Prep & Comprehensive Study Guide
CoughxTreatmentx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Treatxprimaryxcause
Getxridxofxthexsource,xthexcoughxgoesxaway
Soothexcough
Dextromethorophan
Inhaledxmeds-xIpratropium
Benzonatate
Codeine-lastxresort
Hemoptysisxmostxcommonxcausesx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅inflammatory—
bronchitis,xbronchiectasis,xpneumonia,xTB
AxcoughxcanxlastxhowxlongxsometimesxafterxaxURI?x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅upxtox8xweeks
Acutexbronchitisx-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅axtemporaryxinflammationxofxthexmucousxmembranesxthatxlinexthextracheaxandx
bronchialxpassageways;xcausesxaxcoughxthatxmayxproducexmucus
5thxmostxcommonxcausexofxtoxseexaxHCP
Pneumoniaxsymptomsx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅-coughing
-fatigue
-pleuriticxpain
-fever
-increasedxWBCx
-rustxcoloredxsputum
-crackles
-tachypnea
, CURB-65x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅1)xConfusionx
2)xBUN>19
3)xRR>30
4)xBP<90/60
5)x65yo
Onexorxlessxindicatesxpatientxcanxbextreatedxoutpatient,x>1x=hospitalization
SinglexPulmonaryxNodulex-xcorrectxanswerx ✅"Coinxlesion"x
Axsinglexparenchymalxlungxlesionxsmallerxthanx3cmxW/OxPNAx,xatelectasis,xorxlymphadenopathy
PurexsubsolidxSPNx<x5mmxrequirexnoxfollow-up
ifxSPNx<x8mmxfollowxFleischnerxSocietyxguidelinesxonxintervalsxforxrepeatxCT
IfxSPNx>8mmxreferxspecialist
Sleepxapneax-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅axsleepxdisorderxcharacterizedxbyxtemporaryxcessationsxofxbreathingxduringxslee
pxandxrepeatedxmomentaryxawakenings
xCentralxapneas—absentxairflowxandxrespiratoryxefforts-Neurologicalxdiseases
xObstructivexapneasx[OSA]-Tonguexandxsoftxpalatexfallxbackward
Whatxisxthexdefinitivextestxforxsleepxapneax-xcorrectxanswerx ✅OvernightxPolysomnogram
AgexRelatedxPulmonaryxChangesx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅•xReducedxairwayxsize
•Shallowxalveolarxsacs
•Declinexinxchestxwallxcompliance
•xIntercostalxmusclexatrophy
•xReductionxinxdiaphragmaticxstrengthxbyx25%