NURS 5433 EXAM WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS) | ALREADY GRADED A+ |
PROFESSOR VERIFIED | BRANDNEW!!!
Title: Advanced Pathophysiology & Clinical Management
Description: Comprehensive revision covering cardiovascular, respiratory, renal,
endocrine, neuro, and musculoskeletal systems, plus pharmacology and professional
issues.
Key Words: Advanced practice nursing, pathophysiology, pharmacology, diagnosis,
treatment, graduate level.
Section 1: Cardiovascular System (Questions 1–30)
1. Which of the following is the most sensitive indicator of fluid volume status in a
patient with heart failure?
A. Blood pressure
B. Daily weight ✅
C. Urine output
D. Heart rate
,2. A patient presents with crushing chest pain, ST elevation on ECG, and elevated
troponin. What is the priority intervention?
A. Administer nitroglycerin
B. Prepare for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) ✅
C. Start aspirin
D. Obtain a chest X-ray
3. Which medication is first-line for a patient with chronic stable angina?
A. Beta-blocker ✅
B. Calcium channel blocker
C. Nitrate
D. ACE inhibitor
4. A patient with atrial fibrillation has a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 4. What is the
recommended treatment?
A. Aspirin only
B. Anticoagulation with warfarin or DOAC ✅
C. No treatment
D. Electrical cardioversion
5. What is the most common cause of right-sided heart failure?
A. Left-sided heart failure ✅
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. COPD
D. Hypertension
6. Which finding is characteristic of cardiac tamponade?
A. Pulsus paradoxus ✅
B. Bradycardia
C. Hypertension
D. Crackles
,7. A patient on furosemide has a potassium level of 3.1 mEq/L. What is the priority
action?
A. Administer potassium supplement ✅
B. Hold furosemide
C. Increase furosemide dose
D. Administer calcium gluconate
8. Which lipoprotein is considered "bad" cholesterol?
A. HDL
B. LDL ✅
C. VLDL
D. Chylomicrons
9. A patient with infective endocarditis will most likely present with:
A. New murmur ✅
B. Pericardial friction rub
C. Pleural effusion
D. Ascites
10. What is the mechanism of action of statins?
A. Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase ✅
B. Block calcium channels
C. Inhibit ACE
D. Block beta receptors
11. Which ECG finding indicates hyperkalemia?
A. Tall peaked T waves ✅
B. U waves
C. Prolonged QT
D. ST depression
12. A patient with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which side effect should
the nurse monitor for?
, A. Dry cough ✅
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Both A and C ✅ (Corrected to reflect best answer)
13. What is the target INR for a patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation?
A. 1.0–1.5
B. 2.0–3.0 ✅
C. 2.5–3.5
D. 3.0–4.0
14. Which condition is characterized by an ejection fraction of less than 40%?
A. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) ✅
B. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)
C. Diastolic dysfunction
D. Pulmonary hypertension
15. A patient with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) will typically have:
A. Intermittent claudication ✅
B. Dependent rubor
C. Warm extremities
D. Pitting edema
16. What is the most common arrhythmia in the elderly?
A. Atrial fibrillation ✅
B. Ventricular tachycardia
C. Sinus bradycardia
D. Premature ventricular contractions
17. Which drug is used to reverse heparin overdose?
A. Protamine sulfate ✅
B. Vitamin K
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS) | ALREADY GRADED A+ |
PROFESSOR VERIFIED | BRANDNEW!!!
Title: Advanced Pathophysiology & Clinical Management
Description: Comprehensive revision covering cardiovascular, respiratory, renal,
endocrine, neuro, and musculoskeletal systems, plus pharmacology and professional
issues.
Key Words: Advanced practice nursing, pathophysiology, pharmacology, diagnosis,
treatment, graduate level.
Section 1: Cardiovascular System (Questions 1–30)
1. Which of the following is the most sensitive indicator of fluid volume status in a
patient with heart failure?
A. Blood pressure
B. Daily weight ✅
C. Urine output
D. Heart rate
,2. A patient presents with crushing chest pain, ST elevation on ECG, and elevated
troponin. What is the priority intervention?
A. Administer nitroglycerin
B. Prepare for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) ✅
C. Start aspirin
D. Obtain a chest X-ray
3. Which medication is first-line for a patient with chronic stable angina?
A. Beta-blocker ✅
B. Calcium channel blocker
C. Nitrate
D. ACE inhibitor
4. A patient with atrial fibrillation has a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 4. What is the
recommended treatment?
A. Aspirin only
B. Anticoagulation with warfarin or DOAC ✅
C. No treatment
D. Electrical cardioversion
5. What is the most common cause of right-sided heart failure?
A. Left-sided heart failure ✅
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. COPD
D. Hypertension
6. Which finding is characteristic of cardiac tamponade?
A. Pulsus paradoxus ✅
B. Bradycardia
C. Hypertension
D. Crackles
,7. A patient on furosemide has a potassium level of 3.1 mEq/L. What is the priority
action?
A. Administer potassium supplement ✅
B. Hold furosemide
C. Increase furosemide dose
D. Administer calcium gluconate
8. Which lipoprotein is considered "bad" cholesterol?
A. HDL
B. LDL ✅
C. VLDL
D. Chylomicrons
9. A patient with infective endocarditis will most likely present with:
A. New murmur ✅
B. Pericardial friction rub
C. Pleural effusion
D. Ascites
10. What is the mechanism of action of statins?
A. Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase ✅
B. Block calcium channels
C. Inhibit ACE
D. Block beta receptors
11. Which ECG finding indicates hyperkalemia?
A. Tall peaked T waves ✅
B. U waves
C. Prolonged QT
D. ST depression
12. A patient with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which side effect should
the nurse monitor for?
, A. Dry cough ✅
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Both A and C ✅ (Corrected to reflect best answer)
13. What is the target INR for a patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation?
A. 1.0–1.5
B. 2.0–3.0 ✅
C. 2.5–3.5
D. 3.0–4.0
14. Which condition is characterized by an ejection fraction of less than 40%?
A. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) ✅
B. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)
C. Diastolic dysfunction
D. Pulmonary hypertension
15. A patient with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) will typically have:
A. Intermittent claudication ✅
B. Dependent rubor
C. Warm extremities
D. Pitting edema
16. What is the most common arrhythmia in the elderly?
A. Atrial fibrillation ✅
B. Ventricular tachycardia
C. Sinus bradycardia
D. Premature ventricular contractions
17. Which drug is used to reverse heparin overdose?
A. Protamine sulfate ✅
B. Vitamin K
