WGU C483 PRINCIPLES OF
MANAGEMENT EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2026/2027
UPDATE. JUST RELEASED
1. Which level of planning is typically performed by top-level managers and focuses on the
long-term goals of the entire organization?
A. Operational planning
B. Tactical planning
C. Contingency planning
D. Strategic planning
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Strategic planning involves making decisions about the
organization’s long-term goals and strategies, usually looking 3-5 years into the future.
2. In a SWOT analysis, a rising interest rate that increases a company’s borrowing costs would
be classified as a(n):
A. Threat
B. Weakness
,C. Opportunity
D. Strength
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: External environmental factors that could harm the
organization’s performance are classified as threats.
3. According to Mintzberg, a manager who acts as a symbolic head of the organization is
performing which interpersonal role?
A. Figurehead
B. Liaison
C. Leader
D. Disseminator
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The figurehead role involves performing ceremonial and
symbolic duties such as greeting visitors or signing legal documents.
4. Which type of power is based on the manager’s ability to punish or withhold rewards from
subordinates?
A. Expert power
B. Coercive power
C. Referent power
, D. Legitimate power
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Coercive power is the ability to influence others through the
threat of negative outcomes or punishments.
5. According to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, which of the following is considered a
‘motivator’ rather than a ‘hygiene factor’?
A. Working conditions
B. Recognition for achievement
C. Salary
D. Company policy
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Motivators (intrinsic factors) like recognition and responsibility
lead to satisfaction, while hygiene factors (extrinsic factors) prevent dissatisfaction but
don’t motivate by themselves.
6. A control system that focuses on preventing problems before they occur is known as:
A. Feedforward control
B. Concurrent control
C. Feedback control
D. Reactive control
MANAGEMENT EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2026/2027
UPDATE. JUST RELEASED
1. Which level of planning is typically performed by top-level managers and focuses on the
long-term goals of the entire organization?
A. Operational planning
B. Tactical planning
C. Contingency planning
D. Strategic planning
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Strategic planning involves making decisions about the
organization’s long-term goals and strategies, usually looking 3-5 years into the future.
2. In a SWOT analysis, a rising interest rate that increases a company’s borrowing costs would
be classified as a(n):
A. Threat
B. Weakness
,C. Opportunity
D. Strength
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: External environmental factors that could harm the
organization’s performance are classified as threats.
3. According to Mintzberg, a manager who acts as a symbolic head of the organization is
performing which interpersonal role?
A. Figurehead
B. Liaison
C. Leader
D. Disseminator
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The figurehead role involves performing ceremonial and
symbolic duties such as greeting visitors or signing legal documents.
4. Which type of power is based on the manager’s ability to punish or withhold rewards from
subordinates?
A. Expert power
B. Coercive power
C. Referent power
, D. Legitimate power
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Coercive power is the ability to influence others through the
threat of negative outcomes or punishments.
5. According to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, which of the following is considered a
‘motivator’ rather than a ‘hygiene factor’?
A. Working conditions
B. Recognition for achievement
C. Salary
D. Company policy
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Motivators (intrinsic factors) like recognition and responsibility
lead to satisfaction, while hygiene factors (extrinsic factors) prevent dissatisfaction but
don’t motivate by themselves.
6. A control system that focuses on preventing problems before they occur is known as:
A. Feedforward control
B. Concurrent control
C. Feedback control
D. Reactive control
