INBDE- pharmacology Study Guide
Exam with Solved Solutions 2026-2027
Updated.
What is the treatment for methomoglobinemia? - Answer Vitamin C and methylene blue
Which local anesthetic is associated with methemoglobinemia? - Answer Prilocaine
What is the purpose of vasoconstrictor (epinephrine) in local anesthetic? - Answer Extends
duration of action of the anesthetic
Promotes hemostasis
reduces toxicity
Signs of local anesthetic toxicity - Answer Light headedness
Muscle twitching
Convulsion
Coma
Environment in which local anesthetics are most effectively able to diffuse intracellularly? -
Answer Basic tissues un-ionized form
What type of ion channel do local anesthetics block? - Answer Sodium
Duration of action of a drug is dependent on - Answer Protein binding capacity
The higher/lower the binding capacity, the longer the duration of action - Answer Higher
If local anesthetic X has longer duration of action than Y, what might you expect for drug X? -
Answer Greater affinity for protein binding for drug X
IF local anesthetic X has less protein binding and a lower pKA, what might you expect about
drug X compared to drug Y? - Answer Less pKA = faster onset
Less protein binding = shorter duration of action
Which local anesthetic is most likely cause an allergic reaction?
Lido, articaine, prilocaine, and tetracaine? - Answer Tetracaine
,MOA of cocaine - Answer Blocks reputable of monoamines
Pt with infection and inflammation will cause acidic environment, which _____ increases/
decreases the efficacy of local anesthetic - Answer Decreases
Which anesthetic have the longest duration of action? - Answer Bupivacaine with 1:200k epi
How many mg of lidocaine are in 2 cartridge of 2% lidocaine with 1:100k epinephrine - Answer
72 mg
Topical anesthetics used in dentistry? - Answer Benzocaine
Where in the Brain does cocaine predominately exert its effect? - Answer Nucleus accumbens
Allergy to local anesthetics include symptoms: - Answer Urticaria
Angiodema
Shortness of breath
Max dose for lidocaine without epi - Answer 4.4 mg/ kg
Max dose for lidocaine with epi - Answer 7 mg/kg
Max dose of lido for pediatric - Answer 4.4
Max dose for articaine with 1:100k epi - Answer 7
To prevent pediatric patients from biting lip, what local anesthetic technique should be used to
perform a resin filling on 30? - Answer Buccal infiltration with articaine
What may happen when local anesthetic containing epi is injected intravascularly - Answer
Tachycardia
Max epi in ASA 1 patient - Answer 0.2 mg
Max epi for cardiac pt - Answer 0.04 mg
, WHat nerve block is most at risk for causing a hematoma? - Answer PSA block
What abx causes GI upset and pseudomonas colitis? - Answer Clindamycin
What abx most likely caused superinfection? - Answer Broad spectrum abx
What abx is associated with aplastic anemia? - Answer Chloramphenicol
Chloramphenicol MOA - Answer Blocks peptidyltransferase at 50S ribosomal subunit.
Bacteriostatic.
Chloramphenicol treats - Answer meningitis, brain abscess
Red man syndrome is due to rapid IV infusion of ___________ - Answer Vancomycin
_____________ is associated with the development of gray man syndRome - Answer
Chloramphenicol
What is associated with liver damage? - Answer Tetracycline
What abx is associated with allergic cholestatic hepatitis? - Answer Ethryromycin estolate
-cidal and static drugs _____ each other out - Answer Cancel
Penicillin reacts poorly/ great with probenecid - Answer Poorly
Don't take ____ with tetracycline - Answer Milk
Decrease absorption of abx o
Erythromycin estolate is associated with what side effect? - Answer Allergic cholecstatic
hepatitis
Broad spectrum abx _____ enhance/ decrease effects of anticoagulants - Answer Enhance
Clindamycin concentrates in ____ - Answer Bone
Exam with Solved Solutions 2026-2027
Updated.
What is the treatment for methomoglobinemia? - Answer Vitamin C and methylene blue
Which local anesthetic is associated with methemoglobinemia? - Answer Prilocaine
What is the purpose of vasoconstrictor (epinephrine) in local anesthetic? - Answer Extends
duration of action of the anesthetic
Promotes hemostasis
reduces toxicity
Signs of local anesthetic toxicity - Answer Light headedness
Muscle twitching
Convulsion
Coma
Environment in which local anesthetics are most effectively able to diffuse intracellularly? -
Answer Basic tissues un-ionized form
What type of ion channel do local anesthetics block? - Answer Sodium
Duration of action of a drug is dependent on - Answer Protein binding capacity
The higher/lower the binding capacity, the longer the duration of action - Answer Higher
If local anesthetic X has longer duration of action than Y, what might you expect for drug X? -
Answer Greater affinity for protein binding for drug X
IF local anesthetic X has less protein binding and a lower pKA, what might you expect about
drug X compared to drug Y? - Answer Less pKA = faster onset
Less protein binding = shorter duration of action
Which local anesthetic is most likely cause an allergic reaction?
Lido, articaine, prilocaine, and tetracaine? - Answer Tetracaine
,MOA of cocaine - Answer Blocks reputable of monoamines
Pt with infection and inflammation will cause acidic environment, which _____ increases/
decreases the efficacy of local anesthetic - Answer Decreases
Which anesthetic have the longest duration of action? - Answer Bupivacaine with 1:200k epi
How many mg of lidocaine are in 2 cartridge of 2% lidocaine with 1:100k epinephrine - Answer
72 mg
Topical anesthetics used in dentistry? - Answer Benzocaine
Where in the Brain does cocaine predominately exert its effect? - Answer Nucleus accumbens
Allergy to local anesthetics include symptoms: - Answer Urticaria
Angiodema
Shortness of breath
Max dose for lidocaine without epi - Answer 4.4 mg/ kg
Max dose for lidocaine with epi - Answer 7 mg/kg
Max dose of lido for pediatric - Answer 4.4
Max dose for articaine with 1:100k epi - Answer 7
To prevent pediatric patients from biting lip, what local anesthetic technique should be used to
perform a resin filling on 30? - Answer Buccal infiltration with articaine
What may happen when local anesthetic containing epi is injected intravascularly - Answer
Tachycardia
Max epi in ASA 1 patient - Answer 0.2 mg
Max epi for cardiac pt - Answer 0.04 mg
, WHat nerve block is most at risk for causing a hematoma? - Answer PSA block
What abx causes GI upset and pseudomonas colitis? - Answer Clindamycin
What abx most likely caused superinfection? - Answer Broad spectrum abx
What abx is associated with aplastic anemia? - Answer Chloramphenicol
Chloramphenicol MOA - Answer Blocks peptidyltransferase at 50S ribosomal subunit.
Bacteriostatic.
Chloramphenicol treats - Answer meningitis, brain abscess
Red man syndrome is due to rapid IV infusion of ___________ - Answer Vancomycin
_____________ is associated with the development of gray man syndRome - Answer
Chloramphenicol
What is associated with liver damage? - Answer Tetracycline
What abx is associated with allergic cholestatic hepatitis? - Answer Ethryromycin estolate
-cidal and static drugs _____ each other out - Answer Cancel
Penicillin reacts poorly/ great with probenecid - Answer Poorly
Don't take ____ with tetracycline - Answer Milk
Decrease absorption of abx o
Erythromycin estolate is associated with what side effect? - Answer Allergic cholecstatic
hepatitis
Broad spectrum abx _____ enhance/ decrease effects of anticoagulants - Answer Enhance
Clindamycin concentrates in ____ - Answer Bone
