NUR 290 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE AND
PRACTICE QUESTIONS COMPLETE WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Table of Contents
Section Domain Approx. Page
Questions Reference
Section Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) 40 N/A
1 and Patient Education
Section Ileal Conduit and Urinary 40 N/A
2 Diversion Nursing Care
Section Renal System, Fluid, and 40 N/A
3 Electrolyte Balance
Section Perioperative and 40 N/A
4 Postoperative Nursing Care
Section Pharmacology and Nursing 40 N/A
5 Education Principles
Section 1: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and Patient Education
1. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a female patient with a
recurrent urinary tract infection. Which instruction should the nurse
include to prevent further infections?
A) Take tub baths instead of showers.
B) Use spermicides for contraception.
C) Void immediately after sexual intercourse.
D) Wear tight-fitting undergarments to support the perineum.
,Correct Answer: C. Rationale: Voiding after intercourse helps flush
bacteria from the urethra. Tub baths, spermicides, and tight-fitting
clothing increase the risk of UTIs.
2. A patient asks the nurse why they should avoid coffee and colas
while recovering from a UTI. What is the best response by the nurse?
A) "They can irritate the bladder lining and worsen your symptoms."
B) "They increase the acidity of your urine, killing the bacteria."
C) "They cause you to retain fluids, leading to bladder distention."
D) "They interact with the antibiotics prescribed for your infection."
Correct Answer: A. Rationale: Caffeine and carbonated beverages act
as bladder irritants and can exacerbate symptoms of urgency and
frequency.
3. The nurse is teaching a patient about proper perineal hygiene to
prevent UTIs. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for
further teaching?
A) "I will wipe from front to back after using the bathroom."
B) "I will clean the perineum from back to front after a bowel
movement."
C) "I will shower rather than take a tub bath."
D) "I will avoid perfumes and powders in the perineal area."
Correct Answer: B. Rationale: Wiping from back to front can introduce
fecal bacteria (E. coli) into the urethra. Wiping front to back is the
correct technique.
4. A nurse is recommending dietary supplements to a patient with
recurrent UTIs. Which supplement should the nurse suggest to acidify
the urine?
A) Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)
,B) Vitamin K
C) Iron sulfate
D) Folic acid
Correct Answer: A. Rationale: Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), specifically
1000mg, can acidify the urine, making the environment less favorable
for bacterial growth.
5. A patient with a history of UTIs asks the nurse about drinking
cranberry juice. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "Cranberry juice can help prevent bacteria from adhering to the
bladder wall."
B) "Cranberry juice cures active infections faster than antibiotics."
C) "You should drink at least 1 gallon of cranberry juice daily."
D) "Cranberry juice alkalizes the urine to prevent infection."
Correct Answer: A. Rationale: Cranberry juice helps prevent UTIs by
inhibiting bacterial adhesion to the uroepithelial cells. It is not a cure
for active infections.
6. The nurse is educating a patient on fluid intake to prevent UTIs.
How many glasses of fluid should the nurse recommend the patient
drink daily?
A) 2-4 glasses
B) 4-6 glasses
C) 8-10 glasses
D) 12-14 glasses
Correct Answer: C. Rationale: Increasing fluid intake to 8-10 glasses (or
2-3 liters) daily promotes frequent voiding and dilutes urine, helping
to flush bacteria.
, 7. A nurse is teaching a patient with a UTI about voiding habits. Which
instruction is most appropriate?
A) "Void only when you feel a strong urge."
B) "Void every 2 to 3 hours and completely empty your bladder."
C) "Limit fluids in the evening to prevent nocturia."
D) "Hold your urine to strengthen your bladder muscles."
Correct Answer: B. Rationale: Emptying the bladder completely every
2-3 hours prevents urine stasis, which is a primary risk factor for
bacterial multiplication.
8. Which statement by a patient prescribed antibiotics for a UTI
indicates correct understanding of the treatment regimen?
A) "I will stop taking the medication as soon as I feel better."
B) "I will take the medication exactly as prescribed until it is finished."
C) "I will save the leftover antibiotics for my next infection."
D) "I will take the medication only when I have symptoms."
Correct Answer: B. Rationale: Patients must complete the full course
of antibiotics to eradicate the infection and prevent antibiotic
resistance, even if symptoms resolve.
9. A patient with recurrent UTIs asks the nurse about using probiotics.
What is the nurse's best response?
A) "Lactobacillus probiotics can help decrease the recurrence of UTIs."
B) "Probiotics should only be taken during an active infection."
C) "Probiotics replace the need for antibiotics."
D) "Probiotics increase the risk of fungal infections."
