BIO 182 EXAM 4 REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | BIO
182 EXAM 4 STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
Every few years a new drug is developed to treat malaria. The need for new drugs arises
because malaria parasites acquire resistance to drugs through time. Since the 1940s there has
been a back and forth between malaria and the drugs developed to treat it. The continued
evolution of resistance to successive malaria drugs is an example of the: - Correct answer ✔✔
Red Queen hypothesis.
While some may consider that the goal of conservation biology is to preserve all species on the
planet, which of the following is a more accurate statement of conservation biology's goals? -
Correct answer ✔✔ Conservation biology concentrates on preserving levels of species diversity
in communities to maintain ecosystem services provided by the species in that community.
In the Sierra Nevada mountains of California there are many populations of the checkerspot
butterfly, Euphydryaseditha. You notice that females of one population (population A) lay their
eggs near the tip of a plant's stem. Females of another population in the same area (population
B) lay their eggs at the base of the stem on a different type of plant. The young hatch out as
caterpillars; they live on the host plant and eat its leaves.
Is the information above a complete description of the butterflies' niche? - Correct answer ✔✔
No, because a complete niche includes physical and biological factors.
Lampreys are known to attach themselves to fish. In doing so they rasp off a section of the fish
with hard keratinized structures and "feed" on the blood and fluid that oozes into their oral
cavity. Fish can survive with a lamprey attached, but they have to expend extra energy
swimming with the lamprey attached. This association would be designated a: - Correct answer
✔✔ parasitism.
In some rocky intertidal habitats, the barnacle Chthamalus can survive across the same depths
as can the barnacle Balanus. However, where the two species occur together, Chthamalus adults
, are found only in the more stressful upper portions of the habitat where they are more able
than Balanus to resist desiccation. This is an example of: - Correct answer ✔✔ competitive
exclusion reducing the size of Chthamalus'fundamental niche to a smaller realized niche.
Which of the following does not contribute to high rainfall in the tropics (at the equator)? -
Correct answer ✔✔ ability of warm air to hold more moisture than cool air
density of air at different temperatures,
evapotranspiration rate
In western mountain ranges of North America (e.g., the Sierra Nevadas and the Rockies), where
will you find a rain shadow? - Correct answer ✔✔ on the east facing slope
The latitudinal diversity gradient refers to what pattern of species diversity? - Correct answer
✔✔ For many kinds of organisms, species diversity is greatest near the equator and lowest near
the poles.
Natural gas is a form of fossil fuel, but many scientists prefer to use it rather than coal in
meeting societal needs. What advantage does natural gas have, relative to coal? - Correct
answer ✔✔ Burning natural gas releases less CO2 per kilowatt of energy obtained than burning
coal does.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the process of eutrophication? - Correct
answer ✔✔ It can result in "dead zones" devoid of aquatic animal life.
Potential costs associated with increasing crop yield are that it requires: Select all that apply. -
Correct answer ✔✔ increasing the use of fertilizer.
increasing the use of fossil fuels to power machinery.
182 EXAM 4 STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
Every few years a new drug is developed to treat malaria. The need for new drugs arises
because malaria parasites acquire resistance to drugs through time. Since the 1940s there has
been a back and forth between malaria and the drugs developed to treat it. The continued
evolution of resistance to successive malaria drugs is an example of the: - Correct answer ✔✔
Red Queen hypothesis.
While some may consider that the goal of conservation biology is to preserve all species on the
planet, which of the following is a more accurate statement of conservation biology's goals? -
Correct answer ✔✔ Conservation biology concentrates on preserving levels of species diversity
in communities to maintain ecosystem services provided by the species in that community.
In the Sierra Nevada mountains of California there are many populations of the checkerspot
butterfly, Euphydryaseditha. You notice that females of one population (population A) lay their
eggs near the tip of a plant's stem. Females of another population in the same area (population
B) lay their eggs at the base of the stem on a different type of plant. The young hatch out as
caterpillars; they live on the host plant and eat its leaves.
Is the information above a complete description of the butterflies' niche? - Correct answer ✔✔
No, because a complete niche includes physical and biological factors.
Lampreys are known to attach themselves to fish. In doing so they rasp off a section of the fish
with hard keratinized structures and "feed" on the blood and fluid that oozes into their oral
cavity. Fish can survive with a lamprey attached, but they have to expend extra energy
swimming with the lamprey attached. This association would be designated a: - Correct answer
✔✔ parasitism.
In some rocky intertidal habitats, the barnacle Chthamalus can survive across the same depths
as can the barnacle Balanus. However, where the two species occur together, Chthamalus adults
, are found only in the more stressful upper portions of the habitat where they are more able
than Balanus to resist desiccation. This is an example of: - Correct answer ✔✔ competitive
exclusion reducing the size of Chthamalus'fundamental niche to a smaller realized niche.
Which of the following does not contribute to high rainfall in the tropics (at the equator)? -
Correct answer ✔✔ ability of warm air to hold more moisture than cool air
density of air at different temperatures,
evapotranspiration rate
In western mountain ranges of North America (e.g., the Sierra Nevadas and the Rockies), where
will you find a rain shadow? - Correct answer ✔✔ on the east facing slope
The latitudinal diversity gradient refers to what pattern of species diversity? - Correct answer
✔✔ For many kinds of organisms, species diversity is greatest near the equator and lowest near
the poles.
Natural gas is a form of fossil fuel, but many scientists prefer to use it rather than coal in
meeting societal needs. What advantage does natural gas have, relative to coal? - Correct
answer ✔✔ Burning natural gas releases less CO2 per kilowatt of energy obtained than burning
coal does.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the process of eutrophication? - Correct
answer ✔✔ It can result in "dead zones" devoid of aquatic animal life.
Potential costs associated with increasing crop yield are that it requires: Select all that apply. -
Correct answer ✔✔ increasing the use of fertilizer.
increasing the use of fossil fuels to power machinery.
