WGU Pathophysiology Assessment REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+
,UNIT 1: CELLULAR FUNCTION & GENETICS (Questions 1–15)
1. What is the primary function of the mitochondria in the cell?
- A) Protein synthesis
- B) ATP production
- C) Lipid storage
- D) DNA replication
Answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, producing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. They are
essential for cellular energy metabolism. Dysfunction leads to energy deficits and cell death.
2. Which type of cell death is characterized by programmed, controlled cellular self-destruction?
- A) Necrosis
- B) Apoptosis
- C) Autolysis
- D) Coagulation
,Answer: B
Rationale: Apoptosis is programmed cell death that is energy-dependent and does not cause inflammation. Necrosis is
unplanned cell death that triggers an inflammatory response.
3. A patient has a mutation in a tumor suppressor gene. What is the most likely consequence?
- A) Increased apoptosis
- B) Uncontrolled cell division
- C) Enhanced DNA repair
- D) Decreased angiogenesis
Answer: B
Rationale: Tumor suppressor genes (e.g., p53, BRCA1) normally inhibit cell division and repair DNA. When mutated or
inactivated, cells can divide uncontrollably, leading to cancer.
4. Which of the following is an example of a benign tumor characteristic?
- A) Metastasis to distant organs
, - B) Poorly defined borders
- C) Encapsulated and slow-growing
- D) High mitotic rate
Answer: C
Rationale: Benign tumors are typically encapsulated, slow-growing, well-differentiated, and do not metastasize. Malignant
tumors are invasive, poorly differentiated, and can metastasize.
5. What is the term for the spread of cancer cells to distant sites via the bloodstream or lymphatics?
- A) Angiogenesis
- B) Metastasis
- C) Carcinogenesis
- D) Anaplasia
Answer: B
Rationale: Metastasis is the spread of malignant cells from the primary site to distant organs. It involves invasion,
intravasation, circulation, extravasation, and colonization.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+
,UNIT 1: CELLULAR FUNCTION & GENETICS (Questions 1–15)
1. What is the primary function of the mitochondria in the cell?
- A) Protein synthesis
- B) ATP production
- C) Lipid storage
- D) DNA replication
Answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, producing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. They are
essential for cellular energy metabolism. Dysfunction leads to energy deficits and cell death.
2. Which type of cell death is characterized by programmed, controlled cellular self-destruction?
- A) Necrosis
- B) Apoptosis
- C) Autolysis
- D) Coagulation
,Answer: B
Rationale: Apoptosis is programmed cell death that is energy-dependent and does not cause inflammation. Necrosis is
unplanned cell death that triggers an inflammatory response.
3. A patient has a mutation in a tumor suppressor gene. What is the most likely consequence?
- A) Increased apoptosis
- B) Uncontrolled cell division
- C) Enhanced DNA repair
- D) Decreased angiogenesis
Answer: B
Rationale: Tumor suppressor genes (e.g., p53, BRCA1) normally inhibit cell division and repair DNA. When mutated or
inactivated, cells can divide uncontrollably, leading to cancer.
4. Which of the following is an example of a benign tumor characteristic?
- A) Metastasis to distant organs
, - B) Poorly defined borders
- C) Encapsulated and slow-growing
- D) High mitotic rate
Answer: C
Rationale: Benign tumors are typically encapsulated, slow-growing, well-differentiated, and do not metastasize. Malignant
tumors are invasive, poorly differentiated, and can metastasize.
5. What is the term for the spread of cancer cells to distant sites via the bloodstream or lymphatics?
- A) Angiogenesis
- B) Metastasis
- C) Carcinogenesis
- D) Anaplasia
Answer: B
Rationale: Metastasis is the spread of malignant cells from the primary site to distant organs. It involves invasion,
intravasation, circulation, extravasation, and colonization.
