PN 2002 FINAL EXAMINATION COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS LATEST
UPDATE THIS YEAR JUST RELEASED
1.
A practical nursing student is assessing a patient who suddenly develops
shortness of breath, chest discomfort, and anxiety after prolonged immobility.
Which finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Mild bilateral ankle edema
B. Sudden pleuritic chest pain and tachypnea
C. Decreased appetite for two days
D. Occasional nonproductive cough
Answer: B. Sudden pleuritic chest pain and tachypnea
Rationale: Sudden pleuritic chest pain and tachypnea following immobility are
concerning for pulmonary embolism, which requires immediate assessment and
intervention.
2.
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to an adult patient. Which action
best demonstrates safe medication administration practice?
A. Administering medication before checking the patient's identification
B. Comparing the medication label with the prescription only once
C. Verifying the medication using appropriate identification and safety checks
D. Asking another patient whether the medication belongs to them
,Answer: C. Verifying the medication using appropriate identification and safety
checks
Rationale: Proper medication administration requires patient identification and
verification of medication, dose, route, timing, allergies, and relevant safety
considerations.
3.
A patient with diabetes mellitus becomes confused, sweaty, shaky, and
increasingly weak before lunch. Which condition should the nurse suspect first?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Diabetic ketoacidosis
Answer: B. Hypoglycemia
Rationale: Sweating, tremors, weakness, and confusion are classic manifestations
of low blood glucose requiring prompt treatment.
4.
A nurse is teaching a patient newly prescribed an oral anticoagulant about
reducing bleeding complications. Which instruction is most appropriate?
A. Use a hard-bristled toothbrush daily
B. Report unusual bleeding or unexplained bruising promptly
,C. Double the next dose after missing one dose
D. Avoid all foods containing vitamin K permanently
Answer: B. Report unusual bleeding or unexplained bruising promptly
Rationale: Anticoagulants increase bleeding risk, so patients should promptly
report unusual bleeding, extensive bruising, or other concerning symptoms.
5.
A postoperative patient reports increasing abdominal pain several hours after
surgery. Which assessment finding would be most concerning for developing
complications?
A. Mild incisional tenderness
B. Slight fatigue after ambulation
C. Rigid abdomen with worsening pain
D. Decreased interest in television
Answer: C. Rigid abdomen with worsening pain
Rationale: Abdominal rigidity and increasing severe pain may indicate peritonitis,
internal bleeding, perforation, or another serious postoperative complication.
6.
A nurse is caring for a patient at increased risk for pressure injuries because of
immobility. Which intervention is most appropriate?
, A. Massage reddened bony prominences vigorously
B. Reposition the patient regularly and inspect vulnerable skin areas
C. Keep the patient's skin continuously moist
D. Restrict protein intake to reduce metabolic demands
Answer: B. Reposition the patient regularly and inspect vulnerable skin areas
Rationale: Regular repositioning, skin assessment, moisture control, nutrition,
and pressure redistribution reduce pressure injury development.
7.
A patient with pneumonia has thick respiratory secretions and difficulty coughing
them up. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
A. Encourage appropriate hydration and pulmonary hygiene
B. Restrict fluids without a specific clinical indication
C. Keep the patient completely supine
D. Discourage coughing because it increases fatigue
Answer: A. Encourage appropriate hydration and pulmonary hygiene
Rationale: Hydration can help thin secretions, while coughing, positioning,
mobility, and other pulmonary hygiene measures promote airway clearance.
8.
A patient receiving oxygen therapy suddenly becomes increasingly drowsy and
difficult to arouse. What should the nurse do first?
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS LATEST
UPDATE THIS YEAR JUST RELEASED
1.
A practical nursing student is assessing a patient who suddenly develops
shortness of breath, chest discomfort, and anxiety after prolonged immobility.
Which finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Mild bilateral ankle edema
B. Sudden pleuritic chest pain and tachypnea
C. Decreased appetite for two days
D. Occasional nonproductive cough
Answer: B. Sudden pleuritic chest pain and tachypnea
Rationale: Sudden pleuritic chest pain and tachypnea following immobility are
concerning for pulmonary embolism, which requires immediate assessment and
intervention.
2.
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to an adult patient. Which action
best demonstrates safe medication administration practice?
A. Administering medication before checking the patient's identification
B. Comparing the medication label with the prescription only once
C. Verifying the medication using appropriate identification and safety checks
D. Asking another patient whether the medication belongs to them
,Answer: C. Verifying the medication using appropriate identification and safety
checks
Rationale: Proper medication administration requires patient identification and
verification of medication, dose, route, timing, allergies, and relevant safety
considerations.
3.
A patient with diabetes mellitus becomes confused, sweaty, shaky, and
increasingly weak before lunch. Which condition should the nurse suspect first?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Diabetic ketoacidosis
Answer: B. Hypoglycemia
Rationale: Sweating, tremors, weakness, and confusion are classic manifestations
of low blood glucose requiring prompt treatment.
4.
A nurse is teaching a patient newly prescribed an oral anticoagulant about
reducing bleeding complications. Which instruction is most appropriate?
A. Use a hard-bristled toothbrush daily
B. Report unusual bleeding or unexplained bruising promptly
,C. Double the next dose after missing one dose
D. Avoid all foods containing vitamin K permanently
Answer: B. Report unusual bleeding or unexplained bruising promptly
Rationale: Anticoagulants increase bleeding risk, so patients should promptly
report unusual bleeding, extensive bruising, or other concerning symptoms.
5.
A postoperative patient reports increasing abdominal pain several hours after
surgery. Which assessment finding would be most concerning for developing
complications?
A. Mild incisional tenderness
B. Slight fatigue after ambulation
C. Rigid abdomen with worsening pain
D. Decreased interest in television
Answer: C. Rigid abdomen with worsening pain
Rationale: Abdominal rigidity and increasing severe pain may indicate peritonitis,
internal bleeding, perforation, or another serious postoperative complication.
6.
A nurse is caring for a patient at increased risk for pressure injuries because of
immobility. Which intervention is most appropriate?
, A. Massage reddened bony prominences vigorously
B. Reposition the patient regularly and inspect vulnerable skin areas
C. Keep the patient's skin continuously moist
D. Restrict protein intake to reduce metabolic demands
Answer: B. Reposition the patient regularly and inspect vulnerable skin areas
Rationale: Regular repositioning, skin assessment, moisture control, nutrition,
and pressure redistribution reduce pressure injury development.
7.
A patient with pneumonia has thick respiratory secretions and difficulty coughing
them up. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
A. Encourage appropriate hydration and pulmonary hygiene
B. Restrict fluids without a specific clinical indication
C. Keep the patient completely supine
D. Discourage coughing because it increases fatigue
Answer: A. Encourage appropriate hydration and pulmonary hygiene
Rationale: Hydration can help thin secretions, while coughing, positioning,
mobility, and other pulmonary hygiene measures promote airway clearance.
8.
A patient receiving oxygen therapy suddenly becomes increasingly drowsy and
difficult to arouse. What should the nurse do first?
