DEP2004 EXAM 1 COMPLETE COURSE REVIEW
GUIDE
◉ sensitive period.
Answer: when a particular development occurs most easily although
it may still happen later on with more difficulty
◉ Cohort.
Answer: a group born around the same time
◉ developmental research designs.
Answer: longitudinal, cross sectional, cross sequential
◉ cross-sectional.
Answer: groups of people of one age are compared with people of
another age
◉ longitudinal design.
Answer: collecting data repeatedly on the same individuals as they
age
◉ sequential design.
,Answer: studying several groups of people of different ages and
follow them over the years (combo of other 2)
◉ positive vs. negative correlation.
Answer: positive: both variables tend to increase/decrease together
negative: one variable increases while the other decreases
◉ naturalistic observation.
Answer: a method of observing people in their normal (natural)
environment
◉ participant observation.
Answer: a qualitative research method in which the researcher not
only observes the research participants, but also actively engages in
the activities of the research participants. This requires the
researcher to become integrated into the participants' environment
while also taking objective notes about what is going on
◉ Maturational theory.
Answer: - Based on genetics/ DNA - differences among people result
more from heredity than from environment.
-States that the chief principle of developmental change is
maturation, which means physiological "ripening," especially of the
nervous system.
, -Arnold L. Gesell
- the growing child's behaviour seems to follow a set developmental
pattern.
◉ Ethological Theory.
Answer: Darwin - laid foundation for ethology
- focused on genetics and evolution, instincts, critical periods
◉ critical period.
Answer: a time when something must occur for normal development
or the only time when abnormality can occur
◉ Lorenz and imprinting.
Answer: - goslings attach to their mother and imprint on her
- if they don't see her on their first day of life the instinct shuts down
and they don't have a good chance of survival
◉ Feral children and language.
Answer: - there is a critical period for language - our brains don't
automatically know language
-w/o exposure to language, one cannot develop it
◉ Erickson's Psychosocial approach/theory.
GUIDE
◉ sensitive period.
Answer: when a particular development occurs most easily although
it may still happen later on with more difficulty
◉ Cohort.
Answer: a group born around the same time
◉ developmental research designs.
Answer: longitudinal, cross sectional, cross sequential
◉ cross-sectional.
Answer: groups of people of one age are compared with people of
another age
◉ longitudinal design.
Answer: collecting data repeatedly on the same individuals as they
age
◉ sequential design.
,Answer: studying several groups of people of different ages and
follow them over the years (combo of other 2)
◉ positive vs. negative correlation.
Answer: positive: both variables tend to increase/decrease together
negative: one variable increases while the other decreases
◉ naturalistic observation.
Answer: a method of observing people in their normal (natural)
environment
◉ participant observation.
Answer: a qualitative research method in which the researcher not
only observes the research participants, but also actively engages in
the activities of the research participants. This requires the
researcher to become integrated into the participants' environment
while also taking objective notes about what is going on
◉ Maturational theory.
Answer: - Based on genetics/ DNA - differences among people result
more from heredity than from environment.
-States that the chief principle of developmental change is
maturation, which means physiological "ripening," especially of the
nervous system.
, -Arnold L. Gesell
- the growing child's behaviour seems to follow a set developmental
pattern.
◉ Ethological Theory.
Answer: Darwin - laid foundation for ethology
- focused on genetics and evolution, instincts, critical periods
◉ critical period.
Answer: a time when something must occur for normal development
or the only time when abnormality can occur
◉ Lorenz and imprinting.
Answer: - goslings attach to their mother and imprint on her
- if they don't see her on their first day of life the instinct shuts down
and they don't have a good chance of survival
◉ Feral children and language.
Answer: - there is a critical period for language - our brains don't
automatically know language
-w/o exposure to language, one cannot develop it
◉ Erickson's Psychosocial approach/theory.
