understanding Earth is challenging because our planet is
a _____________ body with many interacting parts and a complex history. -
✔✔Dynamic
✔✔A natural hazard is a natural process that endangers humans. T/F - ✔✔True
✔✔Which of the following are all considered natural hazards?
a. earthquakes, volcanoes, and skydiving
b. mining, mountain climbing, and skydiving
c. mudslides, mountain climbing, and tsunamis
d. avalanches, earthquakes, and floods - ✔✔d. avalanches, earthquakes, and floods
✔✔Which of the following accurately describes the principle of uniformitarianism and
properly identifies the individual to whom the idea is attributed?
a. Uniformitarianism is the idea that deposition of materials at Earth's surface occurs in
an orderly fashion, with youngest layers on top and the oldest layers on the bottom. It
was put forth by James Ussher.
b. Uniformitarianism is the idea that the physical, chemical, and biological laws
operating today also operated in the geologic past. It was put forth by James Hutton.
c. Uniformitarianism is the idea that Earth's landscapes have been shaped by sudden
and often worldwide disasters produced by unknowable causes that no longer operate.
It was put forth by James Hutton.
d. Uniformitarianism is the idea that the physical, chemical, and biological laws
operating today also operated in the geologic past. It was put forth by James Ussher. -
✔✔b. Uniformitarianism is the idea that the physical, chemical, and biological laws
operating today also operated in the geologic past. It was put forth by James Hutton.
✔✔According to the textbook, how old is Earth?
, a. about 14 billion years old
b. about 4.6 billion years old
c. about 8000 years old
d. Geologists have not been able to estimate the age of Earth. - ✔✔b. about 4.6 billion
years old
✔✔What is the Greek translation of the word geology?
a. planetary discourse, or the study of planets
b. hydrologic discourse, or the study of water
c. rock discourse, or the study of rocks
d. rock and mineral discourse, or the study of rocks and minerals
e. Earth discourse, or the study of Earth - ✔✔e. Earth discourse, or the study of Earth
✔✔A theory is a tentative or untested explanation that explains a given set of
observations. T/F - ✔✔False
✔✔Some of the ways that scientific advancements can occur include the following: the
scientific method, _______________ ideas, and serendipitous discoveries (i.e., chance
or luck). - ✔✔Theoretical
✔✔Earth can be thought of as consisting of four major spheres: the hydrosphere, the
geosphere, the atmosphere, and the _____________. - ✔✔biosphere
✔✔Which of the following are the major processes of the hydrologic cycle?
a. the oceans, ice caps, and groundwater
b. erosion, evaporation, and transpiration
c. ice, water, and steam
d. evaporation, condensation, and precipitation - ✔✔d. evaporation, condensation, and
precipitation
✔✔Earth system science aims to study Earth as a system composed of numerous
interacting parts or subsystems, integrating knowledge from several academic fields.
T/F - ✔✔True
✔✔The two sources of energy that power the Earth system are the Sun and
photosynthesis. T/F - ✔✔False
✔✔Match the steps in the formation of the solar system, according to the nebular
theory, to the correct order number.
a. rotating disk of hot gases is formed.
b. Dust and gases in the solar nebula collapse.
c. Accretion occurs.
