NU553 FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2026/2027 | COMPLETE NURSING EXAM
PREP | HIGH-YIELD PRACTICE QUESTIONS & CORRECT ANSWERS |
DETAILED RATIONALES | LATEST UPDATED VERSION
1. What medication is commonly used as the first-line treatment for
hypothyroidism?
Methimazole
Liothyronine
Propylthiouracil
Levothyroxine
2. What is the name of the controlled medication used for nerve pain and
seizures?
Aspirin
Acetaminophen
Ibuprofen
Gabapentin
3. Describe the mechanism of action of sulfonylureas in the treatment of
diabetes.
Sulfonylureas stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin.
Sulfonylureas inhibit glucagon secretion from the liver.
Sulfonylureas increase glucose absorption in the intestines.
Sulfonylureas promote insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues.
4. Which of the following patients is the use of a direct oral anticoagulant
(DOAC) most appropriate?
, A 62-year-old woman with a history of venous thrombotic event and
an upcoming surgery
A 78-year-old man with a prosthetic heart valve and recent history of
transient ischemic attack
A 64-year-old male with pulmonary embolism and peptic ulcer
A 62-year-old man with atrial fibrillation
5. What class of drug does hydroxychloroquine belong to?
Antimalarial
Antibiotic
Antidepressant
Analgesic
6. Describe why hyperkalemia is a contraindication for spironolactone use.
Spironolactone decreases potassium levels, making it safe for patients
with hyperkalemia.
Hyperkalemia is a contraindication for spironolactone because the
medication can increase potassium levels, exacerbating the
condition.
Hyperkalemia is unrelated to spironolactone use.
Spironolactone is used to treat hyperkalemia.
7. A patient with recently-diagnosed active tuberculosis was prescribed
isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. Which vitamin supplement
is recommended with this regimen?
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B3
, Vitamin B12
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B2
8. Select the class of drugs used most commonly to treat restless legs
syndrome (RLS):
Melatonin receptor agonists
Benzodiazepines
Dopamine agonists
Dopamine antagonists
Stimulants
9. What is the drug class of Rosiglitazone?
Sulfonylureas
Biguanides
DPP-4 inhibitors
Thiazolidinediones
10. If a patient with osteoarthritis of the knee is experiencing significant pain
despite taking acetaminophen, what would be an appropriate next step in
their treatment plan?
Switch to a corticosteroid injection.
Recommend physical therapy only.
Increase the dosage of acetaminophen.
, Consider prescribing a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
(NSAID).
11. Describe how antidepressants and anticonvulsants function in the
management of neuropathic pain.
Antidepressants and anticonvulsants directly block pain receptors in
the brain.
Antidepressants and anticonvulsants modulate neurotransmitter
levels and stabilize nerve activity to alleviate pain.
Antidepressants and anticonvulsants are used to enhance muscle
strength.
Antidepressants and anticonvulsants increase inflammation to reduce
pain.
12. Describe why a history of thromboembolic disorders is considered a
contraindication for oral contraceptive pills.
A history of thromboembolic disorders is irrelevant to OCP use.
A history of thromboembolic disorders increases the risk of blood
clots, which can be exacerbated by the hormones in OCPs.
A history of thromboembolic disorders has no impact on OCP safety.
A history of thromboembolic disorders only affects the efficacy of
OCPs.
13. Describe the primary concerns regarding the long-term use of Proton Pump
Inhibitors (PPIs).
PPIs are only prescribed for short-term treatment and have no long-
term effects.
PREP | HIGH-YIELD PRACTICE QUESTIONS & CORRECT ANSWERS |
DETAILED RATIONALES | LATEST UPDATED VERSION
1. What medication is commonly used as the first-line treatment for
hypothyroidism?
Methimazole
Liothyronine
Propylthiouracil
Levothyroxine
2. What is the name of the controlled medication used for nerve pain and
seizures?
Aspirin
Acetaminophen
Ibuprofen
Gabapentin
3. Describe the mechanism of action of sulfonylureas in the treatment of
diabetes.
Sulfonylureas stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin.
Sulfonylureas inhibit glucagon secretion from the liver.
Sulfonylureas increase glucose absorption in the intestines.
Sulfonylureas promote insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues.
4. Which of the following patients is the use of a direct oral anticoagulant
(DOAC) most appropriate?
, A 62-year-old woman with a history of venous thrombotic event and
an upcoming surgery
A 78-year-old man with a prosthetic heart valve and recent history of
transient ischemic attack
A 64-year-old male with pulmonary embolism and peptic ulcer
A 62-year-old man with atrial fibrillation
5. What class of drug does hydroxychloroquine belong to?
Antimalarial
Antibiotic
Antidepressant
Analgesic
6. Describe why hyperkalemia is a contraindication for spironolactone use.
Spironolactone decreases potassium levels, making it safe for patients
with hyperkalemia.
Hyperkalemia is a contraindication for spironolactone because the
medication can increase potassium levels, exacerbating the
condition.
Hyperkalemia is unrelated to spironolactone use.
Spironolactone is used to treat hyperkalemia.
7. A patient with recently-diagnosed active tuberculosis was prescribed
isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. Which vitamin supplement
is recommended with this regimen?
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B3
, Vitamin B12
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B2
8. Select the class of drugs used most commonly to treat restless legs
syndrome (RLS):
Melatonin receptor agonists
Benzodiazepines
Dopamine agonists
Dopamine antagonists
Stimulants
9. What is the drug class of Rosiglitazone?
Sulfonylureas
Biguanides
DPP-4 inhibitors
Thiazolidinediones
10. If a patient with osteoarthritis of the knee is experiencing significant pain
despite taking acetaminophen, what would be an appropriate next step in
their treatment plan?
Switch to a corticosteroid injection.
Recommend physical therapy only.
Increase the dosage of acetaminophen.
, Consider prescribing a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
(NSAID).
11. Describe how antidepressants and anticonvulsants function in the
management of neuropathic pain.
Antidepressants and anticonvulsants directly block pain receptors in
the brain.
Antidepressants and anticonvulsants modulate neurotransmitter
levels and stabilize nerve activity to alleviate pain.
Antidepressants and anticonvulsants are used to enhance muscle
strength.
Antidepressants and anticonvulsants increase inflammation to reduce
pain.
12. Describe why a history of thromboembolic disorders is considered a
contraindication for oral contraceptive pills.
A history of thromboembolic disorders is irrelevant to OCP use.
A history of thromboembolic disorders increases the risk of blood
clots, which can be exacerbated by the hormones in OCPs.
A history of thromboembolic disorders has no impact on OCP safety.
A history of thromboembolic disorders only affects the efficacy of
OCPs.
13. Describe the primary concerns regarding the long-term use of Proton Pump
Inhibitors (PPIs).
PPIs are only prescribed for short-term treatment and have no long-
term effects.