Correct Answer: A. Rationale: Lactobacillus probiotics help restore
normal vaginal flora, which can decrease the recurrence of UTIs.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS COMPLETE WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Table of Contents
Section Domain Approx. Page
Questions Reference
Section Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) 40 N/A
1 and Patient Education
Section Ileal Conduit and Urinary 40 N/A
2 Diversion Nursing Care
Section Renal System, Fluid, and 40 N/A
3 Electrolyte Balance
Section Perioperative and 40 N/A
4 Postoperative Nursing Care
Section Pharmacology and Nursing 40 N/A
5 Education Principles
Section 1: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and Patient Education
1. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a female patient with a
recurrent urinary tract infection. Which instruction should the nurse
include to prevent further infections?
A) Take tub baths instead of showers.
B) Use spermicides for contraception.
C) Void immediately after sexual intercourse.
D) Wear tight-fitting undergarments to support the perineum.
,Correct Answer: C. Rationale: Voiding after intercourse helps flush
bacteria from the urethra. Tub baths, spermicides, and tight-fitting
clothing increase the risk of UTIs.
2. A patient asks the nurse why they should avoid coffee and colas
while recovering from a UTI. What is the best response by the nurse?
A) "They can irritate the bladder lining and worsen your symptoms."
B) "They increase the acidity of your urine, killing the bacteria."
C) "They cause you to retain fluids, leading to bladder distention."
D) "They interact with the antibiotics prescribed for your infection."
Correct Answer: A. Rationale: Caffeine and carbonated beverages act
as bladder irritants and can exacerbate symptoms of urgency and
frequency.
3. The nurse is teaching a patient about proper perineal hygiene to
prevent UTIs. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for
further teaching?
A) "I will wipe from front to back after using the bathroom."
B) "I will clean the perineum from back to front after a bowel
movement."
C) "I will shower rather than take a tub bath."
D) "I will avoid perfumes and powders in the perineal area."
Correct Answer: B. Rationale: Wiping from back to front can introduce
fecal bacteria (E. coli) into the urethra. Wiping front to back is the
correct technique.
4. A nurse is recommending dietary supplements to a patient with
recurrent UTIs. Which supplement should the nurse suggest to acidify
the urine?
A) Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)
,B) Vitamin K
C) Iron sulfate
D) Folic acid
Correct Answer: A. Rationale: Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), specifically
1000mg, can acidify the urine, making the environment less favorable
for bacterial growth.
5. A patient with a history of UTIs asks the nurse about drinking
cranberry juice. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "Cranberry juice can help prevent bacteria from adhering to the
bladder wall."
B) "Cranberry juice cures active infections faster than antibiotics."
C) "You should drink at least 1 gallon of cranberry juice daily."
D) "Cranberry juice alkalizes the urine to prevent infection."
Correct Answer: A. Rationale: Cranberry juice helps prevent UTIs by
inhibiting bacterial adhesion to the uroepithelial cells. It is not a cure
for active infections.
6. The nurse is educating a patient on fluid intake to prevent UTIs.
How many glasses of fluid should the nurse recommend the patient
drink daily?
A) 2-4 glasses
B) 4-6 glasses
C) 8-10 glasses
D) 12-14 glasses
Correct Answer: C. Rationale: Increasing fluid intake to 8-10 glasses (or
2-3 liters) daily promotes frequent voiding and dilutes urine, helping
to flush bacteria.
, 7. A nurse is teaching a patient with a UTI about voiding habits. Which
instruction is most appropriate?
A) "Void only when you feel a strong urge."
B) "Void every 2 to 3 hours and completely empty your bladder."
C) "Limit fluids in the evening to prevent nocturia."
D) "Hold your urine to strengthen your bladder muscles."
Correct Answer: B. Rationale: Emptying the bladder completely every
2-3 hours prevents urine stasis, which is a primary risk factor for
bacterial multiplication.
8. Which statement by a patient prescribed antibiotics for a UTI
indicates correct understanding of the treatment regimen?
A) "I will stop taking the medication as soon as I feel better."
B) "I will take the medication exactly as prescribed until it is finished."
C) "I will save the leftover antibiotics for my next infection."
D) "I will take the medication only when I have symptoms."
Correct Answer: B. Rationale: Patients must complete the full course
of antibiotics to eradicate the infection and prevent antibiotic
resistance, even if symptoms resolve.
9. A patient with recurrent UTIs asks the nurse about using probiotics.
What is the nurse's best response?
A) "Lactobacillus probiotics can help decrease the recurrence of UTIs."
B) "Probiotics should only be taken during an active infection."
C) "Probiotics replace the need for antibiotics."
D) "Probiotics increase the risk of fungal infections."
Correct Answer: A. Rationale: Lactobacillus probiotics help restore
normal vaginal flora, which can decrease the recurrence of UTIs.
