CPHON EXAMS PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED SOLUTIONS
◉ Antimetabolites.
Answer: 1. Interferes with cells in the S-phase
2. Inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis
3. Includes drugs like 5FU, methotrexate, cytarabine, hydroxyurea
◉ Antitumor Antibiotics.
Answer: 1. Includes drugs like bleomycin (G2 phase), dactinomycin,
anthracyclines (non-specific)
2. Bind with DNA to prevent RNA synthesis
◉ Nitrosoureas.
Answer: 1. Alkylating Agents (non-specific causing DNA strand
breaks)
2. Includes carmustine, lomustine, streptozocin
3. Crosses the BBB
◉ Plant Alkaloids.
Answer: 1. Inhibit cell division and DNA replication
,2. Includes Vinca Alkaloids, Taxanes, Podophyllotoxins,
Camptothecans
3. Cell-cycle Specific
◉ Vinca Alkaloids.
Answer: 1. Derived from Periwinkle plant
2. Vincristine, Vinblastine, Vinorelbine
3. Disrupt Microtubule formation preventing cell division
◉ Taxanes.
Answer: 1. Derived from Yew trees
2. Paclitaxel, Docetaxel
3. Stabilize microtubules preventing cell division
◉ Podophyllotoxins.
Answer: 1. Derived from the Mayapple plant
2. Etoposide, Teniposide
3. Topoisomerase inhibitors, preventing DNA replication
◉ Camptothecins.
Answer: 1. Derived from Asian "Happy Tree"
2. Irinotecan, Topotecan
,3. Topoisomerase inhibitors, preventing DNA replication
◉ Platinum-based Chemotherapy.
Answer: 1. "Alkylating-like" causes DNA crosslinks preventing DNA
replication
2. Includes cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin
3. Cell cycle non-specific
◉ Elutriation.
Answer: A method used to separate donor T cells out of the stem cell
product using a centrifuge.
◉ E-Rosetting.
Answer: RBCs from sheep are added to donor bone marrow to bind
T cells
◉ Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO).
Answer: Chemical used to preserve frozen stem cells; excreted
through the lungs for 24-48 hours after infusion; smells like garlic
and causes foul-taste; Can cause many side effects like arrhythmias,
hemoglobinuria, infection
◉ Acute GVHD.
, Answer: 1. Within the first 100 days of SCT
2. Maculopapular rash first appearing on hands and feet; liver
involvement with elevated transaminases; watery green diarrhea
with gut involvement
◉ Chronic GVHD.
Answer: 1. 100 days-2 years after SCT
2. Presents similar to connective tissue disease
3. Dry skin, dry mouth, oral ulcers, hair loss, brittle nails
◉ Treatment of GVHD.
Answer: Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine, Dexamethasone
◉ 2 most common causes of Post-Op fever.
Answer: 1. Atelectasis within first 3 days
2. Infection usually 5+ days after
◉ Leukoencephalopathy.
Answer: 1. Progressive demyelination of the white matter within the
brain causing difficulty with memory, speech, swallowing as well as
muscle spasms, seizure, and coma.
2. Side effect of whole brain RT; especially with concomitant MTX
DETAILED SOLUTIONS
◉ Antimetabolites.
Answer: 1. Interferes with cells in the S-phase
2. Inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis
3. Includes drugs like 5FU, methotrexate, cytarabine, hydroxyurea
◉ Antitumor Antibiotics.
Answer: 1. Includes drugs like bleomycin (G2 phase), dactinomycin,
anthracyclines (non-specific)
2. Bind with DNA to prevent RNA synthesis
◉ Nitrosoureas.
Answer: 1. Alkylating Agents (non-specific causing DNA strand
breaks)
2. Includes carmustine, lomustine, streptozocin
3. Crosses the BBB
◉ Plant Alkaloids.
Answer: 1. Inhibit cell division and DNA replication
,2. Includes Vinca Alkaloids, Taxanes, Podophyllotoxins,
Camptothecans
3. Cell-cycle Specific
◉ Vinca Alkaloids.
Answer: 1. Derived from Periwinkle plant
2. Vincristine, Vinblastine, Vinorelbine
3. Disrupt Microtubule formation preventing cell division
◉ Taxanes.
Answer: 1. Derived from Yew trees
2. Paclitaxel, Docetaxel
3. Stabilize microtubules preventing cell division
◉ Podophyllotoxins.
Answer: 1. Derived from the Mayapple plant
2. Etoposide, Teniposide
3. Topoisomerase inhibitors, preventing DNA replication
◉ Camptothecins.
Answer: 1. Derived from Asian "Happy Tree"
2. Irinotecan, Topotecan
,3. Topoisomerase inhibitors, preventing DNA replication
◉ Platinum-based Chemotherapy.
Answer: 1. "Alkylating-like" causes DNA crosslinks preventing DNA
replication
2. Includes cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin
3. Cell cycle non-specific
◉ Elutriation.
Answer: A method used to separate donor T cells out of the stem cell
product using a centrifuge.
◉ E-Rosetting.
Answer: RBCs from sheep are added to donor bone marrow to bind
T cells
◉ Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO).
Answer: Chemical used to preserve frozen stem cells; excreted
through the lungs for 24-48 hours after infusion; smells like garlic
and causes foul-taste; Can cause many side effects like arrhythmias,
hemoglobinuria, infection
◉ Acute GVHD.
, Answer: 1. Within the first 100 days of SCT
2. Maculopapular rash first appearing on hands and feet; liver
involvement with elevated transaminases; watery green diarrhea
with gut involvement
◉ Chronic GVHD.
Answer: 1. 100 days-2 years after SCT
2. Presents similar to connective tissue disease
3. Dry skin, dry mouth, oral ulcers, hair loss, brittle nails
◉ Treatment of GVHD.
Answer: Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine, Dexamethasone
◉ 2 most common causes of Post-Op fever.
Answer: 1. Atelectasis within first 3 days
2. Infection usually 5+ days after
◉ Leukoencephalopathy.
Answer: 1. Progressive demyelination of the white matter within the
brain causing difficulty with memory, speech, swallowing as well as
muscle spasms, seizure, and coma.
2. Side effect of whole brain RT; especially with concomitant MTX
