OpenStax Microbio Final Exam 1
Questions with Complete Rationales
2026/2027 Spring.
Which of the following is a correct usage of binomial nomenclature?
a. Homo Sapiens
b. homo sapiens
c. Homo sapiens
d. Homo Sapiens - Answer C. Homo sapiens
Which of the following types of microorganisms is photosynthetic?
yeast
virus
helminth
alga - Answer alga
Which of the following is a prokaryotic microorganism?
A. helminth
B. protozoan
C. cyanobacterium
D. mold - Answer c. cyanobacterium
Which of the following is acellular?
A. virus
B. bacterium
C. fungus
D. protozoan - Answer A. virus
Which of the following is a type of fungal microorganism?
A. bacterium
B. protozoan
C. alga
D. yeast - Answer D. yeast
,Which of the following is not a subfield of microbiology?
A. bacteriology
B. botany
C. clinical microbiology
D. virology - Answer B. botany
Researchers think that Otzi the Iceman may have been infected with ________ disease. -
Answer Lyme
The process by which microbes turn grape juice into wine is called ________. - Answer
fermentation
In binomial nomenclature, an organism's scientific name includes its ________ and ________. -
Answer genus, species
________ are organisms without membrane-bound nuclei. - Answer Prokaryotes
_______ are microorganisms that are not included in phylogenetic trees because they are
acellular. - Answer viruses
A ________ is a disease-causing microorganism. - Answer pathogen
Multicellular parasitic worms studied by microbiologists are called ________. - Answer
helminths
The study of viruses is ________. - Answer Virology
The cells of prokaryotic organisms lack a ________. - Answer nucleus
What is a phylogenetic tree? - Answer diagram that shows how species are related to each
other through common ancestors
What molecule did Woese and Fox use to construct their phylogenetic tree? - Answer
Ribosomal RNA
Name some techniques that can be used to identify and differentiate species of bacteria. -
Answer growth tests, morphological tests, molecular tests
, Describe the differences between bacteria and archaea. - Answer Bacteria have different cell
walls and lipids, metabolize differently, while archaea can live in extreme environments.
Name three structures that various protozoa use for locomotion. - Answer cilia, flagella,
pseudopodia
Describe the actual and relative sizes of a virus, a bacterium, and a plant or animal cell. - Answer
virus < bacterium < plant/animal cell
virus: 20-200 nm
bacterium: 0.5-5 µm
plant/animal cell: 10-100 µm
Why is using binomial nomenclature more useful than using common names? - Answer
consistency, clarity, standardization
Label the three Domains found on modern phylogenetic trees. - Answer Bacteria, archaea,
eukarya
Which of the following has the highest energy?
light with a long wavelength
light with an intermediate wavelength
light with a short wavelength
It is impossible to tell from the information given. - Answer light with a short wavelength
You place a specimen under the microscope and notice that parts of the specimen begin to emit
light immediately. These materials can be described as _____________.
fluorescent
phosphorescent
transparent
opaque - Answer fluorescent
Which would be the best choice for viewing internal structures of a living protist such as a
Paramecium?
Questions with Complete Rationales
2026/2027 Spring.
Which of the following is a correct usage of binomial nomenclature?
a. Homo Sapiens
b. homo sapiens
c. Homo sapiens
d. Homo Sapiens - Answer C. Homo sapiens
Which of the following types of microorganisms is photosynthetic?
yeast
virus
helminth
alga - Answer alga
Which of the following is a prokaryotic microorganism?
A. helminth
B. protozoan
C. cyanobacterium
D. mold - Answer c. cyanobacterium
Which of the following is acellular?
A. virus
B. bacterium
C. fungus
D. protozoan - Answer A. virus
Which of the following is a type of fungal microorganism?
A. bacterium
B. protozoan
C. alga
D. yeast - Answer D. yeast
,Which of the following is not a subfield of microbiology?
A. bacteriology
B. botany
C. clinical microbiology
D. virology - Answer B. botany
Researchers think that Otzi the Iceman may have been infected with ________ disease. -
Answer Lyme
The process by which microbes turn grape juice into wine is called ________. - Answer
fermentation
In binomial nomenclature, an organism's scientific name includes its ________ and ________. -
Answer genus, species
________ are organisms without membrane-bound nuclei. - Answer Prokaryotes
_______ are microorganisms that are not included in phylogenetic trees because they are
acellular. - Answer viruses
A ________ is a disease-causing microorganism. - Answer pathogen
Multicellular parasitic worms studied by microbiologists are called ________. - Answer
helminths
The study of viruses is ________. - Answer Virology
The cells of prokaryotic organisms lack a ________. - Answer nucleus
What is a phylogenetic tree? - Answer diagram that shows how species are related to each
other through common ancestors
What molecule did Woese and Fox use to construct their phylogenetic tree? - Answer
Ribosomal RNA
Name some techniques that can be used to identify and differentiate species of bacteria. -
Answer growth tests, morphological tests, molecular tests
, Describe the differences between bacteria and archaea. - Answer Bacteria have different cell
walls and lipids, metabolize differently, while archaea can live in extreme environments.
Name three structures that various protozoa use for locomotion. - Answer cilia, flagella,
pseudopodia
Describe the actual and relative sizes of a virus, a bacterium, and a plant or animal cell. - Answer
virus < bacterium < plant/animal cell
virus: 20-200 nm
bacterium: 0.5-5 µm
plant/animal cell: 10-100 µm
Why is using binomial nomenclature more useful than using common names? - Answer
consistency, clarity, standardization
Label the three Domains found on modern phylogenetic trees. - Answer Bacteria, archaea,
eukarya
Which of the following has the highest energy?
light with a long wavelength
light with an intermediate wavelength
light with a short wavelength
It is impossible to tell from the information given. - Answer light with a short wavelength
You place a specimen under the microscope and notice that parts of the specimen begin to emit
light immediately. These materials can be described as _____________.
fluorescent
phosphorescent
transparent
opaque - Answer fluorescent
Which would be the best choice for viewing internal structures of a living protist such as a
Paramecium?
