NU 155 - EXAM 2 WITH
QUESTIONS AND WELL
VERIFIED ANSWERS ACTUAL
EXAM!!! 2026
Age related changes in endocrine - ANSWER --pituitary becomes smaller
-at 20 metabolism starts to decline
-hormones decrease with older age
-FSH, LH, ADH might increase w/ older age
-BGL rise
hormones that remain unchanged - ANSWER --Cortisol
-Insulin
-Thyroid hormones
pituitary gland - ANSWER -Anterior: TSH, ACTH, GH, FSH, LH, prolactin
Posterior: ADH, oxytocin
Thyroid Scan - ANSWER --tell pt to avoid iodine before test; takes 6 wks to remove from
body
-used to determine size, shape, & activity of thyroid gland
-to detect hyperactive "hot" spots & Hypoactive "cold" spots
-collect 24 hr urine specimens
-pt must remain still; scan is 20 min
,Function tests - ANSWER -T3 T4, TSH tested & no prep necessary
High metabolism is _____, and low metabolism is _____. - ANSWER -hot; cold & clammy
Goiter (pathology, s/s, treatment & Dx) - ANSWER --Caused by iodine deficiency or
increase of TSH from lack of thyroid hormone production
-first sign is enlarged front of neck
-difficulty swallowing & breathing
-increased, normal, or decreased hormone production
-physician can order a scan that uses radioactive iodine & determines cancer
Treatment:
-if iodine type: growth of gland may be stopped
-in some cases enlargement disappears
-lack of TSH; a supplemental thyroid med is given
Dx:
-pt HX.
-physical examination
-ultrasound imaging
Thyroid gland - ANSWER --major role in regulating body's rate of metabolism, growth &
development
-produces thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine & calcitonin
thyroid gland: health history - ANSWER --changes level of: energy, sleep patterns,
personality, mental function & emotional state
-changes in menstrual cycles, sexual function, hydration, bowel elimination patterns &
tolerance to hot/cold
thyroid gland: physical exams - ANSWER --VS
, -height & weight
-facial expression & characteristics as well as alertness
-inspect/palpate skin for moisture, temp, texture, hair texture
-examine eyes for expothamlamos
-observe hands for tremor
Thyroid has 3 key players: - ANSWER -t3, t4( active thyroid hormones), and calcitonin
(puts tons of Ca into bones)
Hyperthyroidism: pathology & treatment - ANSWER --abnormally increased synthesis &
secretion of thyroid hormones
-excessive doses T4 (too much levothyroxine)
-pituitary problem
-graves disease is most common type; it's an autoimmune disorder
treatment:
-beta blocker: propranolol (inhibits sympathetic nervous system)
-thyroidectomy
-radioactive iodine capsules
Hyperthyroidism: complications - ANSWER --cardiomyopathy
-HF
-cardiac related death
hyperthyroidism: s/s - ANSWER --tachycardia/tachypnea
-rapid respiration
-always hot
-diarrhea
-weight loss
-agitation
-absent menses
QUESTIONS AND WELL
VERIFIED ANSWERS ACTUAL
EXAM!!! 2026
Age related changes in endocrine - ANSWER --pituitary becomes smaller
-at 20 metabolism starts to decline
-hormones decrease with older age
-FSH, LH, ADH might increase w/ older age
-BGL rise
hormones that remain unchanged - ANSWER --Cortisol
-Insulin
-Thyroid hormones
pituitary gland - ANSWER -Anterior: TSH, ACTH, GH, FSH, LH, prolactin
Posterior: ADH, oxytocin
Thyroid Scan - ANSWER --tell pt to avoid iodine before test; takes 6 wks to remove from
body
-used to determine size, shape, & activity of thyroid gland
-to detect hyperactive "hot" spots & Hypoactive "cold" spots
-collect 24 hr urine specimens
-pt must remain still; scan is 20 min
,Function tests - ANSWER -T3 T4, TSH tested & no prep necessary
High metabolism is _____, and low metabolism is _____. - ANSWER -hot; cold & clammy
Goiter (pathology, s/s, treatment & Dx) - ANSWER --Caused by iodine deficiency or
increase of TSH from lack of thyroid hormone production
-first sign is enlarged front of neck
-difficulty swallowing & breathing
-increased, normal, or decreased hormone production
-physician can order a scan that uses radioactive iodine & determines cancer
Treatment:
-if iodine type: growth of gland may be stopped
-in some cases enlargement disappears
-lack of TSH; a supplemental thyroid med is given
Dx:
-pt HX.
-physical examination
-ultrasound imaging
Thyroid gland - ANSWER --major role in regulating body's rate of metabolism, growth &
development
-produces thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine & calcitonin
thyroid gland: health history - ANSWER --changes level of: energy, sleep patterns,
personality, mental function & emotional state
-changes in menstrual cycles, sexual function, hydration, bowel elimination patterns &
tolerance to hot/cold
thyroid gland: physical exams - ANSWER --VS
, -height & weight
-facial expression & characteristics as well as alertness
-inspect/palpate skin for moisture, temp, texture, hair texture
-examine eyes for expothamlamos
-observe hands for tremor
Thyroid has 3 key players: - ANSWER -t3, t4( active thyroid hormones), and calcitonin
(puts tons of Ca into bones)
Hyperthyroidism: pathology & treatment - ANSWER --abnormally increased synthesis &
secretion of thyroid hormones
-excessive doses T4 (too much levothyroxine)
-pituitary problem
-graves disease is most common type; it's an autoimmune disorder
treatment:
-beta blocker: propranolol (inhibits sympathetic nervous system)
-thyroidectomy
-radioactive iodine capsules
Hyperthyroidism: complications - ANSWER --cardiomyopathy
-HF
-cardiac related death
hyperthyroidism: s/s - ANSWER --tachycardia/tachypnea
-rapid respiration
-always hot
-diarrhea
-weight loss
-agitation
-absent menses
