CURRENT DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
PEDIATRICS 24TH EDITION HAY LEVIN
TESTED QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
◉ Nursing actions for speech problems related to cleft lip and
palate
Answer: Refer to early intervention. Refer to speech therapist.
◉ Nursing actions for dental problems related to cleft lip and
palate
Answer: Promote healthy dental hygiene. Encourage early dental
care.
◉ Gastroesophageal reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease
Answer: GER is acidic gastric contents refluxing back up into
esophagus. GERD is tissue damage caused by GER.****
◉ Prognosis for GER in infants
Answer: Usually self-limiting and resolves by age 1 without
medication.****
◉ Risk factors for GER
, Answer: Prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, neurological
impairment, asthma, cystic fibrosis, crebral palsy, scoliosis.****
◉ Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Answer: Chronic lung disease that starts in newborns and is
caused by damage from mechanical ventilation and high O2 flow.
◉ Risk factors for GERD
Answer: Neurologic impairment, hiatal hernia, esophageal atresia,
morbid obesity.
◉ Subjective and objective data for GERD in infants
Answer: Excessive spitting up or forceful vomiting, inability to
keep food down, failure to thrive.**** Irritability, excessive crying,
blood in stool or vomitus, arching of back, stiffening. Respiratory
problems, apnea.
◉ Subjective and objective data for GERD in children
Answer: Heartburn, abdominal pain, difficulty swallowing,
chronic cough, chest pain.
◉ Diagnostic procedures for GERD
Answer: 24-hour esophageal pH study to measure amount of acid
reflux into esophagus.****
Upper GI to detect GI structural abnormalities.
PEDIATRICS 24TH EDITION HAY LEVIN
TESTED QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
◉ Nursing actions for speech problems related to cleft lip and
palate
Answer: Refer to early intervention. Refer to speech therapist.
◉ Nursing actions for dental problems related to cleft lip and
palate
Answer: Promote healthy dental hygiene. Encourage early dental
care.
◉ Gastroesophageal reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease
Answer: GER is acidic gastric contents refluxing back up into
esophagus. GERD is tissue damage caused by GER.****
◉ Prognosis for GER in infants
Answer: Usually self-limiting and resolves by age 1 without
medication.****
◉ Risk factors for GER
, Answer: Prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, neurological
impairment, asthma, cystic fibrosis, crebral palsy, scoliosis.****
◉ Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Answer: Chronic lung disease that starts in newborns and is
caused by damage from mechanical ventilation and high O2 flow.
◉ Risk factors for GERD
Answer: Neurologic impairment, hiatal hernia, esophageal atresia,
morbid obesity.
◉ Subjective and objective data for GERD in infants
Answer: Excessive spitting up or forceful vomiting, inability to
keep food down, failure to thrive.**** Irritability, excessive crying,
blood in stool or vomitus, arching of back, stiffening. Respiratory
problems, apnea.
◉ Subjective and objective data for GERD in children
Answer: Heartburn, abdominal pain, difficulty swallowing,
chronic cough, chest pain.
◉ Diagnostic procedures for GERD
Answer: 24-hour esophageal pH study to measure amount of acid
reflux into esophagus.****
Upper GI to detect GI structural abnormalities.
