HESI LPN-ADN ENTRANCE EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2026-
2027 COMPLETE WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
1. Which action by the nurse best demonstrates the principle of asepsis
when preparing a sterile field?
A) Opening the outermost flap away from the body.
B) Placing sterile items on the edge of the sterile field.
C) Reaching over the sterile field to adjust the light.
D) Using a sterile glove to touch the inner wrapper of a sterile kit.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The outermost flap of a sterile package is considered
unsterile and must be opened away from the body to prevent
contamination of the sterile field.
2. A client is on strict bed rest. Which intervention is most important for
the nurse to include in the plan of care?
A) Encouraging a high-fiber diet.
B) Performing range-of-motion exercises.
C) Providing a quiet environment.
D) Restricting fluid intake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Range-of-motion exercises are crucial for preventing
complications of immobility such as muscle atrophy, joint contractures,
and venous thromboembolism.
3. The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. Which assessment
finding indicates a worsening of the condition?
,A) Weight loss of 2 lbs.
B) Decreased urine output.
C) Clear lung sounds.
D) Heart rate of 72 bpm.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Decreased urine output can indicate fluid retention and
decreased cardiac output, which are hallmark signs of worsening heart
failure.
4. A client is admitted with a suspected peptic ulcer. Which symptom
should the nurse expect the client to report?
A) Pain relieved by eating.
B) Pain worsening after eating.
C) Right lower quadrant pain.
D) Pain radiating to the left arm.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Duodenal ulcer pain is typically relieved by eating, whereas
gastric ulcer pain may worsen after eating.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer digoxin. Which assessment
finding requires the nurse to withhold the medication?
A) Heart rate of 58 bpm.
B) Blood pressure of 120/80.
C) Respiratory rate of 18.
D) Temperature of 98.6F.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Digoxin slows the heart rate. A heart rate below 60 bpm in an
adult is a common reason to withhold the drug and notify the provider.
,6. A pregnant client at 38 weeks gestation reports a sudden gush of
fluid from the vagina. What is the priority nursing action?
A) Check the fetal heart rate.
B) Prepare for immediate delivery.
C) Perform a vaginal exam.
D) Ask the client to ambulate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rupture of membranes increases the risk of umbilical cord
prolapse. The priority is to assess the fetal heart rate for signs of
distress.
7. A 2-year-old child is admitted with severe dehydration. Which
assessment finding is most concerning?
A) Dry mucous membranes.
B) Capillary refill of 4 seconds.
C) Sunken fontanelle.
D) Decreased skin turgor.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A capillary refill time of greater than 3 seconds indicates poor
perfusion and is a late sign of shock in pediatric clients.
8. A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder is started on
sertraline. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential
adverse effect?
A) Increased suicidal ideation.
B) Hypertension.
C) Weight loss.
D) Insomnia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antidepressants, particularly SSRIs, can increase the risk of
, suicidal ideation, especially in the initial weeks of treatment or when
dosages are changed.
9. Which structure is responsible for filtering blood and producing
urine?
A) Ureter.
B) Bladder.
C) Nephron.
D) Urethra.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible
for filtering blood, reabsorbing necessary substances, and producing
urine.
10. What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?
A) Protein synthesis.
B) Energy production.
C) Lipid storage.
D) DNA replication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell,
generating most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP),
used as a source of chemical energy.
11. Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
A) Melting ice.
B) Boiling water.
C) Rusting iron.
D) Dissolving sugar.
Correct Answer: C
2027 COMPLETE WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
1. Which action by the nurse best demonstrates the principle of asepsis
when preparing a sterile field?
A) Opening the outermost flap away from the body.
B) Placing sterile items on the edge of the sterile field.
C) Reaching over the sterile field to adjust the light.
D) Using a sterile glove to touch the inner wrapper of a sterile kit.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The outermost flap of a sterile package is considered
unsterile and must be opened away from the body to prevent
contamination of the sterile field.
2. A client is on strict bed rest. Which intervention is most important for
the nurse to include in the plan of care?
A) Encouraging a high-fiber diet.
B) Performing range-of-motion exercises.
C) Providing a quiet environment.
D) Restricting fluid intake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Range-of-motion exercises are crucial for preventing
complications of immobility such as muscle atrophy, joint contractures,
and venous thromboembolism.
3. The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. Which assessment
finding indicates a worsening of the condition?
,A) Weight loss of 2 lbs.
B) Decreased urine output.
C) Clear lung sounds.
D) Heart rate of 72 bpm.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Decreased urine output can indicate fluid retention and
decreased cardiac output, which are hallmark signs of worsening heart
failure.
4. A client is admitted with a suspected peptic ulcer. Which symptom
should the nurse expect the client to report?
A) Pain relieved by eating.
B) Pain worsening after eating.
C) Right lower quadrant pain.
D) Pain radiating to the left arm.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Duodenal ulcer pain is typically relieved by eating, whereas
gastric ulcer pain may worsen after eating.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer digoxin. Which assessment
finding requires the nurse to withhold the medication?
A) Heart rate of 58 bpm.
B) Blood pressure of 120/80.
C) Respiratory rate of 18.
D) Temperature of 98.6F.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Digoxin slows the heart rate. A heart rate below 60 bpm in an
adult is a common reason to withhold the drug and notify the provider.
,6. A pregnant client at 38 weeks gestation reports a sudden gush of
fluid from the vagina. What is the priority nursing action?
A) Check the fetal heart rate.
B) Prepare for immediate delivery.
C) Perform a vaginal exam.
D) Ask the client to ambulate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rupture of membranes increases the risk of umbilical cord
prolapse. The priority is to assess the fetal heart rate for signs of
distress.
7. A 2-year-old child is admitted with severe dehydration. Which
assessment finding is most concerning?
A) Dry mucous membranes.
B) Capillary refill of 4 seconds.
C) Sunken fontanelle.
D) Decreased skin turgor.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A capillary refill time of greater than 3 seconds indicates poor
perfusion and is a late sign of shock in pediatric clients.
8. A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder is started on
sertraline. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential
adverse effect?
A) Increased suicidal ideation.
B) Hypertension.
C) Weight loss.
D) Insomnia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antidepressants, particularly SSRIs, can increase the risk of
, suicidal ideation, especially in the initial weeks of treatment or when
dosages are changed.
9. Which structure is responsible for filtering blood and producing
urine?
A) Ureter.
B) Bladder.
C) Nephron.
D) Urethra.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible
for filtering blood, reabsorbing necessary substances, and producing
urine.
10. What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?
A) Protein synthesis.
B) Energy production.
C) Lipid storage.
D) DNA replication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell,
generating most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP),
used as a source of chemical energy.
11. Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
A) Melting ice.
B) Boiling water.
C) Rusting iron.
D) Dissolving sugar.
Correct Answer: C
